Adolescents' capacities to provide voluntary informed consent

Minors' capacities to provide a valid informed consent for the treatment of medical and psychological disorders are contingent in part on the determination of whether they can make voluntary treatment decisions. The gravity of a medical dilemma and the nature of parental influence are two factors hypothesized to effect and perhaps compromise the voluntariness of treatment decisions made by adolescents. In the present study 40 14- and 15-year-old subjects were asked to note their conviction for treatment decisions they had made in response to hypothetical medical dilemmas in which parental influence varied. It was found that adolescents making treatment decisions are generally deferent to parental influence, although they are more likely to resist parental influence when the consequences of the decision have serious implications for the hypothetical adolescent's health.This investigation was supported in part by a grant from the American Psychology-Law Society/ Division 41 of the American Psychological Association, whose assistance is gratefully acknowledged. Gratitude is also extended to the Albemarle County School District, the Blue Ridge School. and St. Anne's-Belfield for their kind cooperation. The authors wish to thank William Gardner, Jeanne Smith, and Edith Lawrence for their work on behalf of this project. Special recognition is due to Lois A. Weithorn for her guidance and support of this research endeavor.     

Factor similarity of the Conflict Tactics Scales across samples,spouses, and sites: Issues and implications

Wide variations in prevalence estimates of marital aggression point to the absence of a uniform and adequate definition of marital aggression. To focus on the construct validity of Straus' (1979) Conflict Tactics Scales, the most frequently used measure of marital aggression, two studies were conducted. Based on responses to the Conflict Tactics Scales, two consistent factors (viz. Physical and Psychological Aggression) emerged in separate samples of 187 couples seeking therapy for marital problems, and 398 nonclinic couples in beginning marriages. The factor structure was consistent across clinic and nonclinic samples, sex, geographical sites, time, and socioeconomic status. Implications for the measurement of interspousal physical aggression are raised (e.g., mild, moderate, and severe aggression load on the same factor) and appropriate directions for further research on the construct validity of the Conflict Tactics Scales are suggested (e.g., conducting similar factor analyses on aggressive couples).     

Ideology and performance: service delivery in a community mental health center

This study examines the relationships between ideology and service delivery performance in an established community mental health center which is beginning major structural changes. Ideological pluralism among several separate and internally-cohesive units within one organization led to diversity in staff productivity. The implications of ideological pluralism for planned organizational change, policy implementation and administration are explored.     

La réforme des professions au Québec

Sommaire. Le 6 juillet 1973, l'Assemblée nationale du Québec adoptait le projet de loi 250, ou Code des professions, et les vingt et une lois particuliéres qui allaient régir les trente-huit corporations professionnelles du Québec. La mise en vigueur récente de chacune de ces lois constitue me étape importante de la ré forme que connaissent actuellement les professions au Québec. Le présent texte traite de cette transformation d'ensemble. La premiére partie trace les points saillants de la nouvelle législation, qui concernent principalement la définition du statut des corporations professionnelles, les critères de constitution de nouvelles corporations, la nécessité d'une adaptation constante des champs de pratique professionnelle aux besoins de l'heure et du milieu, la conciliation du mode de gestion des corporations et de leurs fonctions sociales, la jonction de la formation académique et de la formation pratique des professionnels, la distinction des notions de discipline et d'inspection professionnelle, et l'admission des étrangers et des canadiens aux corporations professionnelles. La deuxième partie préise le rôle des organismes et des personnes qui sont chargés de la mise en application de la nouvelle législation professionnelle:corporations professionnelles, Conseil interprofessionnel du Québec, Office des professions du Québec, lieutenant-gouvemeur en conseil, et ministre responsable; cette partie indique également les principales fonctions — administratives, réglementaires, ou quasijudiciaires — de chacun de ces organismes ou personnes. Abstract. On 6 July 1973, bill 250, the Code of Professions, and twenty-one specific laws governing the thirty-eight Quebec professional corporations were adopted by the Quebec National Assembly. The recent imlementation of each of these laws represents an important step in the reform oP the Quebec professions. This study considers this transformation as a whole. The ht part identifies the main points of the new legislation and, more specifically, the definition of the status of professional corporations, the criteria for setting up new corporations, the necessity constantly to adapt the field of professional practice to the needs of the times and of the environment, the matching of corporation management practices with their social functions, the merging of academic education with practical training of professionals, the distinction between discipline and professional supervision, and the admission of foreigners and Canadians into professional corations. The second part studies the role of agencies and individuals responsiTle for the implementation of the new professional legislation: professional corporations, the Quebec Interprofessional Council, the Quebec Professions Board, the lieutenant governor in council, and also the main functions — administrative, regulatory, or quasi-judicial of each of these agencies or individuals.     

The primary investigation of material evidence and the evaluation of its suitability for expert biological identification by genomic "dactyloscopy"

Use of DNA "fingerprinting" method for biological analysis of material evidences exhibit new potentials for making concrete expert conclusions. But such expertise is time consuming and difficult to perform that's why it is important to evaluate fitness of expert material for DNA fingerprinting at early stages of object investigation. Method of preliminary treatment of objects sent for DNA fingerprint expertise in case of sexual assault is suggested and tested. This method allows one to evaluate objects easily from the standpoint of possibility to perform such investigation.