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911.
Normative deliberative theory has contributed much to an understanding of ideal procedural standards, but there is considerable uncertainty regarding the appropriate nature of desired deliberative outcomes. In this paper we identify two inter‐related concepts of meta‐consensus and inter‐subjective rationality as outcomes that an authentic deliberative process ought to produce. Importantly, these deliberative ends are consistent with ideal deliberative procedure. They are also empirically tractable, where preference transformation can be described in terms of underlying values, and judgments. Methods for assessing deliberative ends are provided and demonstrated using a case study. 相似文献
912.
Michael A. Neblo 《Swiss Political Science Review》2007,13(4):527-557
Interdisciplinary deliberative research has grown tremendously over the last decade. Theorists are attending more carefully to the findings of empirical research. And empiricists are framing their research in ways that are tailored to track normative‐theoretical concerns. The recent surge in empirical work on deliberation, however, has led to a huge proliferation of research designs, general measurement strategies, operational criteria, and even definitions of the phenomenon. The diversity in these approaches has become sufficiently great that it seems worthwhile to step back and take stock lest the expanding deliberative research community dissipate its energies in an ironic lack of effective communication across theoretical and methodological approaches. I survey the main sources of theoretical diversity among normative theories of deliberation, along with the diversity of basic strategies for measuring deliberation that follow from them. 相似文献
913.
914.
Ana C. Brown Sharlene A. Wolchik Jenn-Yun Tein Irwin N. Sandler 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(7):927-938
Appraisals about the implications of stressful events that are evaluated as involving a threat to self (negative self-evaluation,
negative evaluation from others, rejection by others) have been shown to place youth at risk for the development of mental
health problems. This longitudinal study tested a protective-stabilizing interactive model, in which high maternal acceptance
was predicted to mitigate the prospective relation between threat to self appraisals and change in adolescents’ mental health
problems six months later. Participants were 89 adolescents from divorced families ages 10–12 and residential mothers. Adolescents
reported on threat to self appraisals from the most stressful event experienced in the past month. Mothers and youth reported
on maternal acceptance and mental health problems. Multiple regression analyses provided support for the protective effects
of maternal acceptance on adolescents’ mental health problems. Intervention implications are discussed.
Ana Brown is a pre-doctoral fellow in prevention research (NIMH 2 T32 MH18387–19) and doctoral student in the Department of
Psychology at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ. Research interests include the study of children’s appraisals and responses
to stressful events in the prevention of mental health problems.
Sharlene Wolchik is a clinical psychologist and professor in the Department of Psychology at Arizona State University, Tempe,
AZ. Her research focuses on identifying risk and protective factors for children whose parents have divorced. She also has
designed and evaluated the efficacy of preventive interventions for children from divorced families and children who have
experienced parental bereavement.
Jenn-Yun Tein is a research associate professor and Co-Director of the Research Methodology Core of the Prevention Research
Center at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ. Her research interests include analyses of mediation and moderation of preventive
interventions as well as applications of methodology and statistics in prevention research.
Irwin Sandler is a Regents’ Professor in the Department of Psychology and Director of the Prevention Research Center at Arizona
State University, Tempe, AZ. His research interests focus on understanding resilience for children exposed to stress and on
the development, evaluation and dissemination of programs to promote resilience and prevent mental health problems for children
in stress. 相似文献
915.
J. M. Mond P. Marks P. J. Hay B. Rodgers C. Kelly C. Owen S. J. Paxton 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2007,36(6):753-762
This research examined the “mental health literacy” of adolescents concerning eating-disordered behavior. A vignette describing
a fictional 16-year old female meeting diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa was presented to 522 female high school students,
followed by a series of questions concerning treatment of and treatment-seeking for the problem described. Results indicated
that primary care practitioners, mothers and close female friends were most highly regarded as potential sources of help.
Self-help interventions, including the use of vitamins and minerals, were also highly regarded, whereas participants were
less positive about the benefits of mental health specialists and ambivalent about the use of anti-depressant medication.
