滋阴潜阳法对肾性高血压大鼠神经免疫调节的影响

目的：观察滋阴潜阳法对二肾一夹肾性高血压模型大鼠(2K1C—RHR)的治疗作用及神经免疫调节，从神经免疫调节角度探讨滋阴潜阳法的作用机制。方法：复制2K1C—RHR模型，用滋阴潜阳中药治疗5周后，用放射免疫法测定血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、神经肽(NPY)、神经降压素(NT)及白细胞介素(IL4)含量。结果：滋阴潜阳法明显降低模型大鼠血中AngⅡ、NPY、IL-4含量，而升高NT含量。结论：滋阴潜阳法能明显调节肾性高血压大鼠AngⅡ、NPY、IL-4、NT含量，其神经免疫调节可能是其发挥治疗作用的机制之一。     

Location privacy: The challenges of mobile service devices

Adding to the current debate, this article focuses on the personal data and privacy challenges posed by private industry's use of smart mobile devices that provide location-based services to users and consumers. Directly relevant to personal data protection are valid concerns about the collection, retention, use and accessibility of this kind of personal data, in relation to which a key issue is whether valid consent is ever obtained from users. While it is indisputable that geo-location technologies serve important functions, their potential use for surveillance and invasion of privacy should not be overlooked. Thus, in this study we address the question of how a legal regime can ensure the proper functionality of geo-location technologies while preventing their misuse. In doing so, we examine whether information gathered from geo-location technologies is a form of personal data, how it is related to privacy and whether current legal protection mechanisms are adequate. We argue that geo-location data are indeed a type of personal data. Not only is this kind of data related to an identified or identifiable person, it can reveal also core biographical personal data. What is needed is the strengthening of the existing law that protects personal data (including location data), and a flexible legal response that can incorporate the ever-evolving and unknown advances in technology.     

China,the United States,bargaining, and climate change

Knowing what is at stake in terms of likely damages from accumulating greenhouse gases, how can major emitters fail to reach agreement on limits? Bargaining analysis suggests that an uneven distribution of abatement costs over time may play a significant part. Using a stylized, complete-information model of the strategic space facing the two largest emitters of greenhouse gases, China and the United States, a simple numerical example reaches a strong and surprising conclusion: To be feasible under current technological and economic conditions, any international agreement on climate change will have to allocate a level of future emissions for carbon dioxide in China that is at least twice as large as the level for the United States, in order to account for the effects on Chinese interests from continued economic growth.     

论股权性质简

股权为基于股东资格所获得的,依据《公司法》和《公司章程》对公司享有的经济利益和参与公司管理的权利.理论界对股权的性质认识不一,通说认为股权是社员权,但社员权理论存在诸多的缺陷.股权本质上应属于一项独立的财产权,既非物权也非债权,而是以财产权为核心构建的一系列权利的集合体.作为一种新型独立的财产权,股权不但具有物权的占有、使用、收益、处分的权能,而且还具有基于股东地位而享有的为维护股权合法利益而存在的一系列辅助权利的权能.     

Rape and Sexual Violence as Torture and Genocide in the Decisions of International Tribunals: Transjudicial Networks and the Development of International Criminal Law

International criminal tribunals established by the UN Security Council in the 1990s have been widely acclaimed as active participants in the modern system of dynamic criminal justice. One of their best known achievements is the prosecution of rape and sexual assaults. The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) set an example for other tribunals to follow. By interpreting a variety of international laws, the community of international legal professionals has been able to shift the prevailing understanding of rape and sexual violence away from that of an “unfortunate byproducts of war.” Not only has the epistemic community of legal professionals been able to end impunity for these crimes, but case-law of international tribunals has become a basis for subsequent trials at quasi-international tribunals. Decisions of the tribunals have been instrumental in drafting the Statute of the International Criminal Court and can be regarded as an example of the formation of new international norms by means of judicial decisions.     

The Local Corporatist State and NGO Relations in China

This article examines the Chinese state's interactions and influences on the development of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) through a corporatist framework. It suggests that not only is the central state actively involved in the development of NGOs, but increasingly the successes of NGOs are determined by their interactions with the local state. We profile NGOs in Shanghai, of varying sizes, budgets and issue-areas, as a case study to understand the interplay between NGOs and the local state. The article further discusses reasons behind the growing shift from central to local state influences, and the potential future implications for state–NGO relations in China.     

Blood concentrations of tetracaine and its metabolite following spinal anesthesia

Blood concentrations of tetracaine and its metabolite, p-butylaminobenzoic acid, were measured after spinal anesthesia with tetracaine which had been administered to patients under going orthopedic surgery. Tetracaine, an ester anesthetic, was given to 10 patients, the dose was 8-14mg, and blood samples were collected 1, 2 and 6h after the injection of tetracaine. We used gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for purposes of analysis. Tetracaine was not detected in any blood sample, but the metabolite was detected in each sample with the mean concentrations of 126.5, 97.9 and 43.3ng/ml at 1, 2 and 6h, respectively. This data will be useful in determination of the cause of death after spinal anesthesia with tetracaine.     

STR data for the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and COfiler loci from the Maghreb (North Africa)

Allele frequencies for 13 STRs (D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, THO1, TPOX, CSF1PO and D16S539) included in the AmpFlSTR Profiler Plus and COfiler kits were determined for a population sample from the Maghreb (Northern Africa).