晚清新式学堂的组织架构——从同文馆看19世纪中后期的新式学堂

晚清新式学堂的组织形式基本上是一种保守的官僚机构,具有明显的等级性和保守性。从组织角度来看,同文馆的组织结构很简单,管理幅度不宽,属于一个小型集权组织。晚清的新式教育机构带有旧式官学和西洋学校的混合特征。     

大学生助学贷款制度之国际比较与启示

国家助学贷款制度是对贫困学生进行资助的重要途径.本文拟对西方国家助学贷款制度的特色和我国助学贷款制度的瓶颈制约进行梳理和阐释,并提出相关对策建议,以期对完善我国国家助学贷款制度提供有益的借鉴和启示.     

邓小平决策恢复高考

恢复高等学校招生考试制度,是邓小平酝酿多年的一个拨乱反正的重大举措。恢复高考的决策,是1977年8月6日邓小平在他主持的科学和教育工作座谈会上,根据教育、科技工作者的建议确定的。在决策过程中,邓小平从尽快培养人才的大局出发,关心和爱护知识青年,亲自过问制定了许多重大政策,诸如:改变录取比例,扩大招生范围,为广大的社会知识青年上大学创造条件;放宽招生年龄婚姻限制,为老三届学生特别是大龄下乡青年上大学制定特殊政策;修改繁琐的政审条件,实行择优录取,等等。邓小平决策恢复高考,是全面拨乱反正、开辟中国特色社会主义新道路的一个突破口,为中国社会主义改革开放和现代化建设培养了一批承前启后、继往开来的高素质人才。这批人后来都是现代化建设各个领域的骨干,如今已成为社会的中坚。     

从军事角度比较郑成功与施琅的两次征台之役

1661年郑成功收复台湾与1783年清朝统一台湾,是对台湾历史发展走向造成深远影响的两次军事行动,但这两次行动的具体进程却大相径庭。之所以会出现如此区别,除了政治、经济等方面的原因之外,军事上的各种主客观因素,如作战方式、战场环境、武器装备、外部增援、后勤补给等,同样对战争进程起到了不可忽视的影响。     

A Simple Method of VNTR D1S80 Locus Allelic Ladder Construction for Capillary Electrophoresis‐based Genotyping

VNTR D1S80 locus genotyping has been largely replaced in forensics by STR. As the statute of limitations on murder cases was abolished in the Republic of Korea in July 2015, the demand for re‐analysis of DNA from unresolved murder cases has increased. The National Forensic Service includes several recorded D1S80 genotypes as crucial clues. Here, we re‐established the D1S80 analysis system using capillary electrophoresis and confirmed the reproducibility of the system by comparison with the genotypes of eight DNA samples that had been analyzed using PAGE in 2006. In addition, we created an allelic ladder via new methodology using flanking region sequences. A single DNA sample (K562) and seven primers were used for the new ladder, which contains 12 alleles. Although artificial owing to the use of the flanking region rather than repeat unit reduction, the method is rapid and simple, and could be applicable in any laboratory.     

水胺硫磷中毒气相色谱/质谱检验

用GC/MS检验水胺硫磷,由于水胺硫磷热稳定性差,且质谱谱库无水胺硫磷的结构,笔者用质谱离子碎片峰解析,确认了水胺硫磷.     

美国大学对学生作弊的治理及其启示

美国的大学生作弊现象层出不穷,严重威胁着社会的主流价值。为应对这种挑战,大学校方采取了制定并执行"荣誉行为准则"等治理措施,收到了一定的效果。这对我国的大学具有一定的启示借鉴作用。     

The Changing Faces of Europeanisation: How Did the European Union Influence Corruption in Slovakia Before and After Accession?

The paper looks at the European Union's impact on corruption in Slovakia, both before and after the country's accession to the European Union. It shows that even though pre-accession channels of influence diminish or disappear, membership brings new means of influence. Our methodology looks beyond institutional changes and explicit anti-corruption mechanisms. Before 1999, the European Union's influence on corruption was close to zero, and between 1999 and 2004, its influence was strong and positive. Post-accession developments are more ambiguous, but despite an apparent worsening of corruption after 2004, we observe a transformation rather than a loss of European Union influence.     

A Biopsychosocial Model of Body Image Concerns and Disordered Eating in Early Adolescent Girls

Body image and eating concerns are prevalent among early adolescent girls, and associated with biological, psychological and sociocultural risk factors. To date, explorations of biopsychosocial models of body image concerns and disordered eating in early adolescent girls are lacking. A sample of 488 early adolescent girls, mean age = 12.35 years (SD = 0.53), completed a questionnaire assessing depressive symptoms, self-esteem, body mass index (BMI), sociocultural appearance pressures, thin-ideal internalization, appearance comparison, body image concerns and disordered eating. Structural equation modelling was conducted to test a hypothetical model in which internalization and comparison were mediators of the effect of both negative affect and sociocultural influences on body image concerns and disordered eating. In addition, the model proposed that BMI would impact body image concerns. Although the initial model was a poor fit to the data, the fit was improved after the addition of a direct pathway between negative affect and bulimic symptoms. The final model explained a large to moderate proportion of the variance in body image and eating concerns. This study supports the role of negative affect in biopsychosocial models of the development of body image concerns and disordered eating in early adolescent girls. Interventions including strategies to address negative affect as well as sociocultural appearance pressures may help decrease the risk for body image concerns and disordered eating among this age group.     

The Symbolic Advantages and Brand Symbolic Models of Zhejiang Enterprises——from the Perspective of Brand Semiotics

As the major business group of China, Zhejiang Enterprises have undergone a marked promotion from tangible products advantages to intangible brand value. The brand resources have become the significant cultural asset for transformation and upgrading. Based on combing the symbolic advantages of Zhejiang Enterprises, this paper studies the symbolic connotation of Zhejiang Enterprises brand in different stages after the reform and opening from the brand semiotic theoretical view. The paper establishes four brand models: A, GB, DB and IB, which will be the important theoretical references for Zhejiang Enterprises in the development of cultural industry, improving the brand symbolic vitality and participating in the competition of the world brands.