Culture in transition: Awareness and appropriate response to domestic violence among Hmong American college students

This explanatory study examined Hmong college students’ experience, awareness, and appropriate response to domestic violence in the Hmong community, using a survey (n?=?231) at one of the largest Hmong-serving institutions in the United States. Findings indicated that 32.8% of Hmong college women had some violence from their romantic partners and two thirds of Hmong college men and women were aware of violence in the Hmong community. Those young generation Hmong reported that the most appropriate method to solve conflicts within the Hmong community is through the traditional clan system. These results can be used to begin formulating research-based cultural competence education for providers in the criminal justice system and facilitate discussions on youth perceptions.     

A generalization of the obligation to prevent: From genocide convention to racial discrimination convention

The decision of the International Court of Justice in the case concerning the application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (“Genocide Convention”) highlights states’ obligations under the Convention, especially the obligation to prevent. When it comes to the case concerning the International Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (“Racial Discrimination Convention”), the decision of the Court indicating provisional measures seemingly purported to generalize its jurisprudence in the Genocide Case. By elaborating this kind of new jurisprudence, the Court echoed to the responsibility to protect, as well as to Article 48 and Article 54 of the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (“Draft Articles of State Responsibility”). It appears that each State Party should have an obligation to intervene in the coming genocide incidence, perhaps as well as in the coming racial discrimination cases. Nevertheless it is unclear in what manner a state could implement it effectively.     

行政冲突的价值分析--公共管理新模式探索

公共领域的冲突或危机管理模式是价值观、信仰以及稀少的地位、权力和资源分配上的斗争,具有一定的负功能;关注公共领域中的冲突管理或危机管理并不是涉及双方行政关系的基础,不是核心价值的冲突,而是民主性质的公共规则控制下的冲突,是公共领域可以承受,并对公共管理结构的整合提供动力的冲突,使人们能够运用冲突的危机探索并接近解决的可能性的冲突,因而是具有正功能的冲突.认为,虽然冲突管理或危机管理也具有反功能,有一定风险,但影响是有限的,因此,危机管理或冲突管理的正功能成为研究的重点.     

应用于沥青路面的化学抑尘剂效果试验

对一种应用于沥青路面的化学抑尘剂,进行了现场抑制排放浓度和排放量的效果试验。抑尘剂应用于郊区沥青道路,对喷洒抑尘剂和未喷洒抑尘剂路段两侧颗粒物浓度进行测量,结果显示抑制PM10排放浓度效率为22%;抑尘剂应用于城区辅路,通过对抑尘剂喷洒前后路面粉土负荷的测量分析,根据AP-42排放因子公式模型计算颗粒物排放量,10%和3%两种浓度抑尘剂,28 d内抑制PM10排放量平均效率分别为49%和30%,35%浓度抑尘剂由于受工地干扰,效率为18%;抑尘剂应用于工地出口破损道路,对抑尘剂喷洒前后路边颗粒物浓度测量分析,结果显示2 d内平均抑制PM10排放浓度效率为82%,与洒水4 h内的效率接近但持续时间比洒水长。     

刑事被告人诉讼目的探析

刑事被告人的诉讼目的具有独立的价值,它是刑事被告人作为诉讼主体的必然要求,其根基就在于刑事诉讼的诉权。从理性的角度来看,刑事被告人的诉讼目的在于通过公正的司法使社会的法治与安全得到维护;从实践的角度看,其具体的诉讼目的在于通过程序的正当性,及时充分地实现求审权,以获得公正的实体裁判。     

对强制猥亵妇女罪的思考

对刑法中的“强制猥亵妇女罪”概念及特征的认识学界可谓各持一端 ,尚无一个十分确定的看法。借鉴国际性学会在《香港性权宣言》中提出的新型性权利概念 ,来认识我国强制猥亵妇女罪的客体特征 ,并以此为切入点 ,科学界定其犯罪对象、客观方面、主观方面等特征 ,从而提出完善立法的建议。     

Average Probability that a "Cold Hit" in a DNA Database Search Results in an Erroneous Attribution

Abstract:  We consider a hypothetical series of cases in which the DNA profile of a crime-scene sample is found to match a known profile in a DNA database (i.e., a "cold hit"), resulting in the identification of a suspect based only on genetic evidence. We show that the average probability that there is another person in the population whose profile matches the crime-scene sample but who is not in the database is approximately 2( N  −  d ) p _A , where N is the number of individuals in the population, d is the number of profiles in the database, and p _A is the average match probability (AMP) for the population. The AMP is estimated by computing the average of the probabilities that two individuals in the population have the same profile. We show further that if a priori each individual in the population is equally likely to have left the crime-scene sample, then the average probability that the database search attributes the crime-scene sample to a wrong person is ( N  −  d ) p _A .     

青少年骨龄标准身高、体重和体重指数生长图表

目的制订青少年骨龄标准身高、体重和体重指数生长图表,为年龄推测时评价青少年基本发育状况提供参考。方法研究样本为2005年中国5城市抽取的3-19岁汉族正常青少年和儿童16570名（男8282,女8288）。应用RUS-CHN法评价受试者手腕部骨龄,由Box-Cox幂指数分布（Box-Cox power exponential distribution,BCPE）模型估价以骨龄分组的身高、体重和体重指数（Body mass index,BMI）百分位数。结果根据最小Akaike信息准测（Akaike Information Criterion,AIC）和广义AIC（Generalized AIC）选择了身高、体重和BMI BCPE模型μ,σ,ν,τ参数的自由度,依据BCPE模型所估价的百分位数曲线下样本例数的百分数与理论期望值相差在0.01%-1.21%之间。结论所选择的BCPE模型符合青少年儿童样本以骨龄分组的身高、体重和BMI数据的实际分布,所提出的生长图表可用于年龄推测中青少年基本生长发育状况的评价。     

荧光定量PCR技术研究线粒体DNA nt16519单核苷酸多态性

目的应用荧光定量PCR技术,建立mtDNA nt16519位点的PCR分型方法。方法应用Primer Express3．0软件,设计1对Taqman MGB探针和1埘扩增引物,在探针的5’端分别标记FAM和VIC报告荧光,应用7500荧光定量PCR和直接测序两种方法,分别榆测62份血样和18份毛发样本的mtDNA nt16519单核苷酸多态性,比较二种方法结果的一致性。结果62份血样和18份毛发样本均得到了可靠的mtDNA nt16519分型结果。结论建立的荧光定量PCR的分型方法操作简单、结果准确,适用于法医DNA检案。