Mental Health Literacy and Eating-Disordered Behavior: Beliefs of Adolescent Girls Concerning the Treatment of and Treatment-Seeking for Bulimia Nervosa

This research examined the “mental health literacy” of adolescents concerning eating-disordered behavior. A vignette describing a fictional 16-year old female meeting diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa was presented to 522 female high school students, followed by a series of questions concerning treatment of and treatment-seeking for the problem described. Results indicated that primary care practitioners, mothers and close female friends were most highly regarded as potential sources of help. Self-help interventions, including the use of vitamins and minerals, were also highly regarded, whereas participants were less positive about the benefits of mental health specialists and ambivalent about the use of anti-depressant medication. Most participants believed that the problem described would be difficult to treat, and that relapse was likely even given appropriate treatment. An additional finding of note was that among participants with a high level of eating disorder symptoms (n=36, 6.9%), recognition of an eating problem was poor. We conclude that beliefs likely to be conducive to low and/or inappropriate treatment-seeking for eating problems may be common among adolescent girls. In addition, the findings suggest that prevention programs for the eating disorders need to target not only at-risk individuals, but also individuals in their immediate social environment.     

大学素质教育公选课如何渗透人文精神

大学素质教育公选课,仅仅向学生传授人文知识是不够的,更重要地是向其渗透人文精神,大学生获取人文精神的途径是多的,而教化、示范、内化养成是一条基本途径。     

宪政视野下中国行政权力的制约与监督

如何规范行政权力的运作使其发挥应有的效能,是当前中国政府改革研究中的重要课题。本文认为,必须以宪政为框架规范和约束我国的行政权力,这既是宪政国家内在的本质规定,又是我国行政权力运行的现实要求。针对我国政治权力结构失衡、利益关系主导行政权力等现实障碍,必须从推进政治权力结构的均衡化、重构财政权运行关系等多层面入手,强化对行政权力的制约与监督。     

犯罪概念的"但书"规定理论基础探讨——以可罚的违法性为基础

在我国刑法理论中,学者们对于犯罪概念中“但书”的规定有很多论述,但是对于它的理论基础问题却大都置之不论,难以对“但书”的立法规定形成理论支撑。以“可罚的违法性”为基础,探讨其作为“但书”理论基础的可能性,则利于为“但书”提供较为充足的理论支持。     

从梁漱溟的比较文化观看中西文化

中西文化的冲突与交融一直是中国近代史上的一个重大问题。梁漱溟先生曾在科学和文化两个基点上对东西文化进行了比较,把科学精神和民主精神视为西方文化的结晶,认为具有普遍的绝对的价值。西方的学术思想与我们截然两样,即所谓"科学的精神",同时西方社会"个性伸展、社会性发达",中国社会则个性束缚、社会性不发达。这种比较突显了西方文化的某些先进性。因此,要复兴中国文化就必须学习西方的科学与民主精神。     

A minimax procedure for electing committees

A new voting procedure for electing committees, called the minimax procedure, is described. Based on approval balloting, it chooses the committee that minimizes the maximum Hamming distance to voters’ ballots, where these ballots are weighted by their proximity to other voters’ ballots. This minimax outcome may be diametrically opposed to the outcome obtained by aggregating approval votes in the usual manner, which minimizes the sum of the Hamming distances and is called the minisum outcome. The manipulability of these procedures, and their applicability when election outcomes are restricted in various ways, are also investigated. The minimax procedure is applied to the 2003 Game Theory Society election of a council of 12 new members from a list of 24 candidates. By rendering outlying voters less influential and not antagonizing any voters too much, it arguably would have produced a committee more representative of the interests of all voters than the minisum committee that was elected.     

Competing Principals, Political Institutions, and Party Unity in Legislative Voting

Almost all legislators are subordinate to party leadership within their assemblies. Institutional factors shape whether, and to what degree, legislators are also subject to pressure from other principals whose demands may conflict with those of party leaders. This article presents a set of hypotheses on the nature of competing pressures driven by formal political institutions and tests the hypotheses against a new dataset of legislative votes from across 19 different countries. Voting unity is lower where legislators are elected under rules that provide for intraparty competition than where party lists are closed, marginally lower in federal than unitary systems, and the effects on party unity of being in government differ in parliamentary versus presidential systems. In the former, governing parties are more unified than the opposition, win more, and suffer fewer losses due to disunity. In systems with elected presidents, governing parties experience no such boosts in floor unity, and their legislative losses are more apt to result from cross-voting.