全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16958篇 |
免费 | 454篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 807篇 |
工人农民 | 661篇 |
世界政治 | 1115篇 |
外交国际关系 | 542篇 |
法律 | 10537篇 |
中国政治 | 103篇 |
政治理论 | 3511篇 |
综合类 | 136篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 169篇 |
2019年 | 233篇 |
2018年 | 296篇 |
2017年 | 347篇 |
2016年 | 351篇 |
2015年 | 260篇 |
2014年 | 308篇 |
2013年 | 1650篇 |
2012年 | 349篇 |
2011年 | 404篇 |
2010年 | 345篇 |
2009年 | 391篇 |
2008年 | 418篇 |
2007年 | 439篇 |
2006年 | 432篇 |
2005年 | 384篇 |
2004年 | 363篇 |
2003年 | 393篇 |
2002年 | 358篇 |
2001年 | 657篇 |
2000年 | 567篇 |
1999年 | 483篇 |
1998年 | 247篇 |
1997年 | 198篇 |
1996年 | 200篇 |
1995年 | 192篇 |
1994年 | 202篇 |
1993年 | 197篇 |
1992年 | 334篇 |
1991年 | 382篇 |
1990年 | 366篇 |
1989年 | 372篇 |
1988年 | 359篇 |
1987年 | 366篇 |
1986年 | 402篇 |
1985年 | 387篇 |
1984年 | 345篇 |
1983年 | 321篇 |
1982年 | 219篇 |
1981年 | 211篇 |
1980年 | 176篇 |
1979年 | 262篇 |
1978年 | 169篇 |
1977年 | 174篇 |
1976年 | 146篇 |
1975年 | 145篇 |
1974年 | 170篇 |
1973年 | 159篇 |
1972年 | 128篇 |
1971年 | 116篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
941.
The present study investigated the effect on witness confidence and accuracy of confusing questions often used by attorneys in court. Participants viewed a videotaped film and were individually questioned about the incident 1 week later. Half the participants were asked questions using six categories of confusing questions (negatives, double negatives, leading, multiple questions, complex syntax, and complex vocabulary); the remaining half were asked for the same information using simply phrased equivalents. Confusing questions reduced participant-witnesses' accuracy and suppressed confidence–accuracy relationships compared with the condition where simplified alternatives were asked. Witness performance was impaired by the fact that mock-witnesses rarely asked for a confusing question to be explained or qualified their answers. This experiment demonstrates the importance of ensuring that lawyers ask witnesses simple, clear, questions. 相似文献
942.
943.
Scott R 《Oxford Journal of Legal Studies》2000,20(3):407-436
Although a pregnant woman can now refuse any medical treatment needed by the fetus, the Court of Appeal has acknowledged that ethical dilemmas remain, adverting to the inappropriateness of legal compulsion of presumed moral duties in this context. This leaves the impression of an uncomfortable split between the ethics and the law. The notion of a pregnant woman refusing medical treatment needed by the fetus is troubling and it helps little simply to assert that she has a legal right to do so. At the same time, the idea that a pregnant woman fails in her moral duty unless she accepts any recommended treatment or surgery--however great the burden--is also not without difficulty. This article seeks to find a way between these two somewhat polarized positions by arguing that, instead of being a question primarily about whether legally to enforce moral obligations, the 'maternal-fetal conflict' begins with previously unrecognized difficulties in determining when a woman's prima facie moral rights invoked in the treatment context should 'give way' to the interests of the fetus. This difficulty is mirrored within the law. Thus, how can we tell when a pregnant woman has the moral or legal duty to submit to a caesarean section? Seen in this way, the conflict is a problem which lies at the interface between moral and legal rights and duties, showing that there are important conceptual links between the ethics and the law. Against this background, this article explores the limits of a pregnant woman's right to bodily integrity by focusing upon the idea of her moral duty to aid the fetus through her body. Here we find difficulties in determining the existence and extent of this somewhat extraordinary duty. Such a duty is contrasted with both negative and positive duties toward others in the course of 'general conduct.' Attention to the social context of pregnancy and the refusal of treatment within this is also instructive. Overall, the purpose is to foster understanding and acceptance of the current legal position. 相似文献
944.
