Exchange rate volatility in high inflation economies: An econometric study of Poland and Brazil

This paper analyses exchange rate series for Poland and Brazil. The Polish series, related to the period soon after the first liberalizing measures, presents a high volatility which is not accounted for by some selected ‘fundamentals’. The Brazilian series, though also keeping evidence of excessive volatility, is cointegrated with fundamentals similar to those of the Polish case. This raises the issue of a learning process taking place during persistent inflations. Unsuccessful one-shot stabilization plans can reinforce this process, leaving a lasting imprint in the excessive volatility pattern. The message seems clear, though maybe not easy to implement: agents take some time to learn to live in non-stable environments; to avoid this by one-shot measures — if unsuccessful — can have a very high cost and pre-empt future corrections.     

儿童及青少年组损伤特点分析

儿童及青少年遭受意外事件和暴力事伤害的现象日益突出，本文对１５６例２～１７岁涉及诉讼的未成年人法医学鉴定案例进行回顾性研究，结果表明：３月、４月、８月、１２月四个月发案率偏高，每天下午４点前后最易发生伤害案件；损伤部位以头面部最多见，损伤类型以软组织损伤最多；案发地点于儿童组以住家及其周围场所、学校或幼儿园居多，于青少年则以公共场所居多；加害人多为熟人，包括同学、邻居，青少年受陌生人攻击明显增多，儿童遭受意外事件多，受故意伤害的少，青少年组则刚好相反。同时，作者讨论时还指出，我国目前存在虐待儿童和忽视儿童的现象，以后者更为普遍，这种消极不作为的侵害未成年人权益的现象在司法实践中应引起重视。     

Cerebellar agenesis in a suicide

A case of a suicidal death associated with autopsy findings of right cerebellar and vermian agenesis is described. A review of the literature points out the various recurrence of agenesis, symptoms, and the likelihood of motor deficits. The singular coexistence of only behavioral and intellectual deficiency with suicidal inclination in an adult man with partial cerebellar agenesis is discussed.     

State Livelihood Planning and Legibility in Vietnam’s Northern Borderlands: The “Rightful Criticisms” of Local Officials

Macro-level policies frequently transform and reconfigure local livelihood options. While there is a small but growing body of ethnographic work regarding ethnic minority livelihoods in Vietnam’s mountainous borderlands, there is far less research examining the state decrees and policies implemented there and the opinions of state workers who have to apply them. This article starts to address this gap. First, we examine contemporary Vietnamese state legislation regarding upland livelihoods. We focus on the directions found in 82 livelihood-related state decrees, examining their scope and edicts while critiquing what they overlook regarding upland livelihood needs and approaches. Then, from in-depth interviews with state officials in Hà Giang Province, a mountainous upland region with a proportionately large ethnic minority population, we explore the opinions of those charged with the implementation of these decrees. Building on O’Brien’s earlier work on rightful resistance in China, we suggest that a form of “rightful criticism” has emerged among upland state officials, allowing us to reveal the contours of political power in Vietnam’s borderlands. Moreover, we draw attention to the lack of acknowledgement of ethnic diversity in these uplands within policy and official practice.     

Blunt Craniofacial Trauma as a Manifestation of Excited Delirium Caused by New Psychoactive Substances

The body of a 19‐year‐old male was found apparently concealed underneath bushes with recent head and facial trauma, and multiple superficial abrasions. Subsequently, it was discovered that the decedent had been running into objects and buildings following the ingestion the evening before of what was thought to be lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Blood staining of a nearby wall close to where the body was lying was in keeping with the described behavior. Toxicology revealed 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy), in addition to two only recently available drugs 2‐(4‐bromo‐2,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐N‐[(2‐methoxyphenyl)methyl]ethanamine, (25B‐NBOMe), and 1‐(3,4‐methylenedioxyphenyl)‐2‐(1‐pyrrolidinyl)‐1‐butanone, (MDPBP). At autopsy, the skull was fractured with cerebral swelling, contusions, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Death was due to blunt cranial trauma against a background of mixed drug toxicity. The case demonstrates a rare cause of death in a drug‐induced acute delirium, as well as highlighting two new designer street drugs that may result in significant aberrant behavior.     

How management team composition affects academic spin-offs’ entrepreneurial orientation: the mediating role of conflict

This research has been designed with the purpose of analysing the influence of both the composition of academic spin-offs’ management teams and the potential conflict emerged within such teams on the degree of entrepreneurial orientation exhibited by academic spin-offs. To this end, we have used the upper echelon theory as theoretical background and have analysed the impact of the proportion of non-academic managers within management teams, the heterogeneity of such teams with respect to the age and main educational area of their managers, as well as the potential mediating role of the conflict emerged. Drawing on a database of 167 Spanish academic spin-offs, results show, on the one hand, that the presence of non-academic managers within management teams is a key factor in the academic spin-offs' exhibitions of higher levels of entrepreneurial orientation and, on the other hand, that conflict fully mediates the relationship between management teams' age heterogeneity and entrepreneurial orientation.     

中国内地证券投资基金法律性质的探讨——与香港单位信托的比较研究

<正> 1997年11月14日国务院证券委员会颁布了《证券投资基金管理暂行办法》(以下简称“《管理办法》”),以法律形式确认了基金这一具有广阔投资环境,有高度套现能力,可分散投资风险,减少投资手续与时间,并有由证券投资专业机构支持的投资手段。《管理办法》对于更好地运用中国内地高额个人储蓄存款可起到积极作用。但是毕竟证券投资基金在中国内地法律上是一个崭新的概念,其法律性质有待研究,本文仅从与香港单位信托比较的角度,对此作初步探讨。