美国语境中的“法律人思维”

"像法律人一样思维"的论题不仅涉及到法律思维的种种基本问题,也与法律教育教学的内容和方法直接相关。但是,对它的理解却众说纷纭。法律人思维不是一种独立的思维类型,而是在特殊目的(权利与义务的确定)、制度化程序(程序规则)约束之下,于对抗性对话框架中(说服性对话)构建、分析、批判法律论证的思考活动。其基本特征是,针对一个法律主张,构建和表达合情理的论证,以获得一个合乎自己预期的法律裁决;它的核心是发现、分析和评价理由。     

无独立请求权第三人的诉讼地位

无独立请求权第三人是诉讼当事人。我国民事诉讼法关于无独立请求权第三人的立法规定存在着内在冲突,在理论和实务上产生了诸多令人困惑的问题,立法应明确无独立请求权第三人的诉讼当事人地位。当事人申请参加是无独立请求权第三人参加诉讼的适当方式,法院依职权追加和通知无独立请求权第三人参加诉讼,是超越司法被动性原则的体现,立法上应取消这一规定。     

Sequential lineup presentation: Patterns and policy

Sequential lineups were offered as an alternative to the traditional simultaneous lineup. Sequential lineups reduce incorrect lineup selections; however, the accompanying loss of correct identifications has resulted in controversy regarding adoption of the technique. We discuss the procedure and research relevant to (1) the pattern of results found using sequential versus simultaneous lineups; (2) reasons (theory) for differences in witness responses; (3) two methodological issues; and (4) implications for policy decisions regarding the adoption of sequential lineups.     

The relationship between job status,interviewing experience,gender, and police officers' adherence to open‐ended questions

Purpose. The current study examined whether several factors related to the job and demographic profile of police officers are associated with adherence to best‐practice guidelines when interviewing children. Method. One hundred and seventy‐eight police officers completed a standardized (simulated) interview regarding an allegation of abuse by a 5‐year‐old child. Immediately prior to this interview, details were obtained from the officers' regarding their job status, gender, interview experience, the timing and nature of prior training/supervision, and experience outside the policing profession with young children. Results. The results showed that timing of training was the only factor that related to interview performance. The proportion of open‐ended questions among participants who completed their interviewer training course less than 1 month prior to the simulated interview was better than those who completed the training earlier. Interestingly, the performance of the latter group was identical to that of a group of participants who had not yet received any formal interview training. The implications of the findings are discussed, along with directions for future research.     

唐宋时期政府商业政策的变化

唐宋处于中国封建文明史的转型时期,包括封建经济在内的社会生活的各个方面都发生了前所未有的深刻变化.与繁荣兴旺的商品经济相适应,唐宋政府的商业政策亦随之进行了调整.概而言之,主要是由专卖榷利制度向注重征商转变,商税逐渐制度化、规范化,扶商政策出现并付诸实施.     

论现代埃及女权运动的兴起

20世纪早期,埃及伊斯兰改革主义和民族主义推动了女权运动的兴起,伊斯兰传统文化制约着女权主义的内涵,第一代女权主义者的才智和奋斗精神,推动着埃及社会的进步.     

侵权冲突法一般规则之确立——基于罗马Ⅱ与中国侵权冲突法的对比分析

2007年欧盟《非合同之债法律适用条例》(罗马Ⅱ)是侵权冲突法立法的典范。罗马Ⅱ洋溢着平衡与理性的精神,但关键处亦偏袒欧盟国家的利益需要。中国侵权冲突法已经严重滞后于时代。对比罗马Ⅱ与中国侵权冲突法的一般规则,指陈各自的利弊得失,揭示各自所需服务的特殊法律政策,探索侵权行为地法、共同住所地法、最密切联系原则和意思自治这四大系属公式在侵权冲突法的一般规则中的最佳结合方式,有助于我国在当下的国际私法立法中构建科学合理的侵权冲突法的一般规则。     

益气活血方对气虚血瘀证脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠Fas、FasL蛋白表达的影响

目的：探讨益气活血方对气虚血瘀证局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠Fas、FasL蛋白表达的影响。方法：采用气虚血瘀证局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型，用线栓法阻塞大鼠大脑中动脉复制局部脑缺血再灌注模型，缺血2h后再灌注l，3，7d。用免疫组化染色法分别检测缺血皮质Fas、FasL蛋白表达。结果：与模型组比较。益气活血方组Fas、FasL蛋白表达显降低。结论：益气活血方可能通过抑制Fas、FasL蛋白表达，减轻气虚血瘀证局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤。