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381.
AbstractContemporary alarm about ‘laddism’ reveals what feminist research and activism has long-recognised; universities, like other social institutions, can be dangerous places for women. Research in the US and, more recently, the UK reveals alarming rates of violence, against women, the cultural and institutional norms which support violence and gaps in institutional responses. In the midst of this contemporary alarm about the university as a hotbed of laddism, there is a risk that the university – a site of potential empowerment and liberation for women (and men) – becomes re-positioned as a danger zone. The limited focus on danger and safety belies the potential of universities to enhance human freedoms through intellectual endeavour. We argue this progressive potential should remain centre-stage, as should university-based resistance to everyday sexism and laddism. This paper analyses accounts of young women feminists (n = 33) in UK and US universities. It explores their use of feminism and features of the university environment to resist and challenge oppressive cultures and practices. It argues that, despite encroaching neoliberalism and enduring sexism, universities continue to provide environments for engagements with feminism, enabling young women students to use feminism to resist and challenge sexism and to envision their feminist futures. 相似文献
382.
This paper contributes to knowledge of disaster resilience policy implementation in Australia and proposes measures to strengthen partnerships between government and the business sector to enhance national disaster resilience capacity. In Australia, business makes a significant contribution to disaster relief and recovery. Even so, there are unexplored opportunities to enhance the role of business in disaster resilience, particularly through partnerships with government. The extent that state, regional and local‐level disaster plans engage business in disaster relief and recovery is described and their relatively less prominent involvement in disaster resilience is discussed. Examples of disaster resilience policies and their capacity to influence business practices to support disaster resilience are introduced with suggestions for how they can be enhanced. Some potential benefits and pitfalls of public–private sector collaboration are explored and it is noted that, in disaster resilience settings, these risks can be ameliorated through appropriate implementation. 相似文献
383.
Marloes P. A. Van Dijk Susan Branje Loes Keijsers Skyler T. Hawk William W. Hale III Wim Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(11):1861-1876
Higher self-concept clarity is related to several adjustment indices and may be promoted by open communication with parents, while problems with self-concept clarity development could enhance internalizing problems (i.e., depressive and anxiety symptoms) in adolescence. This longitudinal study examined linkages between self-concept clarity, adolescents’ open communication with parents, and adolescent depressive and anxiety symptoms. Dutch youths (N = 323; 51.1 % girls; mean age Time 1 = 13.3 years) reported on these constructs over four consecutive annual measurements. Concurrent positive links between open communication and self-concept clarity were found at Time 1. Over time, higher levels of open communication with parents predicted higher self-concept clarity only in middle adolescence (mean age between 14 and 15 years). We also found concurrent associations between self-concept clarity and both depressive and anxiety symptoms. Longitudinally, lower self-concept clarity predicted relatively higher levels of depressive symptoms across all waves, and also higher anxiety levels from Time 1 to Time 2. Conversely, higher levels of anxiety also predicted lower levels of self-concept clarity during the first three waves. Self-concept clarity did not mediate the longitudinal associations between open communication and internalizing symptoms. This study is one of the first to investigate self-concept clarity across adolescence. It highlights the possible importance of both anxiety symptoms and communication with parents in understanding the development of a clear self-concept, and demonstrates an association between lower self-concept clarity and higher levels of later depressive and anxiety symptoms. 相似文献
384.
Theo A. Klimstra William W. Hale III Quinten A. W. Raaijmakers Susan J. T. Branje Wim H. J. Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2010,39(2):150-162
The aim of this five-wave longitudinal study of 923 early to middle adolescents (50.7% boys; 49.3% girls) and 390 middle to
late adolescents (43.3% boys and 56.7% girls) is to provide a comprehensive view on change and stability in identity formation
from ages 12 to 20. Several types of change and stability (i.e., mean-level change, rank-order stability, and profile similarity)
were assessed for three dimensions of identity formation (i.e., commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration), using
adolescent self-report questionnaires. Results revealed changes in identity dimensions towards maturity, indicated by a decreasing
tendency for reconsideration, increasingly more in-depth exploration, and increasingly more stable identity dimension profiles.
