电子政务与政府绩效评估——基于W市Q区电子绩效管理平台的实证分析

电子绩效管理平台是公共管理中一项崭新的研究议题,其关键在于以信息化工具取代传统的手工操作,创新绩效评估指标,完善绩效评估过程,精确反映绩效评估结果。电子绩效管理的出现蕴含了当代公共行政的重要变革与公共服务范围的扩展,本文依据电子绩效管理的应有含义,检视实际案例,分析实践中电子政务与政府绩效评估的契合程度,并评价电子绩效管理平台的实际效用与推广价值,揭示电子绩效管理在实践中的良好应用前景以及有待深入完善的领域。     

新奥尔良飓风灾难应对失当的成因剖析

举世瞩目的新奥尔良飓风灾难及随后问题百出的救援过程,折射出公共管理和城市管理过程中仍存在许多值得政府管理工作者高度重视的问题。本文从城市管理、危机管理和公共管理的角度对导致这次灾难加深加重的原因进行剖析,特别探讨了城市规划失误、财政专项资金挪用、危机预警意识薄弱、行政效率低下、忽视弱势群体以及政府间关系协调失当等原因。最后,本文强调了新奥尔良飓风灾难这一典型案例对中国的城市管理和危机管理的借鉴意义。     

公民社会的兴起对政策制定的影响

改革开放以来,随着国家与社会关系的调整和社会主义市场经济体制的建立,中国公民社会开始兴起。公民越来越多地借助于各种民间组织进入公共政策制定过程,影响政府的政策导向。公民社会的兴起提升了公民的参与意识,扩大了公民参与政策的范围,促进了政府政策制定模式转换和多元互动政策主体的出现。同时,公民社会的兴起也加剧了政策制定过程中的利益博弈,给政府的政策合意带来困难。     

地方政府利益调整的角色重构与制度创新——从“市管县”体制到以分权为特征的“扩权强县”改革

"扩权强县"改革在实现了市县双重解放之后,引发了利益调整与角色重构等多方面的深层问题。本文认为,解决这些问题必须跳出"扩权"思维,建立"分权"基础,在政治、经济、管理、行政、伦理、法律层面上界定改革的价值取向,并通过制定战略目标、加强政治意愿和协作、强化问责制度、确保地方财源、合理分配事务性项目、确保因地制宜等措施促进改革的成功。     

危机预警中的政府信息管理与调控——基于人口安全预警系统的研究

对预警信息的科学调控能够有效提升危机预警工作质量。本文以人口安全预警系统为例,建构了预警系统参与要素协作模型和预警临界值选择模型。在此基础上,从信息要素与信息流角度分析了预警系统的整体构成、要素协作机制与信号表达机制,并进而反思了危机预警中的政府信息管理角色和信息调控模式,提出了提升预警预测精度和时间效率的途径与方法。     

住房公积金制度对公务员住房消费的支持作用分析

本文提出,住房公积金制度对公务员住房消费具有促进住房消费资金的自我积累、实现住房消费互助、提供实现住房平滑消费的低成本信用工具、供给政策与商业性个人住房消费贷款组合产品、丰富住房分配货币化和住房保障途径等重要作用,并对这些作用的重要性进行了分析,以期为做好公务员的住房公积金管理工作提供理论依据。     

政策过程理论的多维分析——以广州市“禁摩”政策为例

政策过程理论作为一种中层理论或中观理论在整个政策科学中占有重要的地位。本文以广州市的"禁摩"政策为个案,在厘清本土概念、掌握"禁摩"政策具体过程的基础上,是用这三种理论对该省会城市的"禁摩"政策过程进行逐一解读,并分别阐述三种理论的利与弊,并探讨我国政策过程理论的本土化特征与未来发展方向。     

Contextual Factors Influencing Collaboration Levels and Outcomes in National Forest Stewardship Contracting

The number of policies promoting collaborative processes in national forest management has increased considerably over the past decade but do mandates alone increase the levels of collaboration in national forest management? Collaborative governance literature identifies the importance of the situational context for the emergence and performance of collaboration but does not identify the role of specific attributes and processes. This article presents a comparative case‐study analysis of factors influencing levels of collaboration in USDA Forest Service stewardship contracting processes. Incorporating concepts from the collaborative governance literature and Institutional Analysis and Development framework we found policy and administrative guidance alone will not increase the use of collaborative processes associated with stewardship contracts. A combination of existing agency‐community planning efforts, leadership, and agency support were essential for collaboration to materialize. Top‐down policy direction meant to increase the use of collaboration to achieve natural resource management objectives must incorporate opportunities to establish these conditions.     

Ethnonational identity,security and the implosion of Yugoslavia: the case of Montenegro and the relationship with Serbia

For 60 years, the international community has limited the right of territories to gain independence without the permission of the “parent state.” Such limits were, however, challenged when Kosovo unilaterally declared independence from Serbia, in February 2008. As a result, Belgrade referred the matter to the International Court of Justice (ICJ). On 22 July 2010, it came back with its long-awaited decision. Taking a narrow view of the question, the majority argued that, in general, declarations of independence, as mere statements, do not violate international law unless stated otherwise by the Security Council. Thus, Kosovo's declaration of independence cannot be considered as being wholly “unique” – as those states that supported its statehood have claimed. On the key questions of whether Kosovo's secession is legal, or if it is even a state, they chose to avoid controversy. On these points, the international community is no clearer now than it was before the case.