群体性事件与领导干部应对能力建设论析

有效因应群体性事件,维护社会和谐稳定,是各级领导干部尤其是处于一线的领导干部亟待破解的现实难题。本文对现阶段我国群体性事件的基本态势及特点进行概括性解析,重新审视了领导干部的应对能力现状,并着重提出了新时期领导干部应对群体性事件所应具备的基本能力及其建设的着力点。     

从“省直管县财政改革”迈向“省直管县行政改革”——安徽省直管县财政改革的调查与思考

安徽等地实行的省直管县财政改革和扩权强县改革,在创新财政体制、推动县域经济发展、提高行政管理效率等方面取得了明显成效,但省直管县财政体制与市管县行政体制并存也产生了亟待解决的问题。要从根本上解决这些问题,继续放大财政改革和扩权改革的体制能量与制度功效,必须适时启动和稳步推进省直管县行政改革,构建扁平化的省直管县公共行政体制。     

公平视角下的中国基本养老保险制度改革

本文就当前中国基本养老保险制度上存在的问题进行了分析,提出了以公平为本完善基本养老保险制度,要保障所有公民公正公平地享有基本养老保险的基本权利,既要避免同为公民,一部分享有基本养老保险权益而另一部分却享受不到的状况,也要尽量避免同为公民,相同的状况下却因工作岗位、工作性质不同而基本养老保险权益差别较大的状况。     

现代公共行政基本功能:亟待研究的哲学范畴

中国行政学的研究,自上世纪80年代初恢复和发展以来,行政功能的研析一直与职能混淆而使其被严重忽视。本文展开了相应的追踪探源与梳理,揭示了两概念混淆的学术根源;在行政哲学层面,诠释了结构与功能在现代科学研究中固定搭配的意义,据此探析了行政功能与职能的几点重要区别,从理论上解答了亦论不亦的问题;进而阐释了现代行政的三大功能及其关系,揭示出其在当代中国公共行政理论建设中具有的现实紧迫意义。     

政府预算的科学性与软约束——基于中国财政预算执行情况的实证分析

政府预算作为一种制度设计是对政府行为的一种约束机制,其灵魂体现在政府具有的法治性。然而从我国的财政实践看,政府预算并没有对政府行为产生有效的约束,自由裁量行为在政府预算的编制和执行过程中普遍存在。本文通过对我国财政预算执行情况的分析对政府预算中的软约束现象进行了研究。研究认为,我国政府预算中的软约束现象归因于政府预算的法治性较弱,政府执法的意愿较低。克服这一现象,使政府预算真正发挥对政府行为的约束作用,关键是构建激励相容的机制。     

企业创新技术竞争保护方式的比较与选择

企业创新技术的竞争,实质上是如何运用法律手段或专有手段,保护企业创新技术不被竞争对手所掌握,使其处于市场竞争的优势地位.为了保证企业技术创新者的权益不受到侵犯,就必须理顺创新技术竞争秩序.理顺创新技术秩序,关键在于企业如何选择保护方式,这样才能真正地保护新技术,使之立于竞争的不败之地.     

新阶段中朝经贸合作的新特点及新思路

冷战结束后,中朝关系经历一段磨合出现的新变化使中朝经贸合作呈现出新特点。本文通过对中朝经贸合作特点及朝鲜本国经济特点的分析,提出了深化中朝经贸务实合作的思路:依托中朝两国和国际社会持久的努力,以非市场机制手段有意识地对生产要素的流动进行调节,通过两国生产要素的优化组合,使生产要素充分发挥作用,优势互补,推动朝鲜的生产力和经济发展,从而促进中朝经贸务实合作。     

朝核问题研究：从六方会谈到地区安全机制

朝核问题六方会谈历时5年,经历了极其艰难的历程。看似回到了原点,但仍不失为东北亚地区有关国家对于建设地区安全机制的一次有益探索。当前,由于有关国家对安全威胁的性质和特征在认识上的差异以及各国政策目标的不一致,在建设东北亚多边安全合作机制问题上的认识差距依然很大．但六方会谈的基本形式和发展思路仍为各国有识之士所认同。     

Making political citizens? Migrants’ narratives of naturalization in the United Kingdom*

Citizenship tests are arguably intended as moments of hailing, or interpellation, through which norms are internalized and citizen-subjects produced. We analyse the multiple political subjects revealed through migrants’ narratives of the citizenship test process, drawing on 158 interviews with migrants in Leicester and London who are at different stages in the UK citizenship test process. In dialogue with three counter-figures in the critical naturalization literature – the ‘neoliberal citizen’; the ‘anxious citizen’; and the ‘heroic citizen’ – we propose the figure of the ‘citizen-negotiator’, a socially situated actor who attempts to assert control over their life as they navigate the test process and state power. Through the focus on negotiation, we see migrants navigating a process of differentiation founded on pre-existing inequalities rather than a journey toward transformation.     

Super-optimizing china: reunification as an example

Whereas political issues and problems in China are complicated, efforts to “super-optimize” are essential and can be fruitful. The reunification issue is discussed to illustrate even highly politicized problems in China are amenable to super-optimum solutions. At the moment, some reunification options have been proposed: KMT-CCP negotiation on equal footing; KMT's military takeover; CCP's military takeover; the “one country, two systems” formula, convergence by democratization, and incremental convergence through trading and communication. Yet, neither parties find the alternatives desirable in terms of optimal satisfaction. By applying SOS rule # 2 (finding items that will provide large benefits to one side but only small costs to the other side), # 5 (combining the conservative and liberal alternatives where they are not mutually exclusive), and # 6 (removing the source of the conflict), reunification and democratization are made feasible and all parties concerned are better off. The specific proposals are that Taiwan should introduce a wholesale buy-out scheme that costs US$30 billion, that a new republic be established, and that legislative powers should be shared among the majoritarian and non-majoritarian institutions. Together, these arrangements could ensure stability and result in democratization.