Mean levels of commitment remained stable, and rank-order stability of commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration
did not change with age. Overall, girls were more mature with regard to identity formation in early adolescence, but boys
had caught up with them by late adolescence. Taken together, our findings indicate that adolescent identity formation is guided
by progressive changes in the way adolescents deal with commitments, rather than by changes in the commitments themselves. 相似文献
385.
The role of cognitive vulnerability in the development of depressive symptoms in youth might depend on age and gender. The
current study examined cognitive vulnerability models in relationship to depressive symptoms from a developmental perspective.
For that purpose, 805 youth (aged 10–18, 59.9% female) completed self-report measures. Stress-reactive rumination was strongly
related to depressive symptoms. Negative cognitive style (i.e., tendency to make negative inferences) in the domains of achievement
and appearance was more strongly and consistently related to depressive symptoms in girls compared to boys. Negative cognitive
style in the interpersonal domain was positively related to depressive symptoms in both girls and boys, except in early adolescent
girls reporting few stressors. To conclude, the cognitive vulnerability-stress interaction may be moderated by the combination
of age and gender in youth, which may explain inconsistent findings so far. Current findings highlight the importance of taking
into account domain specifity when examining models of depression in youth. 相似文献
386.
Glenn I. Roisman Cathryn Booth-LaForce Elizabeth Cauffman Susan Spieker The NICHD Early Child Care Research Network 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(10):1294-1303
From a longitudinal sample (n = 957; 49.9% male; 77.3% White/non-Hispanic) of participants studied from infancy through age 15, adolescents’ depth of engagement
in, and quality of romantic relationships were predicted from early and contemporaneous parent–child interactive quality and
peer social competence. High quality maternal parenting and peer experiences prior to and during adolescence tended to be
negatively associated with the depth of engagement in this domain for the full sample, yet positively associated with the
quality of adolescents’ romantic relationships for the sub-set of individuals currently dating at age 15. Results reconcile
contrasting views of the origins of romantic relationship engagement and quality and the positive versus negative developmental
salience of romantic relationships in adolescence. 相似文献
387.
The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between social perfectionism, overgeneral autobiographical memory recall, and psychological distress (hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation) in a sample of parasuicide patients. Forty patients who had been admitted to a Scottish hospital following an episode of deliberate self-harm participated in the study. The participants completed the autobiographical memory task and a battery of self-report measures (multidimensional perfectionism, hopelessness, depression/anxiety, and suicidal ideation). The results showed that repetitive self-harmers were more overgeneral in their recall of positive autobiographical memories than were first-time self-harmers. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that socially prescribed perfectionism interacted with overgeneral recall of both positive and negative memories to predict suicidal ideation/depression. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research. 相似文献
388.
Elizabeth Iams Wellman Susan D. Hyde Thad E. Hall 《Journal of Elections, Public Opinion & Parties》2018,28(3):330-348
Fraudulent elections can reduce citizen trust in elections and other political institutions. But what about the impact of contentious elections that resolve successfully, leading to democratizing change? Do national movements toward democracy trump individual experiences with electoral manipulation? Using public opinion survey data collected before and after the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, we evaluate changes in voter confidence in electoral practices, political institutions, and democracy. Although national trends show increased voter confidence overall, subnational variation suggests pervasive partisan differences in opinions about election quality and institutional confidence. Remarkably, we find that direct exposure to fraud matters far less than anticipated; voters who were personally exposed to fraud felt no more or less confident than their co-partisans. We show that partisanship and the national electoral context may interact in ways that complicate the effects of democratizing elections, suggesting important avenues for future research. 相似文献
389.
390.
Andrew C. Stanley Dennis Willms Corinne Schuster-Wallace Susan Watt 《Development in Practice》2017,27(7):913-926
The guiding principle of Agenda 2030 is the commitment to “leave no one behind”. However, as the Millennium Development Goals experience has demonstrated, there remains a “rhetoric-implementation gap” where local stakeholders struggle to realistically respond to policies formulated at the global level. This article proposes a way forward for NGOs seeking to translate the rhetoric of Agenda 2030 into reality. It presents an integrated and multi-sectoral approach to meet the challenges of an NGO working to ameliorate the basic needs of women who are affected by HIV/AIDS and limited WaSH provisions in the impoverished rural community of Lyantonde, Uganda. 相似文献