The impact of race on the adjudication of sexual assault and other violent crimes

This study assessed whether sexual assault offenders were differently adjudicated from other violent felons and to what extent any differences in adjudication decisions were explained by the defendant's race. Five court decisions were analyzed using a weighted sample of 41,151 cases adjudicated between 1990 and 1996 that were representative of cases in the seventy-five most populous United States counties. The results did not support the hypothesis that sexual assault cases were given, on average, more leniency than less serious violent offenses, however, various adjudication decisions for the four violent offenses were moderated by the defendant's race. Interaction models showed minorities were treated more punitively compared to Whites when they were charged with an assault, robbery, or murder, but they were treated more leniently when they were charged with a sexual assault. Explanatory models that accounted for the differential processing of minorities that were disproportionately lenient or punitive, depending on the crime, are discussed.     

劳资和谐与政府职责

本文依据我国劳资纠纷的现状,提出纠纷解决有赖于政府的政策调控、立法规制和行政干预,需要构建以调解为主体、内部协商和外部解决为两翼的劳资纠纷解决体系。文章还具体指出,需要建立由劳动保障行政部门负责的独立的调解机构,提高行政机关在调解中的公信力,完善由政府劳动保障部门、企业和工会组成的劳动关系三方协商机制。     

我国基础教育事业单位改革最新进展及评析

改革开放以来,随着我国事业单位改革的整体推进,教育事业单位改革也不断走向深入,有力地推动了我国教育事业的发展。文章对近年来我国中央和地方政府在基础教育事业单位领域,围绕现代学校制度建设、人事制度改革等进行的一系列改革举措进行了较为全面的梳理,剖析了改革取得的成就,并重点分析了各地改革实践中存在的普遍性问题,以期为深化我国教育事业单位改革提供一定借鉴。     

The Nature and Predictors of Sexual Victimization and Offending Among Adolescents

This study describes the risk factors associated with experiencing and committing sexual aggression among a sample of male and female adolescents. High school students completed a questionnaire containing a revised form of the Sexual Experiences Survey to assess sexual victimization and offending experiences. Ordinal regression equations were estimated separately for male and female students, regressing background characteristics, dating behaviors, and attitudinal scales on sexual victimization (for females) or offending (for males). Nearly half (48%) of the females report experiencing sexual aggression, and one-third (34%) of males admit committing this type of offending. Regression analyses show that the likelihood of reporting victimization/offending increases among females who report dating more frequently during the past month, among both males and females who report dating more different people during the past 6 months, and among older males. Females who report their religious affiliation as Protestants compared to those with no religious affiliation, and those planning to attend college are less likely to report victimization. Among the males, rejecting rape stereotypes and having more accurate legal knowledge regarding rape are related to reduced likelihoods of reporting sexual offending. Implications for improving sexual assault educational programs for adolescents are discussed.     

关于事业单位岗位管理问题研究

实行岗位管理是实现我国事业单位基本用人制度改革的主要途径。事业单位在设岗时要遵循科学的设岗原则,确定合理的岗位结构比例,制定岗位规范等。政府应为实现岗位管理下放管理权限,制定配套政策,营造良好的改革环境。     

北京世界城市建设与高端人才发展:实践与对策

北京建设世界城市离不开高端人才的支撑。首先需要明确世界城市建设目标与高端人才需求之间的内在关系,并分析北京高端人才发展的主要措施和存在问题。本文通过借鉴纽约、伦敦和东京三大世界城市在高端人才发展方面的有益经验,从高端人才发展的系统环境、战略目标、实施过程和绩效评价四方面,提出了优化人才系统环境、完善人才管理机制、构筑人才发展平台、加强人才制度激励等促进北京国际化高端人才发展的对策和建议。     

Frontline worker compliance with transparency reforms: Barriers posed by family and financial responsibilities

Significant development funding flows to informational interventions intended to improve public services. Such “transparency fixes” often depend on the cooperation of frontline workers who produce or disseminate information for citizens. This article examines frontline worker compliance with a transparency intervention in Bangalore's water sector. Why did compliance vary across neighborhoods, and why did workers exhibit modest rates of compliance overall? Drawing on ethnographic observation and an original data set, this article finds that variation in workers' family responsibilities and financial circumstances largely explains variation in compliance with the intervention. Furthermore, workers often prioritize long‐standing responsibilities over new tasks seen as add‐ons, leading to modest rates of compliance overall. Perceptions of “core” jobs can be sticky—especially when reaffirmed through interactions with citizens. This article represents one of the first multimethod companions to a field experiment, and illustrates how the analysis of qualitative and observational data can contribute to impact evaluation.