SPLIT IDENTITY AND CHILDREN OF DIVORCE

Divorce, although a statistical norm, is a developmental trauma to the children involved. This article looks at the two-camp emotional environment of a divorcing family and its effect on the formation of a child's identity. By examining developmental ages, chosen according to divorce research, the author attempts to show how the interspouse emotional cathexes negatively affect a child's sense of self in ways specific to the child's age at the divorce.     

"美国全球战略调整及其影响"研讨会纪要

2007年10月12日,中国现代国际关系研究院美国所主办"美国全球战略调整及其影响"学术研讨会,特邀请本院俄罗斯所研究员王郦久、欧洲所所长冯仲平、日本所所长杨伯江、亚非所西亚非洲研究室副主任唐志超、安全与战略所所长李伟和世界政治室主任高祖贵、战略研究中心主任林利民等20多位专家学者,围绕美国全球战略调整及其对各国的影响以及反恐在美全球战略中的地位等问题展开深入讨论.     

Mass deaths by gas or chemical poisoning. A historical perspective

This review chronicles the characteristics of deliberate and accidental mass poisonings that occurred in World Wars I and II, in Bhopal, and in other historical cases up to and including modern wars. It also considers approaches to the investigation of such cases from the medicolegal as well as general standpoints.     

"中国经济威胁论"及其国家形象悖论

从经济总量威胁论到贸易、资本威胁论,"中国经济威胁论"愈演愈烈,呈阶段性递进式扩大发展,其发展过程正吻合中国国际经济地位的逐步提升.国家形象随着国家国际地位的变化而发生改变,但是,中国作为一个认知对象仅仅是影响因素之一,而认知者具有自我认知意义的信息选择过程在此发挥的作用至关重要.国际地位变化和国家形象的关系体现为三个悖论,国际地位并不直接决定国家形象认知的方向,中国国际地位的提升不一定必然导致国家形象的负面化,提高中国国际地位与改善中国国家形象存在同时并行的理论可能.     

党内民主惰性的危害及其克服

目前在党内民主实践过程中保守、被动、形式主义,存在较为严重的民主惰性。这种党内民主惰性是国家政治文明建设的阻碍,是党自身提高执政能力、保持先进性的大敌,我们党应当有勇气正视它,有能力突破克服它。     

DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics: Recommendations on the interpretation of mixtures

The DNA commission of the International Society of Forensic Genetics (ISFG) was convened at the 21st congress of the International Society for Forensic Genetics held between 13 and 17 September in the Azores, Portugal. The purpose of the group was to agree on guidelines to encourage best practice that can be universally applied to assist with mixture interpretation. In addition the commission was tasked to provide guidance on low copy number (LCN) reporting. Our discussions have highlighted a significant need for continuing education and research into this area. We have attempted to present a consensus from experts but to be practical we do not claim to have conveyed a clear vision in every respect in this difficult subject. For this reason, we propose to allow a period of time for feedback and reflection by the scientific community. Then the DNA commission will meet again to consider further recommendations.     

The sentencing reform act of 1984: A bold approach to the unwarranted sentencing disparity problem

Conclusion In 1984, after years of study and thorough debate, a bipartisan majority of the Congress enacted perhaps the most far-reaching reform of the federal criminal justice system in the history of the United States. The Sentencing Reform Act and the federal sentencing guidelines are now beginning to produce data indicating that the objectives of avoiding unwarranted disparity and invidious discrimination are being achieved.After an uncertain beginning, the guidelines are gaining acceptance by courts and criminal justice practitioners. As one appellate court observed in admonishing lower courts that the guidelines must be respected:We have embarked on a new course. Only time will tell whether the use of the guidelines will result in an improvement over the old system. But unless we follow the spirit and written directions of the guidelines, we will never know if they have been given a fair test. They at least deserve that.Indeed, the bold new approach to sentencing that is being followed today in federal courthouses throughout the United States deserves an opportunity to succeed, given its many beneficial features and the lofty goals toward which the reforms are directed. While ample work remains for the United States Sentencing Commission to monitor and improve the guidelines, indications at this still early date are that the experiment is succeeding.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the fifth conference of the Society for the Reform of Criminal Law, Parliament House, Edinburgh, Scotland, August 5–9, 1990. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the United States Sentencing Commission.B.A., Davidson College 1964; J.D., University of South Carolina School of Law 1967.B.A., Ohio State University 1974; M.S., Arizona State University 1980; M.A., University of California, Santa Barbara, 1983.B.S., Clemson University 1971; M.S., Clemson University 1975; J.D., University of South Carolina School of Law 1978.     

Environmental dispute resolution and hazardous waste cleanups: A cautionary tale of policy implementation

New York State experimented with replacing their litigation-oriented system for achieving toxic dump site cleanup with one promising to lower transaction costs through alternative dispute resolution. Our analysis of outcomes is informed by three generations of implementation work focusing on (1) the motivations and incentives shaping individual behavior, (2) the larger organizational and political factors associated with variation across cases, and (3) the generic properties of policy implements. This mosaic approach to explanation produces, we believe, a more lifelike picture of use to policy makers for understanding the dynamic and interrelated nature of their choices.     

Symposium comment: On the new politics of public policy

The process is not the problem, the problem is the problem. Rudolph Penner (1984). …We argue the superiority of the outcome from the process, not of the process from the outcome. The constancy of the economist's objection to this conclusion when applied to governmental rather than market decisions simply often reflects the fact that, while some economists are not disturbed that consumer preferences lead to allocation policies other than best respond to their own tastes, when political preferences lead to governmental policies not consistent with his informed and considered preferences, they are tempted to attribute irrationality to government.     

整体发展:马克思主义社会发展理论的要义

社会的整体发展思想是马克思主义社会发展理论的核心。马克思立足于人类社会是一个在实践中不断生成的有机整体,揭示了人类社会的基本结构、人类社会发展的基本规律以及人类社会存在和发展的基本条件。贯彻科学发展观,构建社会主义和谐社会,必须以马克思主义关于社会整体发展的思想为指导,自觉摆脱“经济决定论”和传统发展观的束缚。