Regional socio‐economic variations and deprivation indices

People and Places II: Social and Economic Distinctions in England. By David Gordon and Ray Forrest. SAUS, the University of Bristol, 1995. Pp.135. £19.95.     

Ultimate Legality: Reading the Community of Law

This article is a contribution to the occasional series dealing with a major book that has influenced the author. Previous contributors include Stewart Macaulay, John Griffith, William Twining, Carol Harlow, Geoffrey Bindman, Harry Arthurs, André-Jean Arnaud, Alan Hunt, Michael Adler, Lawrence O. Gostin, John P. Heinz, Roger Brownsword, Roger Cotterrell, Nicola Lacey, Carol J. Greenhouse, and David Garland. An initial twist: several acute observers would consider the way I read to be the most influential effect of reading on me – a way of reading that extends beyond the specificity of the text yet, in so doing, connects integrally with it. Salvation of specificity is at hand, however. That way of reading is intimately reflective of Derridean deconstruction and a hugely influential reading becomes his ‘Force of Law’. A problem ensues. Other influential reading came before my love of Derrida – influential reading to do with law and society (of course), with decolonization and imperialism, with engaged anthropology, and with critical legal studies. A retrospective revelation then follows. Derridean deconstruction is found to haunt and inform these other readings. They can be read in a way that inherently anticipates deconstruction. Some culminating coherence is offered by the inescapable insistence of community and the mutually intrinsic fusion of community and law.     

中国镍白铜技术发明演变为“德国银”专利的历史考证

通过对欧洲现存专利文本、科学实验及调查研究,证明在19世纪初西方曾利用中国古代冶金技术史上一项重要发明——镍白铜技术发明申请专利并获得保护,随后出现了"德国银"生产的兴起。西方近代史是资本主义萌芽、产生、确立的历史,也是专利制度建立的历史,在这一时期,中国科技、经济却从兴盛走向落后。西方曾经盗用中国技术并申请专利保护,故此应该让人们加强知识产权保护意识,保护自己民族的发明创造。     

Social Policy by Other Means: Theorizing Unconventional Forms of Welfare Production

Abstract

The goal of this special issue is to highlight the importance of unconventional social policies, theorize their development in comparison with traditional welfare state accounts and outline a new research agenda. In this introduction to the special issue, the editors present the concept of social policy by other means as encompassing two kinds of unconventional social policy (from the point of view of mainstream comparative research): First, functional equivalents to formal systems of social protection and, second, non-state provision of benefits. The concept builds upon a sizeable, but fragmented literature in comparative welfare state research. While numerous examples demonstrate that social policy by other means is more pervasive in both OECD and non-OECD countries than often acknowledged, a brief survey of the top 20 articles in the field reveals that this fact is not sufficiently reflected in the academic literature. With reference to both existing studies and the contributions to this special issue, the editors go on to explore (1) the different forms of social policy by other means, (2) explanatory theories and (3) their effectiveness in terms of social outcomes. They close by outlining a research agenda.     

PASSING THE BATON China expects the Hamburg Summit to be a success

Chinese President Xi Jinping will attend this year's G20 Summit in Hamburg, Germany, on July 7-8. Before Xi's tr ip, Premier Li Keqiang and German Chancellor Angela Merkel held the annual China-Germany prime ministers' meeting in Berlin on May 31.     

社会风险控制抑或个人权益保护——理解个人信息保护法的两个维度

个人信息在《民法典》中被确认为一种人格法益,在理论和立法上确立了我国个人信息的私法保护面向。个人权益保护成为构建和理解个人信息保护的重要维度和线索。由于个人信息保护的公共目标和功能可能被个人私益保护的进路所覆盖或消解,因此有必要将社会风险控制作为个人信息保护的重要维度来对待。社会风险控制一直是电子化时代个人数据保护的基础性目的,它对于个人信息保护的相关理论和制度具有很强的解释力和动态构建作用。社会风险控制和个人权益保护两种进路在相关基础问题上出现分歧,如个人信息与隐私的基础关系、一般性保护与场景化保护以及本权与保护权的关系等。在《个人信息保护法》实施过程中,社会风险控制进路有助于合理解读和执行法律,把握风险大小与控制措施的合理匹配,以及在平衡相关立法价值的前提下,释放信息的流动性。