The rise of the Red Mafia in China: a case study of organised crime and corruption in Chongqing

‘Red Mafia’ is the collective term for corrupt public officials in mainland China, mainly from the criminal justice system, who attempt to monopolise the protection business in the criminal underworld by abusing power. In contemporary mainland China, the Red Mafia has developed into an alternative system of governance that can control organised crime groups, enable them to flourish, and protect them where strong government and effective self-protection associations are absent. The author examines organised crime and corruption by analysing the Wen Qiang case, one of the most famous and widely publicised cases in Chongqing’s latest crime crackdown campaign. Drawing on interview data and extensive published materials, this paper offers a tentative definition of ‘Red Mafia’, develops a typology of organised crime, describes the emergence of the Red Mafia in China, explores how gangsters developed relationships with public officials, suggests why organised crime groups chose the Red Mafia as their preferred protection and enforcement mechanism, examines patterns of services provided, and explores the differences between the Red Mafia and other Mafia groups.     

Oil price shocks and policy responses in the post‐reform Chinese economy

This study analyses the impact of the 1986 oil price shock on China and the policy options for accommodating the shock. A computable general equilibrium model is used to capture the complex interactions in the Chinese economy in response to the shock. Interpreted in the theoretical framework of the ‘Booming Sector’ model, the results of the model provide insights on both the real and monetary effects of the shock, and suggest that a combination of policy instruments such as a cut in real absorption, depreciation of the official exchange rate and tight monetary control are required to facilitate adjustment.     

The adaptation of Taiwan's administrative organizations to its economic development

Since moving its seat to Taiwan in 1949, the government of the Republic of China has been able to resume its efforts towards national reconstruction on this island at an accelerated speed. Because of rapid political, economic, and social developments in recent decades, Taiwan's political environment is quite different from what it was previously. In changing from continental to island, national to local, and agricultural to industrial, the public's demands have changed significantly. Under Taiwan's current political and economic situation, what course of development should Taiwan's administrative organizations follow? What kind of self- adaptation to this changing environment should Taiwan's administrative system take? This article describes Taiwan's current administrative environment and operation from a physical and cultural setting. Its ways of adaptation are examined as well must be reasonable and rational. Restated, measures to change the quality of governmental services, governmental expense, the taxes the citizens pay, and the services citizens receive should be taken rationally (¹).     

中美日印在越南的软实力评估——以在滇越南留学生为调查对象

软实力理论现已成为研究国际问题的一个重要视角。越南是中国的近邻和外交前沿,近年来中美日印四国在越南的外交举措频频,但对中美日印四国在越南软实力比较的研究成果还较少。本文从在滇越南留学生的角度研究上述四国在越南的软实力,采用问卷调查的实证研究方法,通过数据分析得出,尽管目前国内外研究机构都认为中国的软实力在快速提高,但在越南,美国和日本的软实力以较大优势领先于中国;在经济、文化、外交等方面,中国仍处于"老三"的位置。本文还提出了提高中国在越南软实力的若干建议。     

中国-东盟高等教育合作中的孔子学院——发展现状及其面临的问题

创建孔子学院是中国与东盟国家在高等教育合作领域的特殊形式。近年来,孔子学院的建设在东盟国家发展迅速,这主要得益于中国经济的高速发展、东盟国家和中国的地缘相近、东南亚华人华侨众多、东南亚国家人民对中国文化的热爱,以及中国-东盟自由贸易区建设带来的发展机遇等。孔子学院在东盟国家的发展也面临一些困难,师资和教材问题是其进一步发展的主要障碍,东盟国家的“文化威胁论”以及孔子学院激起周边国家的软实力竞争的反应也是一个不容忽视的问题。     

Bypass技术在动态取证中的应用

本文将Bypass技术引入到串联模式当中,把旁路的思想应用于串联模式的网络连接中,从而有效地解决了不丢包、不断网的实际要求,为动态取证提供了新的工作模式.     

警察射击心理素质的训练方法

在警察射击教学过程中,射击技术的训练是基础,心理训练也是至关重要的课程.克服心理障碍,培养良好的心理素质,是警察射击训练的主要课程之一.通过情绪调节训练、注意力调节训练、自信心调节训练、意志品质训练、感知能力训练等方法可以有效降低警察心理障碍,培养警察良好心理素质.     

转型期农村基层治理变革的宪政目标

市场经济的发展使得农民的民主、法治、权利和平等的思想与观念逐渐增强,现有的农村治理结构和民主政治体制还不能完全适应村民对于农村政治事务空前的热情和希望的需要,农村基层的治理模式和民主政治体制面临着变革和调整的重任.宪政是人类政治文明的结晶,是最能实现人类民主、法治和人权的政治制度.农村基层治理变革应当朝着宪政的目标,探索和挖掘其鲜明的的宪政内涵与宪政特性.在宪政理念的主导下对农村基层的政治资源和治理模式进行调整和创新代表着农村政治现代化的发展方向,基层治理的宪政化建设是农村基层治理变革的发展目标.     

转型期农村基层治理变革之宪政精神

经济社会转型期随着市场化发展而日渐觉醒的村民的民主意识、法治理念、权利思维、平等观念的不断增强,使得村民以前所未有的热情关注和参与农村社会政治事务,农村现有的基层治理模式和乡村民主政治体制面临着变革和调整的重任。宪政作为人类政治文明的产物,代表着政治现代化的发展路径。宪政应当是中国农村基层治理变革的方向,基层治理的创新和变革具有鲜明的宪政内涵和宪政特性。基层的治理变革既需要对农村基层社会的经济政治资源进行调整和组合,更需要在宪政理念的主导下进行自治制度的革新。基层治理的宪政化建设是农村经济社会转型期基层治理变革的方向。在宪政理念的指引下,农村基层治理变革具有独特的宪政路径和明确的宪政精神。     

Does China’s green economic recovery generate a spatial convergence trend: an explanation using agglomeration effects and fiscal instruments

Economic Change and Restructuring - China’s urbanization process has entered a period of rapid development, and cities have become key to driving regional economic development. This paper...