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971.
972.
Disentangling the Weight of School Dropout Predictors: A Test on Two Longitudinal Samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Janosz Michel LeBlanc Marc Boulerice Bernard Tremblay Richard E. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1997,26(6):733-762
The aims of this study are to identify the most powerful predictors of school dropout and to determine how stable they are over time. Two generations of White French-speaking boys and girls from 12 to 16 years old (n = 791 in 1974, n = 791 in 1985) completed a self-administered questionnaire on their psychosocial adjustment at least one year before leaving school. As expected, the analyses showed that school, family, behavioral, social, and personality variables could all predict dropping out of school in the two samples. Furthermore, these predictors were quite stable over time. However, statistical improvement measures in logistic regression analyses indicated that school experience variables (i.e., grade retention, school achievement, school commitment) were the best screening variables for potential dropouts. The contribution of other psychosocial variables, even though significant, did not improve very much the capacity to identify who will drop out of school. The discussion highlights the implications of the findings for secondary prevention and screening practices. 相似文献
973.
Kuhl Josephine Jarkon-Horlick Liat Morrissey Richard F. 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1997,26(6):637-650
To construct and validate an instrument that would measure barriers to help-seeking behavior in adolescents. Method: A 37-item questionnaire based on prior help-seeking literature was constructed to yield a total score indicating strength of barriers to help-seeking behavior. The instrument was given to a sample of 280 high school students following a pilot study of 65 students. Results: The instrument was found to have good test–retest and internal reliability and adequate validity in the tested population. It shows promise in helping to identify adolescents who may be amenable to, and opposed to, therapeutic intervention, and may aid in understanding which barriers to help seeking are most significant in any given population. 相似文献
974.
Diane M. Hoffman 《East Asia》1993,12(2):3-20
As a much debated phenomenon in contemporary South Korea, anti-Americanism has been seen primarily as a response to the perceived
political and economic domination of the United States in Korean affairs. This article suggests that such a view, however,
is incomplete without consideration of the cultural and psychological context in which contemporary discourses of cultural
nationalism have arisen: specifically, an indigenous cultural psychology characterized by an emphasis onuri (“we”)—a collective sense of socially diffuse yet unified and homogenous selfhood. As one variety of contemporary national
cultural discourse, anti-Americanism is a response to certain to certain unwelcome trends in cultural development that have
already begun to undermine the collective sense of Korean selfhood, as reflected in part in Korean concern over the Western
“cultural invasion,” and Korean critiques of American bias and arrogance in dealings with Korea. However, far from being a
static concept concerned only with defensive protection of Korean identity,uri also reflects Korean concern for re-formulating national cultural identity in terms more accommodating to the outside. Ultimately,
anti-Americanism needs to be seen in the context of a Korean cultural psychology, which posits the enduring value of a collectively
defined selfhood as an alternative to the prevailing individualist representations of the West.
Diane M. Hoffman is an anthropologist and independent scholar with research interests in contemporary Korean culture and Korean-American
intercultural relations. 相似文献
975.
976.
Joop M. Roebroek 《政策研究评论》1993,12(1-2):114-132
In this paper, the significance of basic income as an option in the future is investigated against the background of recent changes in society and social security systems, presented in four segments. First, the concept of basic income is presented in the context of existing social security systems. Basic income represents an elementary form of unconditional income in terms of labor and income. Second, arguments for and against basic income are studied; the social and political foundation is identified; and the relationship between the validity of the basic income as a future option and concrete socioeconomic conditions is discussed. Third, basic income is placed against the background of wider processes of social ordering—specifically, the relationship between state and society. Finally, arguments are made for reconsidering the present system of social security and its future transition. 相似文献
977.
978.
Richard R. Barnett 《Public Choice》1993,75(4):363-369
In developing their influential equivalence theorem Bradford and Oates (1971) implicitly assume that there is a lump sum grant only. This paper explores whether the equivalence result continues to hold when the lump sum grant is part of a program of grants-in-aid which includes a matching grant. It is shown that the equivalence results as stated by Bradford and Oates does not hold in these more general circumstances; however, a much weaker equivalence result does hold. This finding is important because there has been a tendency in the empirical literature to assume that the equivalence result holds under quite general circumstances. It is also shown here that the combined use of lump sum and matching grants can produce a reverse flypaper effect. 相似文献
979.
980.
Susan J. Popkin James E. Rosenbaum Patricia M. Meaden 《Journal of policy analysis and management》1993,12(3):556-573
This article reports on a highly unusual experiment in racial and economic integration, the Gautreaux program. This program helps black families who are either current or former residents of public housing move into subsidized housing in Chicago and its suburbs. Surveying a random sample of 332 participants, we find that suburban movers are significantly more likely to have a job post-move than city movers, even among those who had never had a job before moving. Multivariate analysis shows that these differences are significant even after controlling for respondents' previous work history, human capital, and personal characteristics. These results suggest that low-income urban blacks experience significant gains in employment by moving to middle-class suburbs. Thus, housing assistance may be an effective alternative to traditional welfare-to-work programs. 相似文献