浅析庄子的"物化"思想

庄子认为,作为自然的存在者,人一出生就在现实的囚笼中挣扎,人类超越这一困境的坦途,即“物化”。“物化”的本质也就是人与物、人与道这两个层次之间的互动关系,通过这种互动,达到“心斋”和“坐忘”,只有这样才能摆脱工具理性的桎梏。     

Is full better than half? Examining the longitudinal effects of full‐day kindergarten attendance

Kindergarten policy varies widely both across and within states. Over the past decade, a number of states have instituted a full‐day kindergarten requirement and others are considering it as a way to increase educational achievement. Many parents also support full‐day kindergarten as a source of child care. This paper uses the Early Child Longitudinal Study–Kindergarten Class of 1998–1999 to evaluate the efficacy of this policy. In ordinary least squares, probit, county fixed effects, and instrumental variables models, we find that there are initial benefits for students and the mothers of students who attend full‐day kindergarten, but that these differences largely evaporate by third grade. Contrary to claims by some advocates, attending full‐day kindergarten is found to have no additional benefit for students in families with income below the poverty threshold. © 2006 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management     

组织动员与持续发展——韩国新村运动中的新村协议会

韩国新村运动问题的研究已经成为我国政府和研究界关注的热点问题。很多研究者分析了韩国政府在新村运动中的主导作用。但是,韩国政府在新村运动的作用不能夸大。韩国新村运动取得成绩更多是依靠村民的参与,特别是立足于农村地区发展的地方性团体—新村协议会发挥着重要的作用。新村协议会在经济发展、产业规划、资金支持、公共工程、生活设施改善等方面起着主导性作用。政府发挥作用主要体现在政策规划、项目启动、资金提供、法律保障、信息和知识服务等方面。而新村协议会则在项目执行、组织动员、管理指导和精神重建中发挥着重要作用。如何组织和动员村民参与是我国新农村建设的关键问题。     

文化对话:全球化时代的生存智慧

从文化角度看,全球化是一个矛盾体系,是整合与碎裂、一体化与分离化、世界化与本土化的张力场。全球化时代文化多元化是必要的,但推到极端刻意强调文化本土化、文化民族主义及发展为文化沙文主义、文化原教旨主义,将导致文化的矛盾、对立与冲突,影响人类社会的和平与发展,甚至将脆弱的地球村推向崩溃的边缘。因此,在全球化时代,展开不同文化间的沟通与对话,消除偏见与冲突.是21世纪地球村公民生存发展的智慧选择。     

与时俱进丰富党的先进性的时代内涵

中国共产党已有85年的历史了.85年来,中国共产党从一个处于秘密活动状态的、地下的、"非法"的小党,成为一个执政50多年、领导水平和执政水平不断得到提高的大党,执政业绩举世公认.党发展壮大的原因固然是多方面的,但重要因素之一,就是以与时俱进的精神,推动党的建设和各项工作,保持党的先进性.     

Spatial variation of refractive index in a pane of float glass.

In the statistical interpretation of forensic glass evidence it is standard practice to make the assumption of homogeneity of the refractive index (RI) of the source glass, or of localized homogeneity. However, the work of Locke and Hayes showed that, for toughened windscreen glass, this assumption might not be true. This work is well cited, but there appears to have been little follow-on published research. Furthermore, the toughening process is something known to affect the refractive index, and is a process that float glass does not undergo. Float glass is a major component of casework in New Zealand and for that reason it would be interesting to know whether the findings of Locke and Hayes apply when dealing with float glass. In this paper we describe an experiment similar to that of Locke and Hayes, systematically examining the variation of RI in a pane of float window glass. It was found that, although there were no systematic differences in refractive index, there were observable differences across the pane.     

System Change through Collaboration…Eight Steps for Getting from There to Here

Family courts and child welfare agencies across the country are charged with protecting the safety of our children. That mission has become more challenging with increasing federal legislation and decreasing funding. In Buffalo, N.Y., the Family Court and the Department of Social Services have teamed up to respond to this challenge. With minimal additional staffing and resources, they have led a collaboration of agencies and service providers to change the way business is done in child welfare. By engaging each other in an interagency system change effort, the amount of time children spend in foster care has been reduced. The collaboration has been able to accomplish in a relatively short time what no agency had previously been able to accomplish on its own. The beneficiaries have been the children and families of Erie County.     

Driving less for better air: Impacts of a public information campaign

In the wake of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act, localities across the United States initiated public information campaigns both to raise awareness of threats to air quality and to change behavior related to air pollution by recommending specific behavioral changes in the campaign messages. These campaigns are designed to reduce the health hazards associated with poor air quality and to avoid federal sanctions resulting from the failure to meet air quality standards. As in many other communities across the country, a coalition of government agencies and businesses initiated a public information campaign in the Atlanta metropolitan region to reduce certain targeted behaviors, mainly driving. A two‐stage model used to analyze data from a rolling sample survey shows that the centerpiece of the information campaign—air quality alerts—was effective in raising awareness and reducing driving in a segment of the population. When the overall information campaign was moderated by employers' participation in programs to improve air quality, drivers significantly reduced the number of miles they drove and the number of trips they took by car on days when air quality alerts were sounded. Public information campaigns can be successful in increasing awareness, but changing well‐established behaviors, such as driving, is likely to require institutional mediation to provide social contexts that support the behavioral change, as well. © 2003 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.