论破产中尚未履行完毕的合同

尚未履行完毕的合同在破产中的处置,有不可自由选择和可自由选择两种。不可自由选择的合同的范围,主要是出于维护交易安全和保护合同当事人的预期而划定,如委托合同、附所有权保留的买卖合同、房屋租赁合同和知识产权许可使用合同等。对可自由选择的合同,完善的破产立法一方面应规定选择权,明确其性质,另一方面也应区别不同情形对其做适当的限制,在追求破产财产最大化的同时兼顾合同债权人利益的保护。在上述各个方面,我国《破产法》均有改进的余地。     

美国语境中的“法律人思维”

"像法律人一样思维"的论题不仅涉及到法律思维的种种基本问题,也与法律教育教学的内容和方法直接相关。但是,对它的理解却众说纷纭。法律人思维不是一种独立的思维类型,而是在特殊目的(权利与义务的确定)、制度化程序(程序规则)约束之下,于对抗性对话框架中(说服性对话)构建、分析、批判法律论证的思考活动。其基本特征是,针对一个法律主张,构建和表达合情理的论证,以获得一个合乎自己预期的法律裁决;它的核心是发现、分析和评价理由。     

无独立请求权第三人的诉讼地位

无独立请求权第三人是诉讼当事人。我国民事诉讼法关于无独立请求权第三人的立法规定存在着内在冲突,在理论和实务上产生了诸多令人困惑的问题,立法应明确无独立请求权第三人的诉讼当事人地位。当事人申请参加是无独立请求权第三人参加诉讼的适当方式,法院依职权追加和通知无独立请求权第三人参加诉讼,是超越司法被动性原则的体现,立法上应取消这一规定。     

Sequential lineup presentation: Patterns and policy

Sequential lineups were offered as an alternative to the traditional simultaneous lineup. Sequential lineups reduce incorrect lineup selections; however, the accompanying loss of correct identifications has resulted in controversy regarding adoption of the technique. We discuss the procedure and research relevant to (1) the pattern of results found using sequential versus simultaneous lineups; (2) reasons (theory) for differences in witness responses; (3) two methodological issues; and (4) implications for policy decisions regarding the adoption of sequential lineups.     

The relationship between job status,interviewing experience,gender, and police officers' adherence to open‐ended questions

Purpose. The current study examined whether several factors related to the job and demographic profile of police officers are associated with adherence to best‐practice guidelines when interviewing children. Method. One hundred and seventy‐eight police officers completed a standardized (simulated) interview regarding an allegation of abuse by a 5‐year‐old child. Immediately prior to this interview, details were obtained from the officers' regarding their job status, gender, interview experience, the timing and nature of prior training/supervision, and experience outside the policing profession with young children. Results. The results showed that timing of training was the only factor that related to interview performance. The proportion of open‐ended questions among participants who completed their interviewer training course less than 1 month prior to the simulated interview was better than those who completed the training earlier. Interestingly, the performance of the latter group was identical to that of a group of participants who had not yet received any formal interview training. The implications of the findings are discussed, along with directions for future research.