秩序愿景——美国战略中的日本与中国

对于秩序的追求一直是对外交家与政治家的挑战。经历了一个世纪的冲突、革命与战争向世界大国之问基于共同利益的合作模式的演化,才有了今天自由主义的国际经济与政治秩序。但是,国际体系并不是一个自我约束的机制,秩序一旦建立,它的维系需要富有重大责任的主要大国积极而充分地参与到这一体系的有效合作中来。     

对俄制裁背景下的俄中经贸合作

2010—2021年,俄中贸易额增长1.5倍,中国一直保持俄罗斯最大贸易伙伴的地位,但是俄罗斯对中国的进出口额占中国外贸总额的比重极低。俄罗斯对中国的碳氢化合物出口量占第一位,中国则是俄罗斯市场最大的机械技术产品供应国,这既构成了相互贸易的坚实基础,也造成两国贸易的不平衡。2010—2021年,双边贸易结构没有发生实质性变化,但是俄罗斯的出口结构出现积极转变,即农产品、食品和冶金产品等比重增加。俄中投资领域的合作表现出投资来源多样化的特点(离岸投资、非正式合作活跃等),这给统计两国相互投资规模造成了一定困难。但可以确定的是,中国投资者正突破对俄投资传统领域,扩大在建筑和工业领域的参与。当前,西方对俄制裁是俄中进一步发展合作的最大障碍。但是,西方的制裁压力也为加快俄中本币结算等积极进程创造了前提条件。总体上可以预测,俄中将会创建新的合作形式和合作机制,以抵消制裁风险,继续保持高效合作。原文发表于俄罗斯《俄罗斯与亚太地区》杂志2023年第1期(1),经作者同意在《西伯利亚研究》以中文刊发。     

忽视极端的犯罪率:理论、实践及全球经济崩溃

有观点认为,美国社会忽视了大量的严重违法行为,但这是值得商榷的.首先,集中关注白领犯罪,表明美国社会并没有忽视犯罪;其次,对忽视白领犯罪这个词本身的犯罪学含义进行了探究;第三,通过运用案例材料和历史数据,向影响政策制定的主流经济学观点提出挑战,因为正是这些政策导致了白领犯罪和法人犯罪浪潮的出现.     

Impressive Encounters with the Chinese People

Cultural Revolution: A letter,dated the 2nd ofSeptember 1967 and addressedby the Headoffice of one ofChina's National Import andExport Corporations to my em-ployers in Switzerland con-tained the following statement: “Since June this year,theBritish authorities in Hongkonghave carried out sanguinarysuppression of our countrymen     

One of Many Fantastic Days in China

My recent trip to China took me to visit several Associations for Friendshipwith Foreign Countries, with whom I had per-sonal contact beforehand. My stops of 2-3days each, took me to Beijing, Nanjing,Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou, Shanghai andChangsha. Of course it was a wonderful tripallover and I was greeted and entertained eve-rywhere to the best by my hosts. As in thepast, unexpected sights came forth duringsuch a long journey and Changzhou and Wuxi     

逻辑与法律之间的又一个冲突——根据关于专家意见可采性的《联邦证据规则》703对待第二手事实的戈尔迪之结

2012年6月美国最高法院在Williams v.Illinois案件中,就《联邦证据规则》703的适用形成了"703多数意见"、"Crawford多数意见"和相对多数意见。本案提出的重要问题是,规则703准许的对第二手报告的运用是否构成一个对庭外陈述的合法非传闻运用?如果不是,法院在未来如何适用规则703?本文审视了Williams案件裁决之前规则703的学理状态;描述了Williams案件中各个大法官在规则703问题上的立场;讨论了703多数意见和相对多数意见之间的争议所涉及的利害关系;从逻辑角度和立法解释角度评估了各种立场的优劣。     

The American Exclusionary Rule(s)

Yesterday I discussed with you certain aspects of constitutional adjudication in the United States,andI particularly focused on certain difficulties that beset constitutional interpretation.I did so in part in orderto lay the ground work for today′s lecture on the American Exclusionary Rule(s).When people from other coun-tries refer to the"American Exclusionary Rule",and I note I said"rule"not"rule(s),"they normally have in     

Personality disorders and criminal responsibility in the Spanish supreme court

The aim of this study is to determine how personality disorders (PDs) are viewed in relation to criminal responsibility (CR) within the jurisprudence of the Spanish Supreme Court. All sentences with PD from 2000 to 2006 were included. The most frequently occurring PDs are cluster B and nonspecific disorders, alongside another Axis I disorder. The Spanish Supreme Court admitted appeals on 50%, and sentencing criteria were changed in 25% of the cases. The most frequent outcome was in the first instance a minor reduction in CR and second full CR being upheld. The borderline PD and the comorbidity between a PD and an Axis I disorder are the variables associated with the decrease in CR. The assessment of CR in PD should be undertaken using the diagnosis as a base taking into account other elements, such as the type of PD, its seriousness, comorbidity, and relationship with the criminal behavior on trial.     

Use of styryl 11 and STaR 11 for the luminescence enhancement of cyanoacrylate-developed fingermarks in the visible and near-infrared regions

In current casework, most post-cyanoacrylate stains rely on luminescence emission in the visible region (400-700 nm). While traditional stains such as rhodamine 6G work well under most circumstances, some surfaces may generate background luminescence under the same conditions. Detection in the near-infrared region (NIR > 700 nm) has shown to be effective in minimizing the interferences from such surfaces. The laser dye styryl 11 generated strongly luminescent fingermarks when applied after cyanoacrylate fuming on all surfaces tested. When compared to rhodamine 6G, the dye was superior only when viewed in the NIR. Styryl 11 was subsequently combined with rhodamine 6G, and the mixed stain formulation (named StaR 11 by the authors) induced stronger luminescence compared with styryl 11 alone with an ability to visualize in both the visible and NIR regions. Reliable and consistent results were obtained when using either styryl 11 alone or the STaR 11 mixture. The enhancement achieved did not otherwise vary depending on the source of the fingermark secretions. With visualization possible in both the visible and NIR regions, the styryl 11/rhodamine 6G mixture showed significant potential as a post-cyanoacrylate stain.