Truth,Lies, and Videotape: An Investigation of the Ability of Federal Parole Officers to Detect Deception 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The ability of a group of Canadian federal parole officers to detect deception was investigated over the course of 2 days of lie detection training. On the first day of training, 32 officers judged the honesty of 12 (6 true, 6 fabricated) videotaped speakers describing personal experiences, half of which were judged before and half judged after training. On the second day, 5 weeks later, 20 of the original participants judged the honesty of another 12 videotapes (again, 6 pre- and 6 posttraining). To isolate factors relating to detection accuracy, three groups of undergraduate participants made judgments on the same 24 videotapes: (1) a feedback group, which received feedback on accuracy following each judgment, (2) a feedback + cue information group, which was given feedback and information on empirically based cues to deception, and (3) a control group, which did not receive feedback or cue information. Results indicated that at baseline all groups performed at or below chance levels. However, overall, all experimental groups (including the parole officers) became significantly better at detecting deception than the control group. By the final set of judgments, the parole officers were significantly more accurate (M = 76.7%) than their baseline performance (M = 40.4%) as well as significantly more accurate than the control group (M = 62.5%). The results indicate that detecting deceit is difficult, but training and feedback can enhance detection skills. 相似文献
945.
Stereolithography is a computer-mediated method that can be used to quickly create anatomically correct three-dimensional epoxy and acrylic resin models from various types of medical data. Multiple imaging modalities can be exploited, including computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The technology was first developed and used in 1986 to overcome limitations in previous computer-aided manufacturing/milling techniques. Stereolithography is presently used to accurately reproduce both the external and internal anatomy of body structures. Current medical uses of stereolithography include preoperative planning of orthopedic and maxillofacial surgeries, the fabrication of custom prosthetic devices; and the assessment of the degree of bony and soft-tissue injury caused by trauma. We propose that there is a useful, as yet untapped, potential for this technology in forensic medicine. 相似文献
946.
Gruszecki AC Robinson CA Embry JH Davis GG 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2000,21(2):166-171
Hair samples are useful as a matrix for drug testing because drugs can be detected in hair for longer periods than in blood or urine. The authors report a prospective comparison of the detection of cocaine and cocaethylene in routine postmortem biologic specimens to the detection of cocaine and cocaethylene in hair. The authors collected hair samples from various areas of the head in 53 autopsy cases, prepared them, and analyzed them by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for cocaine and cocaethylene. The authors compared the results of hair analysis with the results of toxicologic analysis performed on routine postmortem samples by enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique and GC/MS. Cocaine was found in either biologic fluids or in hair in 16 of 53 samples tested. Nine samples were positive for cocaine in both biologic fluids and hair. Five samples contained cocaine only in biologic fluids, and two contained cocaine only in hair. Cocaethylene was present in two cases. Drug screening of hair provides additional information in some autopsy cases, but the authors have not made hair analysis a routine practice. It may prove useful to save hair samples in all cases for later analysis if warranted by additional history or autopsy findings. 相似文献
947.
Siebert CF Thogmartin JR 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2000,21(3):210-212
Mental health facilities are occasionally confronted with patients who display destructive or disruptive behaviors requiring physical restraint. Under these circumstances, restraint can be associated with death. This case report describes two fatalities associated with physical restraint applied by staff members at mental health facilities. 相似文献
948.
949.
950.
Steadman HJ Silver E Monahan J Appelbaum PS Robbins PC Mulvey EP Grisso T Roth LH Banks S 《Law and human behavior》2000,24(1):83-100
Since the 1970s, a wide body of research has suggested that the accuracy of clinical risk assessments of violence might be increased if clinicians used actuarial tools. Despite considerable progress in recent years in the development of such tools for violence risk assessment, they remain primarily research instruments, largely ignored in daily clinical practice. We argue that because most existing actuarial tools are based on a main effects regression approach, they do not adequately reflect the contingent nature of the clinical assessment processes. To enhance the use of actuarial violence risk assessment tools, we propose a classification tree rather than a main effects regression approach. In addition, we suggest that by employing two decision thresholds for identifying high- and low-risk cases--instead of the standard single threshold--the use of actuarial tools to make dichotomous risk classification decisions may be further enhanced. These claims are supported with empirical data from the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Study. 相似文献