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931.
AbstractWe offer a historically grounded analysis of major works in the study of Japanese politics with a focus on the period since the Second World War. The article traces an evolution from early assessments of Japanese democracy and modernization through the focus on the political economy of high growth to the current disciplinary-based emphasis on narrower but more empirically defensible research. We close with a call for future research to take greater risks at synthetic analyses of Japanese politics broadly considered. 相似文献
932.
Policy Sciences - Policy design has returned as a central topic in public policy research. An important area of policy design study deals with effectively attaining desired policy outcomes by... 相似文献
933.
934.
935.
Abstract: We examined the characteristics of subway train‐related fatalities in New York City between Jan. 1, 2003 and May 31, 2007 in order to determine which factors are useful in differentiating accident from suicide. Subway train‐related deaths with homicide and undetermined manners also are included. During this period, there were 211 subway train‐related fatalities. The manners of death were: suicide (n = 111), accident (n = 76), undetermined (n = 20), and homicide (n = 4). The causes of death were blunt trauma (n = 206) and electrocution (n = 5). Torso transection and extremity amputation were more frequent in suicides. Antidepressant medications were more frequently detected in suicides, whereas cocaine and ethanol were more frequent in accidents. However, autopsy findings should be weighed in the context of the entire evaluation along with other circumstantial and investigative findings. In unwitnessed deaths where additional information is unavailable or discrepant, the most appropriate manner of death usually is undetermined. 相似文献
936.
Bradley T. Brick Terrance J. Taylor Finn-Aage Esbensen 《Journal of criminal justice》2009,37(5):488-495
Citizens' attitudes toward police have been examined in a variety of contexts during the past several decades. Additionally, the importance of juveniles' attitudes towards the police has received considerable attention during the past decade. The current article examines attitudes toward police from a large, multi-site study of sixth to ninth grade youths. Three specific questions were examined: (1) What is the influence of police contact (generally and by different types of contact) on juvenile attitudes toward the police? (2) How does involvement in delinquent subcultures affect these attitudes? (3) How do community contexts and ties influence juvenile attitudes toward the police? Results suggested that community ties and involvement in delinquent subcultures substantially mediate the influence of police contact on juveniles' attitudes toward the police. 相似文献
937.
This study examined the role of cognitive control in explaining the psychosocial maturity of adolescent (n = 43) and young adult male (n = 40) offenders. We separated psychosocial maturity into prosocial and criminal components, which were statistically unrelated
and were explained by different variables. Individuals with higher levels of prosocial maturity were older, had better proactive
cognitive control, and had better short-term memory than those with lower levels of prosocial maturity. Individuals with higher
levels of criminal maturity were older and had better reactive cognitive control than those with lower levels of criminal
maturity. We discuss the implications of these findings with regard to juvenile justice policy and practice. 相似文献
938.
J.E.L. VanDerNagel K.P. Tuts T. Hoekstra E.O. Noorthoorn 《International journal of law and psychiatry》2009,32(6):408-412
Knowledge of how nurses experience the process of secluding a patient can be useful in improving the quality of patient care and in the prevention of work related stress in nurses. This study describes personal experiences of nurses throughout the seclusion process. The emotions which came to surface in semi-structured interviews with 8 nurses were categorized in three main themes (Tension, Trust and Power) and a stress response curve was identified in the seclusion process, with specific feelings in each phase. Feelings denied in former studies such as feeling superior, anger and disgust were found in the interviews in this study. 相似文献
939.
ROYCE CARROLL JEFFREY B. LEWIS JAMES LO KEITH T. POOLE HOWARD ROSENTHAL 《Legislative Studies Quarterly》2009,34(4):555-591
Empirical models of spatial voting allow us to infer legislators' locations in an abstract policy or ideological space using their roll‐call votes. Over the past 25 years, these models have provided new insights about the U.S. Congress, and legislative behavior more generally. There are now a number of alternative models, estimators, and software packages that researchers can use to recover latent issue or ideological spaces from voting data. These different tools usually produce substantively similar estimates, but important differences also arise. We investigated the sources of observed differences between two leading methods, NOMINATE and IDEAL. Using data from the 1994 to 1997 Supreme Court and the 109th Senate, we determined that while some observed differences in the estimates produced by each model stem from fundamental differences in the models' underlying behavioral assumptions, others arise from arbitrary differences in implementation. Our Monte Carlo experiments revealed that neither model has a clear advantage over the other in the recovery of legislator locations or roll‐call midpoints in either large or small legislatures. 相似文献
940.
Taft CT Monson CM Schumm JA Watkins LE Panuzio J Resick PA 《Journal of family violence》2009,24(6):389-396
This study tested a model examining the interrelationships among posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, intimate relationship
adjustment, and intimate relationship aggression in a sample of 205 adult female flood victims. At the bivariate level, higher
PTSD symptoms were associated with higher physical and psychological aggression victimization, poorer relationship adjustment,
and higher physical and psychological aggression perpetration. Results from structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses indicated
that relationship aggression victimization influenced aggression perpetration directly, and in the case of physical aggression,
indirectly through its relationship with PTSD symptoms and relationship adjustment. The influence of PTSD symptoms on physical
aggression perpetration was fully explained by poorer relationship adjustment. These findings extend prior work from other
traumatized populations documenting associations between variables reflecting PTSD symptomatology and indices of relationship
functioning, and indicate a need for further investigation in this area of inquiry.
This research was supported in part by a grant to Patricia A. Resick from the National Institute of Mental Health (1-R01-MH55542). 相似文献