全文获取类型
收费全文 | 26683篇 |
免费 | 1337篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 1109篇 |
工人农民 | 1155篇 |
世界政治 | 1822篇 |
外交国际关系 | 829篇 |
法律 | 17579篇 |
中国共产党 | 2篇 |
中国政治 | 167篇 |
政治理论 | 5181篇 |
综合类 | 176篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 127篇 |
2020年 | 494篇 |
2019年 | 569篇 |
2018年 | 728篇 |
2017年 | 763篇 |
2016年 | 833篇 |
2015年 | 633篇 |
2014年 | 690篇 |
2013年 | 2693篇 |
2012年 | 665篇 |
2011年 | 738篇 |
2010年 | 708篇 |
2009年 | 757篇 |
2008年 | 738篇 |
2007年 | 736篇 |
2006年 | 750篇 |
2005年 | 658篇 |
2004年 | 643篇 |
2003年 | 564篇 |
2002年 | 608篇 |
2001年 | 998篇 |
2000年 | 899篇 |
1999年 | 711篇 |
1998年 | 390篇 |
1997年 | 289篇 |
1996年 | 317篇 |
1995年 | 312篇 |
1994年 | 301篇 |
1993年 | 306篇 |
1992年 | 496篇 |
1991年 | 520篇 |
1990年 | 494篇 |
1989年 | 497篇 |
1988年 | 499篇 |
1987年 | 456篇 |
1986年 | 544篇 |
1985年 | 541篇 |
1984年 | 441篇 |
1983年 | 424篇 |
1982年 | 307篇 |
1981年 | 275篇 |
1980年 | 242篇 |
1979年 | 344篇 |
1978年 | 194篇 |
1977年 | 197篇 |
1976年 | 165篇 |
1975年 | 159篇 |
1974年 | 205篇 |
1973年 | 158篇 |
1972年 | 151篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
M. Omar Faruque 《当代亚洲杂志》2019,49(3):410-433
Why do activist groups form alliances and why do some alliances later fall apart? This article asks these questions in the context of a popular mobilisation against resource extraction in Bangladesh. It focuses on the dynamics of a strategic alliance between a locally organised community mobilisation against a British mining company and an urban radical activist group, known for its anti-capitalist activism, to explore the subsequent collapse of the alliance and the demobilisation of one group. Based on the qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with activists and organisational documents, the article probes the underlying causes of rupture. Although several individual and organisational factors are identified, it is argued that Bangladesh’s confrontational political culture and its authoritarian party system played a critical role, with local activists vulnerable to co-optation or being silenced by powerful political actors. The article contributes to social movement scholarship by emphasising that specific political cultures can undermine efforts to build strategic alliances between diverse social movement organisations. 相似文献
942.
943.
Susanne E. Baumgartner Patti M. Valkenburg Jochen Peter 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(10):1226-1239
The main aim of this study was to investigate the causal nature of the relationship between adolescents’ risky sexual behavior
on the internet and their perceptions of this behavior. Engagement in the following online behaviors was assessed: searching
online for someone to talk about sex, searching online for someone to have sex, sending intimate photos or videos to someone
online, and sending one’s telephone number and address to someone exclusively known online. The relationship between these
behaviors and adolescents’ perceptions of peer involvement, personal invulnerability, and risks and benefits was investigated.
A two-wave longitudinal study among a representative sample of 1,445 Dutch adolescents aged 12–17 was conducted (49% females).
Autoregressive cross-lagged structural equation models revealed that perceived peer involvement, perceived vulnerability,
and perceived risks were all significant predictors of risky sexual online behavior 6 months later. No reverse causal paths
were found. When the relationships between perceptions and risky sexual online behavior were modeled simultaneously, only
perceived peer involvement was a determinant of risky sexual online behavior. Findings highlight the importance of addressing
peer involvement in future interventions to reduce adolescents’ risky sexual online behavior. 相似文献
944.
Jennifer Brown Urban Selva Lewin-Bizan Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):783-800
Extracurricular activities provide a key context for youth development, and participation has been linked with positive developmental
outcomes. Using data from the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development (PYD), this study explored how the intentional self
regulation ability of youth interacted with participation in extracurricular activities to affect PYD among adolescents living
in neighborhoods with relatively low ecological assets. In total, 545 youth were included in the study (50.3% female). Most
of the youth were European American (41%) or Latino (37%; African American, 10%; Asian American, 7%; Native American, 4%;
and other, 1%). In general, youth with the greatest capacity to self regulate benefitted the most, as compared to their peers
with less capacity to self regulate, from involvement in extracurricular activities. Consistent with a developmental systems
perspective, and specifically with bioecological theory, the findings from this study confirmed that, within lower asset settings,
children with the most positive person-level factors (intentional self regulation) benefit the most from proximal processes
such as extracurricular activity involvement. 相似文献
945.
Nicole Leeper Piquero Kristan Fox Alex R. Piquero George Capowich Paul Mazerolle 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(4):380-392
Much of the prior work on General Strain Theory (GST) has focused on how strain and negative emotions interrelate to produce
criminal—especially violent—activity. Very little research has extended GST to examine other types of non-criminal, negative
behavior, such as self-harming behaviors associated with disordered eating, a traditionally female-specific self-directed
outcome. Using a sample of 338 young adults (54% female, 95% white), this article applies GST to disordered eating by examining
how strain and negative emotions relate to this particular outcome across gender. Findings indicate that two types of strain
measures predict depressive symptoms among males and females, that inequitable strainful experiences relate to disordered
eating among females but not males, that depressive symptoms but not anger increase disordered eating for both males and females,
and that membership in Greek organizations (sororities or fraternities) is associated with disordered eating but only for
males. Implications for theory and directions for future research are highlighted. 相似文献
946.
