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101.
Lareu M Puente J Sobrino B Quintáns B Brión M Carracedo A 《Forensic science international》2001,118(2-3):163-168
A novel methodology based on PCR monitoring on-line with fluorescent formats using the LightCycler for Y chromosome SNP typing is proposed. The main advantages of the system are the time necessary for the analysis (which is around 20 min), the robustness and the accuracy of the method and especially its sensitivity, which permits the detection of the male component in male-female mixtures up to 1:300 for some of the SNPs.Singleplexes of four different SNPs (M9, sY81, SRY-1532 and SRY-2627) as well as two duplexes (M9 and sY81 on the one hand and SRY-1532 and SRY-2627 on the other) were efficiently implemented. A simultaneous amplification and analysis of the four SNPs is also possible. It seems difficult with the current methodology to implement more than a quadruplex. 相似文献
102.
Frank Neubacher Michael Walter Helena Vaacute;lková Krzysztof Krajewski 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》1999,7(4):539-562
The authors trace and compare the developments in recorded juvenile delinquency in Hamburg, Prague, Cracow and Budapest from 1991-1997 and then analyse the processing and selection procedures of the various justice systems. They devote special attention to ethnic minorities within this filtering process. The most salient feature is that the crime rates and processing structures in the former socialist countries display considerable similarities. It would almost be possible to speak of a specific type of criminal justice system with a typical form of reaction. While in the West, the large number of suspects is considerably reduced during later stages of selection to a much smaller number (those actually sentenced and/or imprisoned), what the authors call a funnel model, in the East a smaller number of suspected offenders enters this selection process, but tends to remain within it and be sentenced - the cylinder model. These procedural structures have changed little in the 1990s, and there has certainly not been any increasing alignment of the Eastern systems with the Western one. Indeed, the difference has, if anything, become greater. These lower crime statistics as compared with the West - represented here by Hamburg - are, however, not only the result of equally large discrepancies between the real crime rates, but in this regard the pro-active crime prevention measures of the police, which in Hamburg have caused the inclusion of an increased number of juveniles and foreigners in the crime statistics since 1995, have also had a great effect. The research project thus clearly demonstrates the importance of interpreting crime statistics neither as a true representation nor as a distorted reflection of the activities of a criminal justice system. Instead, these statistics should be seen as reflecting specific processing procedures and methods of crime control. 相似文献
103.
Gábor Halász 《European Journal for Education Law and Policy》1999,3(1):29-36
The article presents an analysis of the expected impact of EU accession on the Hungarian education, training and academic
research system with a number of recommendations for an integration policy in these sectors. The first part of the article
develops four themes: (1) the current level of preparation of the country for accession in the education sector, (2) the possible
longer term benefits of accession, (3) the shorter term costs and (4) the most important elements of a policy of integration.
A distinction is made between material and cultural, and that of political cost and benefits, the stress being laid on the
second. One of the conclusions of the author is that accession may open up a number of new opportunities for the development
and modernisation of the country but that these can be exploited only if the country has a coherent sectorial strategy. Specific
preparation actions are proposed in the areas of school education, higher education, vocational training and research policy.
The article presents a list of the most important short term government measures and the needs for institutional development.
It also makes a proposal for possible further themes of investigation and research.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
104.
105.
Paraquat (gramoxone) poisoning in south-west Hungary, 1977-1984. Toxicological and histopathological aspects of group intoxication cases 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
L Harsányi A Németh A Láng 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》1987,8(2):131-134
Fifty-six cases of paraquat poisoning were examined during the 8 years 1977-1984. The ratio of cases of accidental to intentional ingestion of the poison was 1:1; 23.2% of the total (13/56) survived several months or years. In 1983, 11 subjects accidentally drank 10-30 ml of gramoxone; eight of 11 died in 2 weeks. Toxicological investigations demonstrated rapid elimination of poison from the blood, as well as prolonged fixation of paraquat in the lung, kidney, liver, and spleen tissues. Histological examinations showed multiorgan failure from renal tubular necrosis and pulmonary hemorrhage with alveolar epithelial injury. Pulmonary proliferative changes were present in only two cases who survived 7 and 10 days and in which artificial ventilation was utilized. 相似文献
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107.
Anand n. Asthana 《公共行政管理与发展》2008,28(3):181-189
This article presents empirical findings regarding the relationship between decentralisation of provision of water supply and corruption in provision of services. The current policy advice from the international agencies of aiming for decentralisation as an end in itself is questioned. The conventional wisdom that decentralisation brings management closer to the service recipients and is therefore likely to reduce corruption is also disputed. Drawing on a large database from two large Indian states of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, the interaction between various actors is analysed. We find that the level of corruption in water supply agencies run by local governments is higher than that in the agencies run by the regional government. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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