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211.
Silvina J. Vilas-Ghiso Diana M. Liverman 《International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics》2007,7(2):137-169
More than a decade after NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) entered into force, the environmental effects of agricultural
trade liberalization in Mexico are still controversial, emerging, and not fully understood. This paper contributes to the
literature that aims to explore trends in input use in the agricultural sector in Mexico during the post-NAFTA period among
both commercial/industrial and traditional/rainfed farmers, and examines the influence of the national and multilateral institutional
framework on these outcomes. We decompose the post-NAFTA agricultural production data into scale, technique and composition
effects to estimate the impact that trade liberalization has had on the use of fertilizer and land use, two key agricultural
inputs for which reliable aggregate data is available. We conclude that among commercial farmers patterns of crop type specialization
and significant technological improvements have led to some declines in fertilizer use but they have been offset by growth
in fertilizer use associated with growing agricultural output. Among traditional farmers increased output and specialization
in land-intensive grain crops are contributing to an increase in land under cultivation and technological improvements show
the potential, but not yet not the strength, to counteract these effects. We analyse the environmental institutional framework
and rural development plans, observing that institutional weaknesses have, in several instances, reduced the environmental
benefit of technique and composition effects. We conclude with recommendations about how the Mexican agricultural sector might
reap the environmental benefits of international agricultural trade. 相似文献
212.
Forecasters often disagree on revenue predictions because of differing techniques. Some states, such as Utah, have turned to the use of survey research methods to avoid this dilemma. This article reviews many of the national forecasting models examining consumer sentiment currently in use. And it compares the Utah experience with surveys used in other states. 相似文献
213.
A A Iuldashev 《Sudebno-meditsinskaia ekspertiza》1992,35(3):16-18
Presents the results of spectrophotometric and histologic examinations of subdural bleedings, meninges and brain matter in the acute period of a lethal craniocerebral injury. Discusses the possible use of a complex of histologic and biochemical studies in determination of the period elapsed since the injury. 相似文献
214.
Dean G. Pruitt Robert S. Peirce Neil B. McGillicuddy Gary L. Welton Lynn M. Castrianno 《Law and human behavior》1993,17(3):313-330
This article reports the results of a study of the antecedents of long-term success in community mediation. Seventy-three mediation sessions were recorded and content analyzed. The participants were interviewed at two points: immediately after mediation and 4 to 8 months later. No relationship was found between the quality of the agreements—i.e., the extent to which they solved immediate problems- and long-term success as measured by compliance, improved relations between the parties, and the absence of new problems. On the other hand, joint problem solving by the disputants was related to complainant perceptions of improved relations with the other party. Also respondent perceptions that the mediation had been fair and that all the problems had come out were related to all aspects of long-term success in the eyes of the complainant. The latter results support a procedural justice analysis of mediation and underline the importance of mediator attention to the respondent. 相似文献
215.
216.
217.
VGH München 《Natur und Recht》2006,28(10):658-660
Keine Zusammenfassung 相似文献
218.
Muhammad M. Haj-Yahia 《Journal of family violence》2003,18(4):193-206
Despite the recent increase in public and professional interest in the problem of wife beating in Arab society, in Israel, and in the rest of the Arab world, there is a serious lack of empirical research on different dimensions of the problem in those societies. This paper presents the results of a survey conducted among a systematic random sample of 362 Arab husbands from Israel, in an attempt to examine the contribution of patriarchal ideology toward explaining their beliefs about wife beating. Although about 58% of the participants indicated that there is no excuse for a man to beat his wife, 15–62% still justified wife beating on certain occasions (e.g., adultery, failure to obey husbands, disrespect for parents and relatives). In addition, although the participants tended to perceive abusive and violent husbands as responsible for their behavior, 52% still expressed understanding of that behavior and, on some occasions, 23–43% even blamed the wife for violence against her. Regression and multiple regression analyses revealed that over and above the participants' age and level of education, their masculine sex-role stereotypes, negative and traditional attitudes toward women, nonegalitarian marital role expectations, and familial patriarchal beliefs were the most significant predictors of beliefs about wife beating. Implications of the results and limitations of the study are also discussed. 相似文献
219.
220.
How partner violence is transferred across generations is relatively unexplored. This paper proposes that anger expression style (constructive, destructive direct, destructive indirect) mediates the relationship between exposure to family violence and dating violence perpetration by adolescents. Data are from 1,965 completed self-administered questionnaires given to eighth- and ninth-grade students in a primarily rural county in North Carolina in 1994. Results varied by gender and type of exposure to family violence. For females, destructive direct and destructive indirect anger expression styles mediated the relationship between experiencing family violence and dating violence perpetration. For males, this relationship was mediated primarily by destructive direct anger expression style. The association between witnessing family violence and dating violence perpetration for females was mediated by destructive direct anger expression style only. Witnessing family violence was not associated with dating violence perpetration for males, and therefore could not be mediated. This study suggests that adolescents exposed to family violence learn anger expression styles that put them at risk of being perpetrators of dating violence. Further research is needed to identify other mediators that explain how partner violence is transferred across generations. 相似文献