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911.
Mathis Fister 《Juristische Bl?tter》2011,133(9):560-571
Der Grundsatz des § 74 Abs 1 AVG, wonach jeder Beteiligte die ihm im Verwaltungsverfahren erwachsenden Kosten selbst zu bestreiten
hat, führt in modernen verwaltungsbeh?rdlichen Verfahren nicht selten zu unbilligen Ergebnissen. Desgleichen haften den Regelungen
über den Ersatz von Kosten verfassungsgerichtlicher und verwaltungsgerichtlicher Verfahren Defizite an. Ausgehend von diesem
Befund untersucht der Beitrag die Leistungsf?higkeit der geltenden Kostentragungsregelungen, zeigt Spannungsverh?ltnisse zu
verfassungsrechtlichen und unionsrechtlichen Vorgaben und Reformbedarf auf und mündet schlie?lich in den Vorschlag einer Neukonzeption
des Kostentragungssystems im ?ffentlichen Recht. 相似文献
912.
913.
Paul A. Kowert 《管理》2001,14(2):201-232
For over two decades, the theory of groupthink proposed by Irving Janis has remained the most prominent analysis of group dynamics in policy-making. Suffering from its own popularity, groupthink has become a catch-all phrase without a clear meaning. Moreover, theories of group decision-making—even when applied to public policy-making—have typically ignored political variables, focusing almost exclusively on psychological arguments. This article offers three more narrowly construed propositions about policy-making groups: (1) that extremes in the distribution of power within a decision group reduces the integrative complexity of that group's deliberations and, thus, a leader's ability to learn; (2) that extremes in group size produce similar effects; and (3) that the integrative complexity of deliberations is improved when power concentration is appropriate to group size. An examination of the Reagan Administration's decision-making in two phases of the Iran-Contra affair lends support to these hypotheses and reveals the importance of political structure in decision group dynamics. 相似文献
914.
915.
916.
Laura Onofri 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2009,28(2):149-161
In this paper, we focus on the institutional setting where Old Masters’Paintings (OMP) markets transactions are carried. We
develop a preliminary attempt to embody legal provisions in econometric, hedonic pricing models. We consider a particular
regulation applicable only in Italy, the “export veto” for art objects that are particularly relevant for the national cultural patrimony. We proxy such legal provision in order
to include it in the statistical analysis and to check whether it affects the OMP price differentials between pre-auction
estimated price and post-auction hammer price. Preliminary results show that the price differential is affected by the legal
variable, therefore suggesting that the country’s institutional framework plays an important role in price dynamics. 相似文献
917.
Juliann Emmons Allison 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2005,5(4):405-414
Deregulation and the combined threats of energy crises and global warming concern nations around the world, yet these issues
continue to be addressed more directly by domestic regulatory systems than by international institutions. The present analyses
of the integration of distributed sources of power generation (DG) into California’s electric utility system suggests that
domestic environmental dilemmas with international repercussions provide an obvious entrée for global environmental policy
specialists into the practice of environmental policy-making and law. Here I review current scholarship on policy networks
that illuminates the contributions that technical and policy experts can make to such networks surrounding environmental issues.
I then introduce the key members of California’s “clean DG” policy network that emphasizes the role of academic experts in
this influential political system, and discuss how my own research has impacted the development of the state’s DG policy.
I conclude that scholars are well positioned to observe and engage domestic and international environmental policy networks,
and thereby also to influence environmental politics and law. 相似文献
918.
Megan H. Bair-Merritt William C. Holmes John H. Holmes Jamie Feinstein Chris Feudtner 《Journal of family violence》2008,23(5):325-332
We sought to determine whether intimate partner violence (IPV) risk factors differed depending upon the presence of children
in the home, and to estimate the annual prevalence of IPV first in the general population and then in homes with and without
children. We analyzed data from a cross-sectional random sample of 6,836 women in southeastern Pennsylvania interviewed by
telephone in 2004. The magnitude of association between IPV and risk factors varied between homes with and without children
for women’s alcohol problems (with children, odds ratio (OR) 7.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9, 20.9; without children,
OR 2.4; 95% CI 0.9, 6.0), and mental health problems (with children, OR 4.0; 95% CI 1.8, 8.9; without children, OR 3.0; 95%
CI 1.6, 5.7). Poverty was significantly associated with IPV only in homes without children (OR 3.6; 95% CI 1.9, 7.2). Annual
IPV prevalence was 1.2% overall, 1.4% in homes with children, and 1.1% in homes without children. One in 63 children lived
in a home with IPV. Differences in IPV risk factors in homes with and without children suggest distinct underlying IPV mechanisms
or consequences in these contexts. 相似文献
919.
Paul J. White 《Citizenship Studies》1999,3(1):71-102
This article examines the relevancy of concepts of citizenship as tools for analysing and comprehending minorities in ethnically complex societies. Taking the Kurds of Turkey as a case study, this article traces the evolution of civil society from the Ottoman empire through to the modern Turkish state, using a human rights‐based definition of citizenship. The changed situation of the Kurds is shown in each epoch and appropriate conclusions are drawn. The complex diversity among the Kurds themselves is also noted. Finally, an assessment is made of the applicability of what could be called Weberian and Neo‐Weberian concepts of citizenship. 相似文献
920.