Electoral alliances: Party identities and coalition games

Abstract The emergence of electoral alliances competing for plurality seats has been one of the main consequences stemming form the introduction of the new electoral laws for the Senate and the Chamber of deputies in Italy. This paper analyzes the politics of electoral alliances at the general elections of April 1996, focusing on two factors: the making of electoral alliances and their internal arrangements for coalition management. From both points of view, the elections have shown some important new developments, including a simplification in the number of coalitions. But although the centre–left alliance was able to broaden its range, the centre–right lost the Lega Nord and suffered the split of Movimento sociale–Fiamma tricolore on its right. Moreover, the centre–right alliance also suffered from a lack of cohesion, wasting its previous coalitional capability. As in the 1994 elections the politics of electoral alliances proved to be a key factor in the electoral competition.     

《海洋发展与国际法——海洋事务杂志》

<正> 上面几篇都是译自《海洋发展与国际法——海洋事务杂志》(Ocean Development andInternational Law:The Journal of Marine Affairs),第七卷第一、二期合刊。这个杂志是少数几个专门有关海洋法的期刊之一。主编是美国西雅图的华盛顿大学法学院国际法教授柏克斯(William T.Burke)。现在已经出版第七卷。第七卷第一、二期合刊是以拉丁美洲和非洲对海洋法的影响为主题的,编者是美国克雷     

Book reviews

The Partition of the Steppe. The Struggle of the Russians, Manchus, and the Zunghar Mongols for Empire in Central Asia, 1619–1758: A Study in Power Politics Fred W. Bergholz New York: Peter Lang, 1993, vi + 522 pp, hardcover

On Secret Service East of Constantinople: the plot to bring down the British Empire Peter Hopkirk London: John Murray, 1994. xvi, 431 pp. illus., £19.99

The Soviet Union and its Southern Neighbours: Iran and Afghanistan Mikhail Volodarsky London: Frank Cass Publishers, 1994, 196 pp, $37.50

Moscow's Lost Empire Michael Rywkin Armonk, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1994, 214 pp, biblio, index

Russia and the Third World in the Post‐Soviet Era Mohiaddin Mesbahi (editor) Gainesville, USA: University Press of Florida, 1994, 414 pp, $49.95 cloth, $19.95/£18 paper

Central Asia and the World: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan Michael Mandelbaum (editor) New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1994, viii, 251 pp, $16.95 paperback     

从他的帐篷的门口:田野工作者与审讯者

埃文思-普理查德的《努尔人》是最重要的科学的民族志代表作之一。埃马纽埃尔·勒华拉杜里在《蒙塔尤》中借用民族志文体,把14世纪的一个法国社区的宗教裁判所对农民的审讯记录转换成对那个时期法国南部乡村生活的纪录片式的叙述。通过对《蒙塔尤》和《努尔人》这两部民族志著作的细读和比照,可以发现其中包含着同样的权威与表述的关系模式,从而揭示出一直习以为常的人类学话语实践所隐含的权力和修辞问题。区分撰写著作的个人、行文中的叙述者的角色、行文中田野调查者的角色,对于探索权力与知识的相互影响颇有益处。     

Determination of the time of death in a homicide-suicide case using flow cytometry.

The study of the biologic processes involved in determining the postmortem interval also can be useful for determining the time of death. In this instance, we investigated the time of death in a case of homicide-suicide using circumstantial findings and thanatochronological and flow cytometric data. The flow cytometric data confirmed the time of death as calculated from the police investigations. This method has proven more reliable than thanatochronological techniques and can be used to supplement these observations. This case indicates that the use of flow cytometry "on the spot" is useful and reliable; however, more evidence is needed to support this new, although to date very sound, method of investigation.     

浅谈民族自治地方财政自治

本文力求从民族自治地方财政自治的基本内涵、客观基础、法律依据、现存问题及对策入手论述自己学习的体会,同时阐述了国外不同国家对财政自治的具体作法及其在中国的实践及表现形式,论述了财政自治对民族自治地方经济和社会发展的重要意义。