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111.
Leanna Stiefel Amy Ellen Schwartz Ingrid Gould Ellen 《Journal of policy analysis and management》2007,26(1):7-30
We examine the size and distribution of the gap in test scores across races within New York City public schools and the factors that explain these gaps. While gaps are partially explained by differences in student characteristics, such as poverty, differences in schools attended are also important. At the same time, substantial within‐school gaps remain and are only partly explained by differences in academic preparation across students from different race groups. Controlling for differences in classrooms attended explains little of the remaining gap, suggesting little role for within‐school inequities in resources. There is some evidence that school characteristics matter. Race gaps are negatively correlated with school size—implying small schools may be helpful. In addition, the trade‐off between the size and experience of the teaching staff in urban schools may carry unintended consequences for within‐school race gaps. © 2006 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management. 相似文献
112.
A. T. J. Matthews Ellaleen C. Williams Jerome Laulicht Russell B. Donnelly Irene Nordine Henry C. Lajewski Paul F. Peifer Gustave A. de Cocq Joseph E. Russo Martin L. Hoffman J. Walter Cobb Worthington Miner Charles H. Adair G. Kerry Smith Eugene P. Schwartz R. L. Meier David B. Booth 《Society》1964,1(5):2-2
113.
TWGDAM validation of the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and AmpFlSTR COfiler STR multiplex systems using capillary electrophoresis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
LaFountain MJ Schwartz MB Svete PA Walkinshaw MA Buel E 《Journal of forensic sciences》2001,46(5):1191-1198
Prior to forensic implementation, a profiling system requires validation following the recommendations presented by the Technical Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (TWGDAM). In this work two such systems, AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and AmpFfSTR COfiler have been validated according to the guidelines provided by TWGDAM. Profiler Plus and COfiler simultaneously amplify nine and six STR loci respectively; both also amplify a portion of the amelogenin gene. Performance of the two STR multiplex systems under conditions set forth by TWGDAM was robust and reproducible, indicating that these systems are suitable for use in forensic analysis. Additionally, specific sections of the TWGDAM validation guidelines are especially valuable in terms of familiarizing users with particular limitations of the systems prior to taking on casework. 相似文献
114.
Despite many calls for integratedwoman abuse theories, few have made any suchattempts. Taking as a starting point thatgender blind and conservative theories maystill have some value, Hirschi's social bondtheory is examined with insights from feministmale peer support theory and other criticalperspectives. The goal is not a formal newtheory but rather a heuristic designed to showthe value of adding feminist insight to genderblind theory. Hirschi is turned upside downhere with an argument that attachment andinvolvement with conventional peers may in factpromulgate violence against women thecollege campuses when it is noted thatconventional institutions are patriarchal andpart of a rape culture. University groups(social fraternities, sports teams, etc.) mayenforce adherence through homophobia and grouppressure, while promoting a hypermasculineculture that encourages men to use coercion andforce to increase their count of sexualencounters. 相似文献
115.
Medical examiners are often first to recognize unusual occurrences of fatal infectious diseases. Recognition of these deaths allows public health officials to institute appropriate public health measures. Therefore, we developed a simple method of identifying and tracking infectious disease deaths in a statewide medical examiner's office. One-page infectious disease forms were completed for 1566/1949 autopsies (80%) performed at the New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator in 2004. In 241 cases one infectious disease was identified at autopsy and 58 cases had two infectious diseases. Fourteen of the infectious-diseases caused deaths involved diseases that are notifiable conditions in New Mexico. Pneumonia was the most commonly reported infectious process (47 deaths) followed by sepsis (25 deaths). Tracking infectious disease deaths highlighted the importance of recognizing these deaths, although hand-written entries were unstandardized. Preferably, a tracking system would be built into electronic databases at medical examiner and coroner's offices, expediting the identification of these diseases and contact of public health agencies. 相似文献
116.
117.
This study extended the work of Sorensen and Pilgrim (2002) by examining the institutional affiliations of authors in leading criminology and criminal justice journals in the subsequent five-year period after their study. Additionally, this study replicated Fabianic's (2002) study, by assessing the average publications of the faculty at the most productive criminal justice graduate programs. The current study examined the years 2000-2004 and made comparisons to the previous studies, which assessed 1995-1999. Findings revealed the University of Cincinnati and the University of Maryland were the most productive institutions and had the most productive faculty. 相似文献
118.
119.
Barry Schwartz 《犯罪学》1973,11(2):233-357
120.
Water as a political good: implications for investments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marco Schouten Klaas Schwartz 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2006,6(4):407-421
There is an urgent need for investments in the water sector. Still about a billion people lack access to drinking water services,
and the double amount lacks proper sanitation services. To reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) substantial additional
funding needs to be accessed. In view of the low priority given to the water sector by all prospective investors, the perspective
of failure to reach the MDGs is eminent. The main argument made in this paper is that a formidable obstacle in accessing and
using funds in the water sector is the omission to include explicitly the political nature of water in investment decisions.
Due to its multifaceted and internally conflicting character, politics are a fact of life in the water sector. The menu of
(suitable) investment options for a given locality is very much dependent on the political environment in which these water
services are to be provided. While the impact of the political realm on water services is often acknowledged (most frequently
in negative terms as it is seen as one of the main causes of poor performance of public utilities), few professionals really
take the political environment explicitly into account when taking decisions relating to the provision of water services.
In this paper it is propagated that the political dimension of water should be made explicit in an attempt to increase access
and sustainability of investments in the water sector. Sound and sustainable investment in water services can only be achieved
by taking into account the existing political environment in which those water services are to be delivered. 相似文献