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991.
It is emphasized that history, complaints, a comprehensive neurological examination, craniography are not often sufficient for differentiation between brain concussion and mild brain contusion in children because of specific characteristics of craniocerebral trauma (CCT) in such patients. To make an adequate forensic medical diagnosis of CCT in children, it is necessary to take into consideration anatomophysiological peculiarities of a child, biomechanical conditions of the brain injury, to apply modern methods of neurovisualization (ultrasonography, computed and MR imaging), to follow up brain function with quantitative electroencephalography. Improvement of differential forensic-medical assessment of CCT severity in childhood should be made according to the principles of evidence-based medicine. 相似文献
992.
The article presents toxicological characteristics of 198 cases of acute parenteral poisoning with morphine and heroin in the range of concentrations of their metabolites in the blood and urine which occur in practice. Risk of death is quantified in the range of possible morphine concentrations in the blood in acute opiates intoxication with reference to gender and age. Assessment of the criteria of quantitative opiates toxicity was made according to the method of logit regression and dose-effect curve suitable for analysis of correlations between probability of death and blood concentrations of opiates metabolites. Conditional lethal doses in respect to gender and age are calculated. 相似文献
993.
Possibilities of a complex study of the damage to the body and clothes caused by shots from non-lethal arms (unstem gun PB-4 from a complex Osa) are illustrated by real expert tasks from forensic medical practice. A combination of experimental shots with emission spectral analysis of the objects of the study and targets is validated for determination of the patron characteristics and composition as well as shooting diastance. 相似文献
994.
Facts of prehospital death of 109 heroin addicts are analysed and systematized. It is shown that examination of the corpse at the point of detection may provide information on the circumstances of death and its cause. Correlation between morphine concentration in the corpse tissues and circumstances of death is studied. It is found that information about the victim and facts of his/her death suggest cause of death and help in directions of post-mortem examination and choice of diagnostic procedures. 相似文献
995.
A molecular-genetic analysis of Y chromosome is a convenient tool of paternal affinity determination. This method is now widely introduced in expert practice. Previous experience in typing of Y chromosome is outlined. Strategy of development and experience in operating a multiplex system for a simultaneous analysis of seven STR loci of Y chromosome is discussed. 相似文献
996.
997.
Celbis O Aydin NE Kok AN 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2006,27(4):345-346
European Union (EU) is expanding its territories, and Turkey has been making adaptive changes in many aspects for an integration with EU. In this regard, amendments on forensic autopsy procedures have been effective from June 1, 2005. This article delineates these changes, emphasizing the differences between the previous and the current procedures. 相似文献
998.
The competitive benefits of pay-for-performance (P4P) financial incentives are widely assumed. These incentives can affect health care through several mechanisms, however, not all of which involve competition. This insight has three implications. First, federal antitrust enforcement should continue to scrutinize P4P arrangements. Second, government needs to play a larger role in P4P than through antitrust oversight. Third, widespread enthusiasm for a particular health policy reform does not relieve policy makers of the obligation to understand its theoretical basis. 相似文献
999.
Byard RW Blumbergs P Scott G Kennedy JD Riches KJ Martin J Thompson GN 《The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology》2006,27(4):340-344
This report highlights the importance of undertaking immunohistochemical staining of the brains of infants who die unexpectedly, as it may not only assist with the evaluation of the cause of death in an individual infant but may also help with the clinical management of subsequent siblings. A 5-month-old male infant who died suddenly was found to have diffuse beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP) staining in the brain, with no unusual features in his history, death scene examination, routine autopsy dissection, and ancillary tests to suggest any definite cause of death. Due to the beta-APP staining, the possibility of previous episodes of occult trauma, apparent life threatening events (ALTEs), and accidental or inflicted suffocation was raised in the autopsy report. As detailed analyses and investigations provided no supportive evidence for trauma or inflicted injury, hypoxia was clinically considered the most likely cause. Because of these concerns, sleeping oxygen saturation levels were monitored following the birth of a subsequent sibling who had normal APGAR scores and no evidence of any health problems. Oxygen desaturation to 70% occurred in association with a color change while on the postnatal ward, and a subsequent polysomnogram showed multiple episodic significant desaturations to around 80% in association with central apnea. Other testing was unremarkable. These cases demonstrate that beta-APP staining of the brain may not only provide clues as to possible mechanisms of death in pediatric forensic cases but may indicate a need for careful clinical evaluation of subsequent siblings for possible central apnea requiring oxygen therapy. 相似文献
1000.
Mura P Chatelain C Dumestre V Gaulier JM Ghysel MH Lacroix C Kergueris MF Lhermitte M Moulsma M Pépin G Vincent F Kintz P 《Forensic science international》2006,160(2-3):168-172
A collaborative study was conducted in France in order to determine the prevalence of cannabinoids, opiates, cocaine metabolites and amphetamines in blood samples from drivers killed in road accidents in 2003 and 2004 and to compare these values with those of a previous study performed during the period 2000-2001 involving 900 drivers. Blood samples were provided from 2003 under 30-year-old drivers, killed in a traffic accident. Drugs of abuse were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using the same analytical procedures in all the 12 laboratories. The most frequently observed compounds were by far cannabinoids, that tested positive in 39.6% of the total number of samples. Delta9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most active of the principle constituents in marijuana (cannabis sativa), was detected in the blood of 28.9% drivers and was the single drug of abuse in 80.2% of the positive cases. It was associated with amphetamines in 7.4% and with opiates and cocaine in 1.9 and 4.8%, respectively. Amphetamines were present in 3.1% of the total number of samples, cocaine metabolites in 3.0% and opiates in 3.5%. When comparing these results with those of a previous study performed 3 years before, a significant increase is observed for THC (28.9% versus 16.9%), cocaine metabolites (3.0% versus 0.2%) and amphetamines (3.1% versus 1.4%). This study demonstrates the critical necessity of implementing in France as soon as possible systematical roadside testing for drugs of abuse. 相似文献