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Is Charter School Competition in California Improving the Performance of Traditional Public Schools?
A premise of charter school initiatives has been that these schools have direct benefits for the students attending them and indirect benefits for other students by creating competition for traditional public schools to improve their performance. This study uses a two-pronged approach to assess whether California charter schools are having indirect effects on students in traditional public schools. First, we examine how traditional public school principals react to the introduction of charter schools. Second, we assess whether competition from nearby charters is affecting student achievement outcomes for students that remain in traditional public schools. The survey results show that traditional public school principals felt little competitive pressure from charters. Similarly, the student achievement analysis shows that charter competition was not improving the performance of traditional public schools. These results suggest that California charter schools are having little effect on the climate of traditional public schools. 相似文献
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Vanhalst J Klimstra TA Luyckx K Scholte RH Engels RC Goossens L 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(6):776-787
Based on current theories of depression, reciprocal links between loneliness and depressive symptoms are expected to occur. However, longitudinal studies on adolescent samples are scarce and have yielded conflicting results. The present five-wave longitudinal study from mid- to late adolescence (N=428, M age at T1=15.22 years; 47% female) examined the direction of effect between loneliness and depressive symptoms, using cross-lagged path analysis. In addition, the robustness of these prospective associations was tested by examining the role of the Big Five personality traits (i.e., extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness) as explaining factors and moderators. Results indicated that loneliness and depressive symptoms influenced one another reciprocally, and these reciprocal associations were not attributable to their mutual overlap with personality traits. In addition, neuroticism was found to be a moderator, in that the bidirectional effects between loneliness and depressive symptoms were only found in adolescents high in neuroticism. Practical implications are discussed, and suggestions for future research are outlined. 相似文献
216.
Junilla K. Larsen Ad A. Vermulst Rob Eisinga Tammy English James J. Gross Elin Hofman Ron H. J. Scholte Rutger C. M. E. Engels 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2012,41(12):1628-1642
Expressive suppression is regarded as a generally ineffective emotion regulation strategy and appears to be associated with the development of depressive symptoms among adolescents. However, the mechanisms linking suppression to depressive symptoms are not well understood. The main aim of this study was to examine two potential mediators of the prospective relationship from depressive symptoms to expressive suppression among adolescents: parental support and peer victimization. Structural equation modelling was used to construct a three-wave cross-lagged model (n?=?2,051 adolescents, 48.5?% female, at baseline; 1,465 with data at all three time points) with all possible longitudinal linkages. Depressive symptoms preceded decreases in perceived parental support 1?year later. Decreases in parental support mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and increases in expressive suppression over a 2-year period. Multi-group analyses show that the mediation model tested was significant for girls, but not for boys. No evidence for other mediating models was found. Although initial suppression preceded increases in depressive symptoms 1?year later, we did not find any evidence for the reversed link from suppression to depressive symptoms. Clear evidence for a reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and parental support was found. However, only limited and inconsistent support was found for a reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and peer victimization. Finally, although some evidence for a unidirectional relationship from parental support to increases in suppression was found, no significant prospective relationship was found between peer victimization and suppression. The implications of our clear results for parental support, and mostly lacking results for peer victimization, are discussed. 相似文献
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Noortje Meijs Antonius H. N. Cillessen Ron H. J. Scholte Eliane Segers Renske Spijkerman 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(1):62-72
This study compared the effects of social intelligence and cognitive intelligence, as measured by academic achievement, on
adolescent popularity in two school contexts. A distinction was made between sociometric popularity, a measure of acceptance,
and perceived popularity, a measure of social dominance. Participants were 512, 14–15 year-old adolescents (56% girls, 44%
boys) in vocational and college preparatory schools in Northwestern Europe. Perceived popularity was significantly related
to social intelligence, but not to academic achievement, in both contexts. Sociometric popularity was predicted by an interaction
between academic achievement and social intelligence, further qualified by school context. Whereas college bound students
gained sociometric popularity by excelling both socially and academically, vocational students benefited from doing well either
socially or academically, but not in combination. The implications of these findings were discussed. 相似文献
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This paper describes a method for defining the colour of small samples of textile fibre in terms of its complementary chromaticity coordinates. The coordinates can be calculated from the absorption spectra of solutions of the dye extracted from fibres and use is made of data taken from published tables. Problems arising from this procedure, its significance for the court going officer, and possible future developments are discussed. 相似文献