Brainstem changes in death from head injury

The cortex and brainstem changes in death from head injury were observed. There were hemorrhage, edema and neuron necrosis in brain injury group, and also in disputed group of brainstem injury.     

Evaluation of anti-muscle actin monoclonal antibody HHF35 in the diagnosis of early myocardial infarction

In order to explore the specificity of anti-muscle actin monoclonal antibody HHF35 in the postmortem diagnosis of early myocardial infarction, the changes of HHF35 staining in the infarcted myocardia and other non-infarcted myocardia with direct or indirect myocardial injury were studied with immunohistochemical S-P method. The results showed that the loss of HHF35 staining of different degrees was found in the infarcted myocardia, but also in the other non-infarcted myocardia with direct or indirect myocardial injury, such as cardiac contusion, myocarditis, hemorrhagic shock, electrocution, mechanical asphyxia. So it should be cautious in diagnosing early myocardial infarction with HHF35 immunohistochemistry.     

PCR-based DNA analysis of vWA31A,TH01, F13A01, FESFPS,TPOX and CSF1PO

The allele and genotype frequencies of 6 tetranucleotide STR loci were investigated in a sample of 132 unrelated individuals from Chinese Han population. The PCR products were analyzed on 6% denaturing PAGE and detected using fluorescently labeled primers in an automated 377 sequencer(PE). All loci meet Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There was no random association of alleles among the 6 loci. The allele frequencies were compared with other population databases. Except locus vWA31A, the observed heterozygosity at other 5 loci was significantly lower than that reported in Caucasian and Black population studies. The calculated DP = 0.99999, PE = 0.9708, pM = 1.059 x 10(-5). The allelic frequency data can be used in forensic identification and paternity testing.     

迟发性外伤性脑内血肿脑组织病理形态学研究

运用组织病理学HE染色和Mallory染色,观察迟发性外伤性脑内血肿的病理学改变并探讨其发生机理。结果显示,迟发性外伤性脑内血肿伴有陈旧性脑挫伤、外伤性血管壁坏死及血管炎、挫伤灶或血管壁多发散在钙化,陈旧病灶有纤维包裹、胶质细胞增生和反应性肥大,但无创伤性脑脓肿形成。脑挫伤和外伤性脑内血管病变是脑出血的重要病理学基础,是迟发性外伤性脑内血肿的主要原因。     

Further characterization and population data for the pentanucleotide STR polymorphism D10S2325.

Pentanucleotide tandem repeat markers are interesting for forensic sciences, because they may present less stutter on the electrophoretic pattern. We focused on the analysis of the DNA sequence for each allele at the pentanucleotide STR locus D10S2325 in order to understand their structures in the human genome and to construct human allelic ladder, which is necessary for forensic DNA typing. In order to evaluate the forensic applicability of D10S2325 and to construct a preliminary database, the genotype distributions and allele frequencies in three major ethnic groups were investigated. The population samples included Caucasians (Germans), Africans (African Americans), and Asians (Chinese). A total of 520 samples from unrelated individuals was analyzed by Amp-FLP. An example of each allele and new alleles were sequenced. Allele determination was carried out by comparison with a sequenced human allelic ladder made in-house. This pentanucleotide STR provided easily interpretable results. A total of 15 alleles was found in our population samples. Three new alleles were observed and named as alleles 19 and 21 based on the number of repeat motifs, while allele 19 can be divided further into two alleles, 19a and 19 according to analysis of the sequence. No evidence of deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed. In 64 confirmed father/mother/child triplets no mutation event was observed. Using a maximum likelihood method, the mutation rate was indirectly estimated as 2.5 x 10(-5). These results suggest that D10S2325 is a useful marker for forensic casework and paternity analysis.     

Establishing Likelihood Ratios for Patterned Garment Comparisons from Seam Measurement Data,

It is often challenging to ascribe an objective measure of confidence for identifications based on surveillance imagery from a crime scene. The present work seeks to address this deficiency in the case of garment comparison evidence by developing a quantitative method for establishing a conservative lower bound on the likelihood ratio (LR) for identifications involving patterned garments. The method is based on statistical analysis of pattern offset measurements taken from a sample of garments of the same type (manufacturer, style, and size) as the seized evidence. The developed analysis framework was demonstrated on different types of garments over a range of modeled surveillance imaging scenarios with variable image quality; the lower bounds on the LRs ranged from approximately 10–1 to over 400–1. The statistical model was tested and validated through a large‐scale empirical study involving both simulated and human observer‐performed garment comparisons.