Stephanie H. Parade Esther M. Leerkes A. Nayena Blankson 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(2):127-137
The current study examined the process by which attachment to parents influences satisfaction with and ease in forming friendships
at college. One hundred seventy-two female college freshmen completed a measure of parental attachment security the summer
before their first semester of college (July 2006) and measures to assess satisfaction with and ease in forming close relationships
at the end of their first semester (December 2006). Students ranged in age from 18 to 20 years (M = 18.09, SD = 0.33) and were diverse in their racial makeup (30% racial minority). Consistent with predictions derived from
attachment theory, secure attachment to parents was positively associated with ease in forming friendships among racial minority
and white participants and satisfaction with friendships among minority participants. Moreover, indirect effects of parental
attachment security on relationship outcomes through social anxiety were significant for minority participants but not for
white participants. Findings may be useful in the development of retention programs targeted at incoming university freshmen,
particularly minority students. 相似文献
947.
Edmond P. Bowers Yibing Li Megan K. Kiely Aerika Brittian Jacqueline V. Lerner Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):720-735
The understanding of positive development across adolescence rests on having a valid and equivalent measure of this construct across the breadth of this period of life. Does the Positive Youth Development (PYD) construct based on the Five Cs model have satisfactory psychometric properties for such longitudinal measurement invariance? Using longitudinal data derived from the 4-H Study of PYD, we assessed 920 youth (61.6% female) from a racially and ethically diverse sample (67.3% European American) who participated in three waves (Grades 8–10) of data collection. Building on prior findings that the Five Cs (i.e., Competence, Confidence, Connection, Character, and Caring) model of PYD was a robust measure that could be assessed comparably during early adolescence, we tested a hierarchy of second-order confirmatory factor analysis models to assess the extent to which PYD can be measured equivalently across middle adolescence. Evidence was found for strict measurement invariance across three measurement occasions, including equivalence of first-order and second-order factor loadings, equality of intercepts of observed variables, and equality of item uniqueness and disturbances of the first-order factors. These results suggest that PYD can be measured in the same way across measurement occasions, a prerequisite for the study of development. Implications for research and application of being able to measure PYD equivalently across adolescence are discussed. 相似文献
948.
Using a risk and resiliency theoretical framework, the association between interparental conflict and academic achievement
was examined. The sample consisted of 2,297 6th grade youth with a mean age of 11.92. Participants were mostly European American
(81.8%) and 52% were girls. Results demonstrated that interparental conflict is a risk factor for lower academic achievement,
suggesting that family interactions play a significant role in how youth perform in the academic setting. Youth self-blame
acted as a significant mediator, providing some explanation for how interparental conflict affects academic achievement. Maternal
acceptance and monitoring knowledge partially buffered the association between interparental conflict and youth self-blame.
Additionally, the positive association between interparental conflict and perceived threat was stronger for youth who perceived
relationships with mothers as more supportive, connected, and involved. Results from this study underscore the need for continued
focus on the link between family and school environments with respect to youth developmental outcomes. 相似文献
949.
Steinunn Gestsdottir Edmond Bowers Alexander von Eye Christopher M. Napolitano Richard M. Lerner 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(7):764-782
Intentional self regulation describes how people make choices, plan actions to reach their goals, and regulate the execution
of their actions, making processes of intentional self regulation central to healthy human functioning. Prior research has
confirmed the presence of three processes of intentional self regulation—elective selection (ES), optimization (O), and compensation
(C)—in middle adolescence (Grades 8 through 10) and concurrent and predictive relationships with measures of Positive Youth
Development (PYD). A fourth process, loss-based selection (LBS), should also develop by the end of middle adolescence. The
present study used data from the 4-H Study of PYD to confirm the presence of a four-scale structure of intentional self regulation
(ES, O, C, and LBS) in a sample of 2,357 racially diverse Grade 10 youth (63% female) and examine its covariation with indicators
of positive and problematic development. Results supported the identification of a four-part structure of intentional self
regulation, and scores covaried positively with indicators of PYD and negatively with substance use, delinquency, and depressive
symptoms. Implications of the findings for the understanding of self-regulatory actions in adolescence and for future research
are discussed. 相似文献
950.
Tracy M. Scull Janis B. Kupersmidt Alison E. Parker Kristen C. Elmore Jessica W. Benson 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(9):981-998
Two cross-sectional studies investigated media influences on adolescents’ substance use and intentions to use substances in
the context of exposure to parental and peer risk and protective factors. A total of 729 middle school students (n = 351, 59% female in Study 1; n = 378, 43% female in Study 2) completed self-report questionnaires. The sample in Study 1 was primarily African-American
(52%) and the sample in Study 2 was primarily Caucasian (63%). Across the two studies, blocks of media-related cognitions
made unique contributions to the prediction of adolescents’ current substance use and intentions to use substances in the
future above and beyond self-reported peer and parental influences. Specifically, identification with and perceived similarity
to media messages were positively associated with adolescents’ current substance use and intentions to use substances in the
future, and critical thinking about media messages and media message deconstruction skills were negatively associated with
adolescents’ intention to use substances in the future. Further, peer influence variables (e.g., peer pressure, social norms,
peer substance use) acted as risk factors, and for the most part, parental influence variables (e.g., parental pressure to
not use, perceived parental reaction) acted as protective factors. These findings highlight the importance of developing an
increased understanding of the role of media messages and media literacy education in the prevention of substance use behaviors
in adolescence. 相似文献