Whose Whales? Developing countries and the right to use whales by non‐lethal means

Abstract

While the clash between whaling and anti‐whaling interests in international fora, especially the International Whaling Commission (IWC), has escalated over the last two decades, very little attention, if any, has been paid to the active participation of developing country representatives and agencies (both governmental and non‐governmental) in the issues surrounding whale conservation, research and sustainable use. The failure to recognize the interests of developing nations in non‐lethal use of whales, as well as their marginalization in the IWC decision‐making process, has contravened their sovereign rights and thwarted efforts to develop a solid consensus on many critical issues.     

中国近代商会的产生及其法律职能

中国商会是在近代中国特定社会情势下诸种因素共同作用的产物,是中国近代经济史上的重大事件。商会本来仅是中国新式商人的民间团体,但实际上承担着诸多本属于官方的司法和行政法律职能,这自然是当时的时代背景所决定的,同时也表明新兴民族资产阶级利用团体力量进行自我保护意识的觉醒。     

良法善治:新时代“中国之治”的价值内蕴及实践路径

法治是我国国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的基本要求和基本方式。党的十九大报告和十九届四中全会都强调“以良法保障善治”。良法是善治的前提与基础,善治是国家治理的价值内蕴和追求。选择良法善治是我国治国理政的客观使然。新时代,我国国家治理必须坚持在党的领导下,不断推进“科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法”,全面推进依法治国,建设法治中国,实现良法善治。     

运动式治理与制度建设:中国改革开放时期经济制度变革的组合拳模式

中国从计划经济向社会主义市场经济的转型面临着制度变革的“双重挑战”:既要建立起全新的与市场经济相适应的制度体系,又要在有效新制度体系尚未就位的情况下保障基本的治理成效。应对“双重挑战”的一种重要方式是“运动式治理加制度建设的组合拳”:一方面,以制度建设为根基,逐步建立适应市场经济的制度体系,从而完成制度体系的本质性变革;另一方面,在缺乏有效的制度体系的情况下,通过运动式治理应对不断出现的现实问题以保障基本的治理绩效。论文对1978年至2012年土地使用制度变革历史过程的实证研究验证了上述的“双重挑战”以及“组合拳模式”的运作机制与现实成效。“运动式治理加制度建设的组合拳模式”能够缓解短期治理压力从而拥有更大试错空间,进而能够通过持续探索与调整寻求切实可行的解决方案,最终成功完成制度变革。     

行政诉讼起诉期限的衔接与适用

【裁判要旨】行政机关在作出行政行为时未告知诉权及起诉期限,起诉期限从知道或应当知道行政行为内容时计算。根据最高人民法院《关于适用行政诉讼法的解释》(以下简称《适用解释》)实施前起诉期限尚未届满的,其起诉期限应截至两年届满之日,或不得超过《适用解释》施行日起重新计算1年的起诉日期。     

The Marquises of Viana: building distinction through the past (1875-1927)

In turn-of-the-century Spain, Teobaldo and José de Saavedra embodied an understanding of an aristocracy with one foot in the past and the other in the present. As holders of a recently created marquisate, their lifestyle exemplified the challenge faced by aristocrats who adopted practices and customs that were alien to them, whilst seeking to preserve elements of distinction they considered inalienable, such as dynastic history and dense family networks. The aim of this paper is to study the process of building aristocratic notability from a non-patrician origin. To this end, the profiles of the first and second Marquises of Viana are explored, paying special attention to their financial situation, social relations – particularly at Court – and a lifestyle steeped in their modern context. A key theme is their attention to art as a symbol of distinction, conceived as an instrument to leverage them to the position of the social elite of which they were becoming members. At the same time, the Marquises of Viana’s careers also reveal clear connections with Europe’s elite as they sought an exclusivity that would set them apart as a social group in a turbulent world.     

Conceptualizing and Explaining Bureauphobia: Contours,Scope, and Determinants

Several studies have described a perspective among citizens that entails a negative image of public administration or civil servants that persists even after positive encounters and experiences. However, this ambivalent attitude has rarely been studied empirically. The authors refer to this attitude as “bureauphobia” and seek to enhance the existing literature through an analysis of its scope and root causes in Spain. The article analyzes two surveys conducted in 2009 and 2010, elaborating two alternative measures of bureauphobia. The results are similar regardless of the survey used and the specific operationalization of the concept: more than 20 percent of each sample exhibits a perspective that combines a negative image of public administration and satisfaction with its performance. A general attitude of distrust stands out among the variables associated with bureauphobia. Substantial regional variation is evident in the extent of the phenomenon.     

从追随民主主义到崇尚共产主义——宋庆龄的思想轨迹探析

宋庆龄为中国人民革命和建设事业做出的不可磨灭的贡献及其特殊的身份和地位,使之成为中国现代史和中共党史研究中必不可少的人物。邓颖超在回忆文章中说:"宋庆龄这个名字象征着自辛亥革命以来,七十年革命的历程。"邓小平在悼词中评价她:"尤其难能可贵的是她紧跟历史的脚步不断前进,从伟大的革命民主主义者成为伟大的共产主义者。"志先生之志,行先生之行是实现转变的前提;这一转变是她始终跟随历史的脚步不断前进的时代感和进步性使然,是理性的选择。     

论检察机关加强和创新社会管理的着力点

检察机关是社会管理创新的重要参与者,同时也是社会管理创新法治化进程的有力推动者和保障者.在社会管理创新工作中,检察机关应当始终坚持法律监督机关的宪法定位,以执法办案为依托,以适度延伸法律监督职能为载体,以改革创新为动力,以健全检察工作机制为保障,通过充分发挥和有效拓展各项检察监督职权,促进社会管理水平不断提升.