也谈苏联剧变的原因与教训

从分析苏联发生剧变的原因中可得出如下教训:社会主义国家应该在经济上找到适当的形式,实现劳动者与生产资料的直接结合,以达到劳动者直接支配生产资料和劳动成果,消灭剥削。同时要切实解决提高劳动生产率这个社会主义的根本任务,不断改善劳动人民的物质和文化生活;应该在政治上找到适当的形式,建设高度的民主和完备的法制,以实现人民当家作主的权利。为此,社会主义国家的执政党应该加强自身建设,既反“左”又反右,永葆革命性和先进性,当好社会主义事业的领导者和指路人。     

学校需要更多的情感教育--对马加爵事件的教育学反思

目前学校教育对情感教育的相对忽视是导致马加爵事件发生的重要原因,应该充分认识情感教育的必要性和重要性,加强情感教育内容、方法等的系统研究,在各级各类学校中实施情感教育并确保取得实效.     

知识产权公权化理论的解读和反思

知识产权的权利属性是知识产权研究的基本理论问题.因传统的视知识产权为私权的观点在面对知识产权相较于其他私权的特殊性及其领域内层出不穷的新问题时常常遭遇无法解释的困境,所以,有些学者提出了"知识产权公权化"理论,即在承认知识产权私权本质属性的前提下,指出知识产权是公权化的私权,试图以此来寻到新的"突破口".但事实上,该理论因其立论依据本身就存在疑问,是经不起推敲的,它是在社会思潮运动影响下对知识产权权利客体特殊性的一种误读.知识产权作为私权的根本属性不应该因为知识产权所呈现出的某些独特性而被改变,在当前承认并且强调知识产权的私权属性具有重大意义.     

鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒的分离鉴定

从陕西省榆林市某蛋用种鸡场疑似肾型传染性支气管炎病鸡中分离到了1 株肾型IBV(定名为YL 04),并对分离病毒进行了血凝性、血凝抑制性、致病性、鸡胚矮小化、电镜特征等生物学特性鉴定及S1基因5′端的RT PCR鉴定。结果表明,该分离株经10 g/L胰酶处理后的各代病毒尿囊收集液均可凝集鸡红细胞;标准阳性血清可特异性地抑制其凝集性;可复制出与自然发病相同的病例;病毒传代物有明显的致鸡胚矮小化作用;透射电镜下可见有近似球形、直径100 nm左右的冠状病毒粒子;用RT PCR方法扩增到1 条373 bp的目的片段,其核苷酸序列与IBV CQ/01/2004株序列的同源性达98%。     

IDENTIFYING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS THAT MEDIATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PARENTING PRACTICES AND DELINQUENCY*

Past research has largely ignored the developmental changes within the child that account for the association between parenting and risk for delinquency. We used structural equation modeling and data from a longitudinal study of several hundred African‐American families to test the contentions of various theories regarding the sociocognitive and emotional factors that mediate the impact of parental behavior on a youth's risk for delinquency. Our findings largely supported the theories. The impact of monitoring/discipline was indirect through low self‐control and acceptance of deviant norms, whereas the effect of hostility/ rejection was indirect through low self‐control, hostile view of relationships, and acceptance of deviant norms. These two dimensions of parenting were no longer related either to affiliation with deviant peers or to conduct problems once the effects of these psychological characteristics were taken into account; the impact of these parenting practices was completely mediated by these four cognitive/affective variables. Contrary to expectation, however, these psychological factors did not mediate any of the relationship between caretaker involvement in antisocial behavior and child conduct problems.     

Failed States After 9/11: What Did We Know and What Have We Learned?

This paper addresses the relationship between accumulated knowledge and U.S. policy dealing with failed states and terrorism. The central thesis is threefold: (1) that more was known about the possible linkages between failing states and terrorism than appears in pre-9/11 U.S. policies; (2) that since 9/11 some important realignment of knowledge and practice has occurred, but it remains partial and incomplete; and (3) that new knowledge, especially about the policies to sustain and promote legitimate governance, needs to be generated in order to support an effective grand strategy for addressing the threats and challenges of the twenty-first century. The paper recommends such a grand strategy and, in addition to the required new knowledge, a significant reorganization of the U.S. national security policy-making apparatus. International studies curricula appear well suited for contributing to that new knowledge and the practitioners we require.     

知识经济时代政府职能的渐变

知识经济给社会生活带来了深刻的变化,也改变着政府的生态环境,进而影响到政府的职能定位,主要表现在:知识经济模糊了政府经济管理职能的界限、使政府的组织结构发生转变、影响着政府权能在不同领域的平衡、使政府的权威发生根本变化、强化了对知识产权的保护。