China’s Development of ETS as a GHG Mitigating Policy Tool: A Case of Policy Diffusion or Domestic Drivers?

China launched its national emissions trading scheme (ETS) in late 2017. This article examines the key drivers behind China’s 2011 decision to opt for ETS as a GHG mitigating policy tool and what lay behind the choice of the system’s design features. Given the existence of the frontrunner EU ETS and that market mechanisms have spread across the world in recent years, we analyze the role played by policy diffusion in the decision to launch an ETS and in the subsequent design process, seen in relation to domestic drivers. The article investigates policy developments culminating in the 2011 carbon market announcement, and the reasons these design elements were chosen for the pilot schemes and the national market in the period 2011–2017. The article contributes to our understanding of policy diffusion at different stages of policy development in China, by revealing which diffusion mechanism is more prevalent at different stages. We find first that overall domestic conditions and drivers had the most consistent impact on policy decisions to establish a carbon market and on the selected sectors. However, a second key finding is that the role of policy diffusion varied over time, with such diffusion, in the form of ideational impact, playing the most important role early on, providing a powerful inducement for China to go for a carbon market. Third, sophisticated learning from international projects took place in the pilots, allowing China to adapt policies and design features to match local conditions.     

国际低碳发展的趋势和中国气候政策的选择

低碳发展是当今国际社会减缓和应对全球气候变化的战略选择。世界上的主要经济体,都在通过技术革新、能源体系的转型以及基于市场的政策促进低碳发展。作为世界上最大的温室气体排放国,中国低碳经济的发展不但为自身可持续发展所必需,而且对全球减排、遏制世界气候变化和促进世界可持续发展有重要意义。     

实用型教育:边疆贫困地区经济平稳跨越的保障 --云南省云县教育扶贫新模式研究

在边疆贫困地区,走教育扶贫之路毋庸置疑,但发展何种模式的教育才能相应地拉动经济的快速发展,这是贫困地区实施教育扶贫首先必须解决的问题.对云县而言,近年来教育事业取得较大的发展,但教育发展对经济发展的促进作用却不甚显著.显然,原有的教育模式短期内并不能拉动经济的快速发展,因此,云县欲走教育扶贫之路摆脱贫困,必须转换传统的教育扶贫观念,建立起一种能够拉动本地区经济快速发展的新的教育模式.针对云县的现状,实用型教育不失为一条行之有效之路.     

经济转轨过程中我国公司企业治理结构演变的动态分析

国有企业进行公司制改造 ,建立规范的、有效运作的公司法人治理结构 ,这是国有企业建立现代企业制度成功与否的关键。文章对计划经济体制下国有企业的组织领导体制进行了反思 ,对经济转轨条件下我国公司企业的治理结构的演变过程做了动态分析 ,并提出了当前阶段国有公司企业治理结构存在的问题及对策。     

Emotional and Behavioral Effects of Romantic Relationships in Chinese Adolescents

Adolescents’ romantic relationships have been associated with higher levels of depression, although their links with externalizing behavioral problems remain unclear. The present study examined the impact of adolescent romantic relationships on depression and externalizing behaviors in a large sample of 10,509 Chinese secondary school students (ages 12–19, 54.5% female). The results showed that romantic involvement in adolescence, especially in early adolescence, was associated with more depressive symptoms and behavior problems. Breakups in romantic relationships were an important factor in producing the negative emotional and behavioral consequences. Romantically involved girls experienced higher levels of depressive symptoms, while romantically involved boys had higher levels of externalizing behaviors, compared to their non-dating peers. The results also indicated that the adverse impact was stronger for those involved in romantic relationships at younger ages.     

Trajectories of Peer Social Influences as Long-term Predictors of Drug Use from Early Through Late Adolescence

The present study analyzed the long-term effects of perceived friend use and perceived peer use on adolescents’ own cigarette, alcohol and marijuana use as a series of parallel growth curves that were estimated in two developmental pieces, representing middle and high school (N = 1,040). Data were drawn from a large drug abuse prevention trial, the Midwestern Prevention Project (MPP). Results showed that both perceived peer and friend cigarette use predicted own cigarette use within and across the adolescent years. For own alcohol and marijuana use, peer and friend influences were limited primarily to middle school. The findings suggest that strategies for counteracting peer and friend influences should receive early emphasis in prevention programs that are targeted to middle school. The findings also raise the question of whether cigarette use may represent a symbol of peer group identity that is unlike other drug use, and once formed, may have lasting adverse effects through the adolescent years.

我国缓刑制度的几个问题

缓刑宣告不属于刑罚裁量制度 ,而是一种刑罚执行制度。我国刑法规定的缓刑适用条件过于原则 ,应予以具体化。缓刑考验期限内发现有漏罪的 ,不应一概撤销缓刑 ,而应当区别对待。战时缓刑并非独立的缓刑制度 ,而是缓刑适用的一种特殊状态。     

日本国际移民管理政策变化特征分析

随着全球化发展快速推进,国际人口流动日趋频繁,移民问题已经成为21世纪以来最重要的全球化问题.日本国际移民管理政策在不同时期的政治、文化、经济、外交背景下,具有不同特征.从历史来看,日本是单一民族国家,不是传统的移民接收国家,对于移民输入持保守态度,把限制外来移民作为移民管理的主要政策,拒绝大规模接收外来务工人员和移民.过于保守的移民管理政策,会对可持续性产生消极影响,尤其现阶段,日本人口老龄化、劳动力严重短缺,社会财政保障压力增大,消费低迷,经济出现下滑趋势,为了保持经济稳定增长,日本移民政策开始做出改变,尝试接受外国移民.     

暮色苍茫看劲松

1月10日,在最高人民法院召开的全国高级法院院长会上,北京市第二中级人民法院刑事审判第二庭庭长谭劲松被评为“全国优秀法官”。北京二中院所辖区域囊括首都功能核心区,不仅是中央行政机关的集中地,还包括国家经济技术开发区和金融街,地理位置特殊,大案要案及新类型经济犯罪案件相对集中。     

完善党政领导人才选拔任用机制的三个方向:制度化、民主化、科学化

党政领导人才选拔任用机制创新是我国公共部门人力资源管理领域的核心问题,本文在总结党政领导人才选拔任用工作的成就和分析其存在问题的基础上,从制度化、民主化和科学化的角度,探索了完善党政领导人才选拔任用机制的方向与途径。