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841.
Jesper Strömbäck 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2007,7(1):79-89
- During the last 20 years, political marketing has become a widespread phenomenon around the world. However, most of the research concerning political marketing has been carried out in countries such as the United States and Britain. Thus, in order to understand the antecedents of political marketing, as well as its effectiveness as an electoral strategy, there is a need for comparative research including countries that differ significantly from the U.S. and Britain.
- One such country is Sweden. Thus, the purpose of this article is to compare and analyze Sweden and Britain with regard to two analytical research questions: (1) What differences are there between Britain and Sweden that might be relevant in understanding why parties choose to be sales‐ or market‐oriented? (2) What are the implications with regards to differences between countries and between parties within countries that might help to explain why some parties in some countries are more likely than others to be market‐oriented?
842.
The Eastern European referendum campaigns on the accession to the European Union–a critical analysis
György Szondi 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2007,7(1):55-69
- This article analyses the communication campaigns organized to increase support for European Union (EU) membership, during referendums held between March and September 2003 in Central Europe. The focus is on the official campaigns, organized and sponsored by the Hungarian, Polish and Estonian governments. The first part of the paper reviews the special characteristics of referendums and information campaigns, followed by the challenges communication planners faced, during planning and implementing the campaigns. The common features and themes of the national campaigns, as well as the differences, are identified and analysed. The article concludes with some important lessons and recommendations to be used by future referendum campaign planners and implementers.
843.
Ellen Reitz Peter Prinzie Maja Deković Kirsten L. Buist 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(5):623-634
The purpose of the present study was to examine the direct and indirect effects (through peer contacts) of parental knowledge
on adolescents’ delinquent and aggressive problem behavior, using latent growth curve modeling. A sample of 457 13- to 14-year
old adolescents at first measurement wave (M=13.27; SD=0.45 years) filled out questionnaires about their parents, peers, and problem behavior three times with 1-year
intervals in between. Regarding initial levels of behavior, both direct and indirect effects of parental knowledge were found
on aggressive as well as on delinquent behavior. When the rate of change in behaviors was considered, only direct effects
were found for both types of problem behavior, whereas indirect effects were absent. Gender differences were also found, with
stronger effects of parenting on both aggressive and delinquent problem behavior for boys and stronger effects of peer contacts
on aggressive behavior for girls. The present study shows that different behaviors of the externalizing spectrum have different
trajectories and diverse relations with parenting and should not be treated as identical.
相似文献
Kirsten L. BuistEmail: |
844.
Yilmaz R Birincioğlu I Cakir I Uner HB Açikgöz D Seçkin C 《Journal of forensic sciences》2007,52(1):114-115
This study describes the frequency of mole guns in Turkey by examining the cases sent to the Council of Forensic Medicine of Turkey between 2003 and 2005. In total, 11 mole guns were examined. Mole guns are manufactured to be used as a trap against detrimental animals. Although they are not meant to be used as a firearm, they are able to cause death. Mole guns appearing in regular casework were evaluated in terms of type of the gun, number of barrels, size and caliber, rifling, design, mechanism, fitness for use, legality, and geographical distribution. Ninety-one percent of the guns were 12 gauge. Most commonly they originate from Inner Anatolia. Mole guns are typically handmade. Some examples of injuries and deaths caused by mole guns are also offered. 相似文献
845.
846.
847.
Greg W. Cook Ph.D. Peter T. LaPuma Ph.D. Gary L. Hook Ph.D. Brian A. Eckenrode Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(6):1582-1591
Abstract: Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a valued field detection technology because of its speed and high sensitivity, but IMS cannot easily resolve analytes of interest within mixtures. Coupling gas chromatography (GC) to IMS adds a separation capability to resolve complex matrices. A GC‐IONSCAN® operated in IMS and GC/IMS modes was evaluated with combinations of five explosives and four interferents. In 100 explosive/interferent combinations, IMS yielded 21 false positives while GC/IMS substantially reduced the occurrence of false positives to one. In addition, the results indicate that through redesign or modification of the preconcentrator there would be significant advantages to using GC/IMS, such as enhancement of the linear dynamic range (LDR) in some situations. By balancing sensitivity with LDR, GC/IMS could prove to be a very advantageous tool when addressing real world complex mixture situations. 相似文献
848.
Katja Björklund Ph.D. Helinä Häkkänen‐Nyholm Ph.D. Lorraine Sheridan Ph.D. Karl Roberts Ph.D. Asko Tolvanen Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2010,55(4):1008-1014
Abstract: Stalking behavior and victim–stalker relationship are often the principal known factors in a stalking case. Thus, they are of great importance when trying to identify factors contributing to stalking duration. The present study aims to identify distinct subgroups of stalking victims based on measures of behavioral stalking dimensions. These victim subgroups, stalking dimensions, and victim–stalker relationship are examined in relation to stalking duration. Using a sample of 137 university students, latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed five distinct victim subgroups based on stalker behavior dimensions: surveillance, low‐profile, social lurker, wide scope, and baseline stalkers. The subgroups were significantly related to stalking duration and explained a considerable amount of the variance along with the stalking dimensions and victim–stalker relationship. Connections to stalking literature and utility of person‐orientated methods in stalking research are discussed. 相似文献
849.
Eva -Maria Annerbäck Carl -Göran Svedin Per A. Gustafsson 《Journal of family violence》2010,25(2):165-172
Minor child physical abuse has decreased in Sweden since 1979, when a law banning corporal punishment of children was passed,
but more serious forms have not decreased. The aim of this study was to examine risk and background factors in cases of severe
child abuse reported to the police. Files from different agencies (e.g., Social services, Adult and Child psychiatry and Pediatric
clinic) for 20 children and 34 caretakers were studied. An accumulation of risk factors was found. It is concluded that when
the following four factors are present, there is a risk for severe child abuse: 1) a person with a tendency to use violence
in conflict situations; 2) a strong level of stress on the perpetrator and the family; 3) an insufficient social network that
does not manage to protect the child; 4) a child that does not manage to protect him or herself. Thus, multiple sources of
information must be used when investigating child abuse. 相似文献
850.
Per-Olof H. Wikström Vania Ceccato Beth Hardie Kyle Treiber 《Journal of Quantitative Criminology》2010,26(1):55-87
Our current understanding of the role of the social environment in crime causation is at best rudimentary. Guided by the theoretical framework of Situational Action Theory, and using data from the ESRC financed Peterborough Adolescent and Young Adult Development Study (PADS+), this paper aims to propose how we can better theorise and study the role of the social environment, particularly the person and place interaction, in crime causation. We will introduce, and illustrate the usefulness of, a space–time budget methodology as a means of capturing people’s exposure to settings and describing their activity fields. We will suggest and demonstrate that, combined with a small area community survey and psychometric measures of individual characteristics, a space–time budget is a powerful tool for advancing our knowledge about the role of the social environment, and its interaction with people’s crime propensity, in crime causation. Our unique data allows us to study the convergence in time and space of crime propensity, criminogenic exposure and crime events. As far as we are aware, such an analysis has never before been carried out. The findings show that there are (a) clear associations between young people’s activity fields and their exposure to criminogenic settings, (b) clear associations between their exposure to criminogenic settings and their crime involvement, and, crucially, (c) that the influence of criminogenic exposure depends on a person’s crime propensity. Having a crime-averse morality and strong ability to exercise self-control appears to make young people practically situationally immune to the influences of criminogenic settings, while having a crime-prone morality and poor ability to exercise self-control appears to make young people situationally vulnerable to the influences of criminogenic settings. 相似文献