血液保存中碳氧血红蛋白稳定性研究进展

通过分析近年来有关血液样品中碳氧血红蛋白稳定性方面的研究资料,发现血液中碳氧血红蛋白的稳定性受到盛放容器、保存温度、容器顶部空气体积、初始HbCO饱和度及防腐剂的添加与否的影响,其中保存温度、容器顶部空气体积及初始HbCO饱和度则是其主要影响因素。     

新自由主义、金融危机与金融监管体制之变革

新自由主义理念支配下的华尔街金融创新日新月异,金融市场"高度繁荣"。受此影响,监管领域出现了反监管思潮,其逻辑后果便是市场与政府(监管)出现双重失灵,金融危机爆发并蔓延。美国金融监管权力配置的欠缺导致监管冲突与监管真空;监管成本与监管收益不匹配;监管部门组成人员配置不合理。在全球金融体制风云变幻的今天,汲取美国教训、完善我国金融监管体制应重点关注:信守保护投资者和消费者之市场永恒价值真谛;建立宏观审慎监管体制以应对系统性风险;通过内部控制与外部监管,完善金融机构治理;构建对监管者之"监管"制度;重点监管民间金融和影子银行系统。     

Sex assessment using measurements of the first lumbar vertebra

Sex determination is a vital part of the medico-legal system but can be difficult in cases where the integrity of the body has been compromised. The purpose of this study was to develop a technique for sex assessment from measurements of the first lumber vertebrate. Twenty-nine linear measurements and five ratios were collected from 113 Chinese adult males and 97 Chinese adult females using digital three-dimensional anthropometry methods. By using discriminant analysis, we found that 23 linear measurements and two ratios identified sexual dimorphism (P<0.01), with predictive accuracy ranging from 57.1% to 86.6%. Using a stepwise method of discriminant function analysis, we found three dimensions predicted sex with 88.6% accuracy: (a) upper end-plate width (EPWu), (b) left pedicle height (PHl), and (c) middle end-plate depth (EPDm). This study shows that a single first lumber vertebra can be used for this purpose, and that the discriminant equation will help forensic determination of sex in the Chinese population.     

Sensitive determination of barbiturates in biological matrix by capillary electrophoresis using online large-volume sample stacking

In China, some forensic cases are caused by barbiturates. Thus, the determination of trace level barbiturates in body fluid is important for the poisoning investigation. In this study, an online large-volume sample stacking (LVSS) with polarity switching in capillary electrophoresis (CE) was applied for the sensitive determination of barbiturates. This technique involves injecting a large volume of sample into a capillary and removing the sample matrix plug out of the capillary by reversing the polarity. Quantitation limit obtained was 0.048, 0.057, 0.039, and 0.015 μg/mL for secobarbital, amobarbital, barbital, and phenobarbital (signal-to-noise ratio = 9). By using LVSS, the stacking was simply achieved at 171.7-, 169.7-, 202.7-, and 169.1-fold for the above four barbiturates. The relative standard deviation values of intraday and interday were <2.11% and 4.69%, respectively. Recoveries were ranged from 83.7 to 105.2%. Finally, the trace analysis method was applied to the analysis of real forensic specimens and has achieved satisfactory results.     

Functions of parental involvement and effects of school climate on bullying behaviors among South korean middle school students

This study uses an ecological systems theory to understand bullying behavior. Emphasis is given to overcome limitations found in the literature, such as very little empirical research on functions of parental involvement and the impacts of school climate on bullying as an outcome variable. Two functions of parental involvement investigated are (a) bridging the negative experiences within the family with bullying behaviors at schools, and (b) influencing school climate. Bullying behaviors were measured by a modified Korean version of Olweus' bully/victim questionnaire (reliability range: .78-.84) from 1,238 randomly selected Korean middle school students in 2007. Findings from structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses showed that (a) individual traits are one of the most important influence on bullying, (b) negative experiences in the family do not have direct influence on bullying behaviors at school, (c) parental involvement influences school climate, and (d) positive school climate was negatively related to bullying behaviors.     