Most participants believed that the problem described would be difficult to treat, and that relapse was likely even given
appropriate treatment. An additional finding of note was that among participants with a high level of eating disorder symptoms
(n=36, 6.9%), recognition of an eating problem was poor. We conclude that beliefs likely to be conducive to low and/or inappropriate
treatment-seeking for eating problems may be common among adolescent girls. In addition, the findings suggest that prevention
programs for the eating disorders need to target not only at-risk individuals, but also individuals in their immediate social
environment. 相似文献
916.
Alan S. Zuckerman 《Politische Vierteljahresschrift》2007,48(4):633-649
The Social Logic of Politics places social learning at the center of political choice. People develop their political preferences,
knowledge, values, perceptions of ability, and decisions about political behavior in interactions with others, usually members
of their social circles. Political attitudes and goals are not derivatives of exogenous economic preferences. They are not
the results of careful calculations, in which optimization of personal needs guides the mode of reasoning. This theoretical
stance draws sustenance from recent work across the social science, even as it harkens back to established, if neglected principles
of political analysis.
My thanks to Rüdiger Schmitt-Beck for his encouragement and for the critical comments of several anonymous referees and to
Josip Dasović and Jennifer Fitzgerald, my co-authors of Partisan Families: the Social Logic of Bounded Partisanship in Germany
and Britain (Zuckerman et al. 2007). Material from that book appears in this essay. 相似文献
917.
The bigger the better? Evidence of the effect of government size on life satisfaction around the world 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper empirically analyzes whether government size is conducive or detrimental to life satisfaction in a cross-section of 74 countries. We thus provide a test of the longstanding dispute between standard neoclassical economic theory and public choice theory. According to the neoclassical view, governments play unambiguously positive roles for individuals' quality of life, while the theory of public choice has been developed to understand why governments often choose excessive involvement in – and regulation of – the economy, thereby harming their citizens' quality of life. Our results show that life satisfaction decreases with higher government consumption. For low, middle income, and male people, this result is stronger when the government is leftwing, while government consumption appears to be less harmful for women when the government is perceived to be effective. Government capital formation and social spending have no significant impact on life satisfaction. 相似文献
918.
We examine the factors that improve the candidates’ likelihood of winning an election by drawing on information from campaign resources used by candidates running in the 2002 French parliamentary election. The main effects that we wish to analyze are the candidates’ gender, political affiliation and possible incumbency. We find that the contributions the candidates received and their political affiliations determine their acceding to the second round of the elections. But surprisingly once they make it to the second round, the contributions cease to be relevant; only the candidates’ gender, incumbency and the actual spending rather than the contribution levels matter. 相似文献
919.
We use economic theory to examine the intensity of fundamentalist sects in which leaders work to enhance their followers’ observance level. We model three stylized situations under which fundamentalist groups function, examining the intensity of observance in each. We find that, under reasonable conditions, rivalry among fundamentalists makes them more extreme. 相似文献
920.
Where does history education fit into transitional justice andhow can it contribute to the goals of transitional justice?The contemporary understanding of transitional justice has broadenedto encompass more than just prosecutions, reparations, preventingimpunity, and building rule of law. Transitional justice goalsnow extend to truth telling, restoring the dignity and preservingthe memory of victims, building peace, creating respect forhuman rights and democracy, and to reconciliation. Tools forachieving these goals now include truth commissions and commemorations.But this list has not until now included how the historicalnarrative of the group(s) involved in conflict must change asa part of transition; and education, while often invoked whenthe topic of never again is raised, has been largelyabsent from the transitional justice discourse. Neither thelarger education system nor the teaching of history both what is taught and how has been considered by theinstitutions transitional justice has aimed to reform. Thisarticle considers why history education matters, what conditionscomplicate its reform and what recommendations can begin tobe offered with regard to the relationship between history educationand transitional justice. 相似文献