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261.
262.
Dana.R.Roberts 《新东方》2003,(12)
历史学家都一致认为富兰克林·罗斯福(1882-1945)是美国最富才能最成功的总统。他连任总统十二年,是美国总统中任期最长的一位。其间他领导美国经历了工业革命后期最大的危机:大萧条(1929-1941)和第二次世界大战(1941-1945)。 勇气和自信 领袖人物不仅仅只是做做决定。他还必须是一个充满自信又有勇气的人。好比一艘船在海上遭遇风暴,船上的人们因无能为力而绝望。这时一个人勇敢地站出来发号施令,应对可怕的局面,他以坚 相似文献
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264.
Alejandro Portes Bryan R. Roberts 《Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)》2005,40(1):43-82
We examine the evolution of Latin American cities in the last two decades of the twentieth century and in the first years
of the twenty-first on the basis of comparable data from six countries comprising over 80 percent of the region’s population.
These years correspond to the shift in hegemonic models of development in the region, from import-substitution industrialization
to neoliberal “open markets” adjustment. We examine how the application of the new policies correlates with change patterns
in four areas: urban systems and urban primacy; urban unemployment and informal employment; poverty and inequality; and crime,
victimization, and urban insecurity. We present detailed analyses of each of these topics based on the latest available data
for the six countries. We conclude that significant changes in patterns of urbanization have taken place in the region, reflecting,
in part, the expected and unexpected consequences of the application of the new model of development. Implications of our
findings for each of the four areas examined and for the future of the region are discussed.
Alejandro Portes is department chair and Howard Harrison and Gabrielle Snyder Beck Professor of sociology, and director of
the Center for Migration and Development at Princeton University. His current research focuses on the adaptation process of
second-generation immigrants and the rise of transnational immigrant communities in the United States.
Bryan R. Roberts is professor of sociology and C.B. Smith Chair in US-Mexico Relations at the University of Texas, Austin.
His most recent work explores issues of develorment, globalization, immigration, and social policy in Latin America.
Data on which this paper is based were collected by theLatin American Urbanization at the End of the Twentieth Century project, sponsored by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. We thank our collaborators and directors of country teams, without
whom this study would not have been possible: Marcele Cerruti and Alejandro Grimson in Argentina; Licia Valladares, Bianca
Freire-Medeiros, and Filippina Chinelli in Brazil; Guillermo, Wormald, Francisco Sabatini, Yasna Contreras and their collaborators
in Chile; Marina Ariza and Juan Manuel Ramirez in Mexico; Jaime Joseph and the Centro Alternativa research team in Peru; and
Ruben Kaztman, Fernando Filgueira, Alejandro Retamoso and their collaborators in Uruguay. We would also like to thank Carolina
Flores and Lissette Aliaga for their assistance in assembling and analyzing survey data-bases from the six countries. We also
thank anonymous referees of this journal for their comments. Responsibility for the contents is exclusively ours. 相似文献
265.
266.
Brandon Roberts 《政策研究评论》2006,23(1):223-233
This article examines the relationship of area medical costs and poverty in Mississippi. Using a fixed‐effects model and Medicare expenditures, the results indicate that an addition of one percentage point in area poverty increases expected per enrollee expenditures by 0.90%. These figures imply that successful poverty amelioration efforts could yield substantial reductions in medical costs over time. The estimates suggest that a one‐percentage‐point reduction in poverty could accrue to a statewide savings of $510 million in medical costs over a 5‐year time period. 相似文献
267.
268.
Albert R. Roberts 《Journal of family violence》2006,21(8):521-527
Family violence is a prevalent, dangerous, and often life-threatening social and public health problem. It is an indiscriminating crime that knows few boundaries, as recent annual estimates indicate that over 8.7 million women are battered by husbands, boyfriends, and other intimate partners [Roberts, 2002; Roberts & Roberts, 2005]. This article examines a new five-level classificatory schema or typology detailing the duration and severity of woman battering. Five hundred and one battered women completed in-depth interviews which formed the basis for a new classification typology ranging from short-term to chronic to homicidal levels. The current research on different types of battering relationships provides clinicians and forensic specialists with psychosocial indicators that can be utilized as a basis for early intervention and prevention of lethal consequences. The concept of the unknown prevalence of women abuse, or the “dark figure,” is also addressed in this article. Additionally, practical suggestions are made for implementing crisis intervention protocols. 相似文献
269.
In June 2001, the Federal Bureau of Prisons helped to carry out the execution of Timothy McVeigh for his role in the infamous 1995 bombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. The intense national and international media attention that the execution received was virtually unprecedented in the bureau's history, and it put the bureau in the difficult position of having to carry out two potentially conflicting responsibilities: facilitating coverage of the execution by hundreds of reporters, producers, and technicians, while maintaining the safety and security of the maximum security penitentiary in which the execution was held. Historically, the Bureau of Prisons has preferred to maintain a low media profile and had no experience managing a large-scale media event. This article examines how the bureau met this challenge by forming a partnership with the news media through the creation of a Media Advisory Group. It analyzes the goals, functions, and achievements of the Media Advisory Group by employing the Dawes model of interorganizational relationships. 相似文献
270.
Albert R. Roberts 《Journal of family violence》1996,11(3):291-304
The present article examines demographic and background variables, psychosocial factors, critical incidents during childhood, battering incidents, and coping methods among 210 battered women. Based on in-depth interviews with a group of incarcerated battered women who had killed their batterers and a community sample of non-violent battered women, several key results were found. The vast majority of battered women who killed their abusive partners was much more likely than the community sample to: (1) have been sexually assaulted during childhood, (2) have dropped out of high school, (3) have an erratic work history of one to three unskilled jobs, (4) have cohabited with their partner, (5) experienced a drug problem, (6) have attempted suicide by drug overdosing, and (7) have access to the batterer's guns. The findings provide support for the increased probability of battered women killing their mates after they have encountered brutal and repeated assaults, death threats, failed in their attempts to escape through alcohol or drug abuse, and failed in their attempts to commit suicide. 相似文献