Service utilization, perceived changes of self, and life satisfaction among women who experienced intimate partner abuse: the mediation effect of empowerment

This study explored the growth experiences of women abused by their intimate partner, specifically focusing on the associations between social services and empowerment, perceived changes of self, and life satisfaction. The potential effects of demographic variables, social support, coping, and experience of partner abuse were also explored. A survey study was conducted through the collaboration of social workers in the Centers of Prevention and Intervention for Domestic Violence and private sectors in Taiwan. Through contact by their social workers, 191 participants completed the questionnaires. The results revealed that the participants had growth mainly in their psychological and interpersonal domains. The independent variables in the regression model explained 45.3% (adjusted) variance in perceived changes of self. In addition to empowerment and negative impact of violence, intensity of contact and professional relationship were two important service variables that directly and significantly correlated with perceived changes of self. A significant amount of variance (adjusted R2 = .556) in life satisfaction could be explained by the independent variables. Social support and empowerment directly correlated with life satisfaction. The findings also supported the mediation effect of empowerment. Seven variables (e.g., social support, coping method, and professional relationship) indirectly associated with perceived changes of self and life satisfaction through empowerment.     

论政府公权力对农民集体土地所有权的侵害及其治理

当前政府公权力侵害农民集体土地所有权的问题十分严重。对这一问题的治理需要从四个层面考虑：一是从治本之举考虑拟制地方政府追究土地财政的动因;二是改革和完善土地征收与出让制度;三是建立严格的土地征收问责责任制;四是司法权有效制衡行政征收权。     

公共部门人力资本积聚的模型及其投资—收益博弈分析

本文以人力资本运行的三维空间、公共部门人力资本四象限模型、公职人员五极能力模型对公共部门人力资本投资-收益博弈进行了分析。通常,在一定技术条件下,某一生产要素的投入与收益为倒"U"形,即随着投入的增加,收益也会增加,但到一定程度,收益就会减少。随着人力资本存量的增加,它会丰富公职人员的知识,提高其技能,改善其技术条件,从而产生乘数效应,带来公共部门投资的高回报率。     

New Strategies of Civil Society in China: a case study of the network governance approach

Since the turn of the millennium, a second generation of Chinese civil society organisations (CSOs) have started taking on issues such as rural migrant integration, social service provision, as well as community building. Organisations such as Beijing-based Shining Stone Community Action (SSCA) can be seen as the avant-garde of a second wave of humanistic, community-based CSOs which are willing to help improve the strained state–society relationship in the People's Republic of China (PR China). In order to advance their values and interests, civil society practitioners are willing to engage with Chinese government officials. By gaining the trust of First-in-Command (FIC) cadres they manage to introduce ideas such as the principle of subsidiarity, solidarity and reciprocity. Civil society practitioners thereby initiate open-ended processes of communication, consultation and cooperation. Such processes help promote cross-sector collaboration between Chinese civil society organisations and local government agencies. These developments signify an incremental change from government control (guanzhi) to public management (guanli) and to network governance (zhili). As a framework for the case study the authors look at strategies for the establishment of cooperative relations, focusing on steering mechanisms and process factors. In order to further understand the dynamics of cross-sector collaboration they further explore the social capital dimensions of the principle of reciprocity and trust. To evaluate outcomes and impacts of cross-sector collaboration, the authors discuss the ability of collaboration partners to produce tangible results and to innovate. The findings show that successful experiments with cross-sector collaboration not only depend on structural factors but also on the skills and strategies of the individuals and organisations involved.     

中国法律语言规范化研究

依法治国、构建和谐社会要求法律语言必须规范。通过“建设法律语言库”、“总结法律语言应用规则”和“研制法律语言检验规则”的系列方法,可以引导法律语言规范化。