迈向法治新世纪 展望法学大趋势

21世纪是一个法治的世纪 ,也必将是一个法学大发展的世纪 ;参加本篇笔谈的 2 0余位学者 ,从各自不同的法学学科领域 ,以多方位的研究视角 ,展望了新世纪法治的未来走向和法学的发展趋势 ,提出了中国法制建设和中国法学研究正面临的许多新课题。     

鉴定结论论

本文指出了我国民事鉴定存在的问题和对策 ;重点分析了民事鉴定机构和民事鉴定主体的条件、鉴定程序 ,并借鉴国外的立法和司法实践经验 ,对我国的民事鉴定立法提出了自己的看法。     

推进供热收费机制改革

20世纪90年代开始,天津集中供热进入了有计划发展阶段,市政府采取了一系列有利于集中供热发展的政策和措施,明确了“新建不欠账,逐年还旧账”的原则,加快了天津市集中供热的发展。但在集中供热快速发展过程中也显露出供热行业能源利用率低、环境污染严重,尤其是受计划经济体制下形成的“福利型”收费制度影响,     

黄炎培大职业教育主义研究

黄炎培先生于上世纪20年代后期提出的大职业教育主义理念,是黄炎培职业教育思想体系中一个重要的组成部分.大职业教育主义主张职业教育必须和普通教育相沟通,必须加强与职业的联络,必须和社会紧密联系.大职业教育主义所揭示的职业教育的教育本质、社会属性以及平民意识等观点,对当今职业院校的改革和发展有着现实的借鉴意义.我国职业教育必须与经济社会保持同步协调发展,走大众化和平民化的道路.     

国际旅游职业教育比较与借鉴

我国旅游业的迅猛发展对旅游行业人才的需求越来越大。旅游职业教育是培养旅游行业人才的重要途径。培养和输送大量适应国内旅游发展需要的人才,应借鉴国际旅游培训、国际旅游业的理念与经营,对国内旅游业行业人才的教学和培训进行创新。     

猪附红细胞体实验动物模型的建立

为建立一种合适的猪附红细胞体病动物模型,利用摘除脾和/或注射地塞米松的昆明小白鼠,以腹腔注射方式人工感染猪附红细胞体,通过血液涂片镜检、PCR检测、临床症状观察及病理剖检对感染情况进行了鉴定。结果显示,猪附红细胞体能够经腹腔注射感染昆明小白鼠,且感染鼠表现出与猪附红细胞体病相似的临床症状。结果表明,猪附红细胞体实验动物模型已成功建立,并证实啮齿类动物在附红细胞体的传播过程中发挥着重要作用。     

论米歇尔·福柯的知识考古学

福柯的“知识考古学”从知识的轴线上提出了对知识史根本概念的重构问题。它要求恢复历史文献的考古意义,从而开启了爱通向被历史学家忽略掉的历史现象的一个通道：关注那通常被历史学家删掉的零落时间的印迹,从人类思维长期的连续性中探测那些被中断的偶然性。它要求将档案当作历史埋藏物来看,从而动摇了传统和现代哲学的总体历史观念,是对愈来愈深地陷入困境的西方现代性社会和文化的一种清醒的反思。     

Parent–Child Acculturation Discrepancy, Perceived Parental Knowledge, Peer Deviance, and Adolescent Delinquency in Chinese Immigrant Families

Parent-child acculturation discrepancy has been considered a risk factor for child maladjustment. The current study examined parent-child acculturation discrepancy as an ongoing risk factor for delinquency, through the mediating pathway of parental knowledge of the child's daily experiences relating to contact with deviant peers. Participants were drawn from a longitudinal project with 4 years between data collection waves: 201 Chinese immigrant families participated at Wave 1 (123 girls and 78 boys) and 183 families (110 girls and 73 boys) participated at Wave 2. Based on the absolute difference in acculturation levels (tested separately for Chinese and American orientations) between adolescents and parents, one parent in each family was assigned to the "more discrepant" group of parent-child dyads, and the other parent was assigned to the "less discrepant" group of parent-child dyads. To explore possible within-family variations, the mediating pathways were tested separately among the more and less discrepant groups. Structural equation modeling showed that the proposed mediating pathways were significant only among the more discrepant parent-adolescent dyads in American orientation. Among these dyads, a high level of parent-child acculturation discrepancy is related to adolescent perceptions of less parental knowledge, which is related to adolescents having more contact with deviant peers, which in turn leads to more adolescent delinquency. This mediating pathway is significant concurrently, within early and middle adolescence, and longitudinally, from early to middle adolescence. These findings illuminate some of the dynamics in the more culturally discrepant parent-child dyad in a family and highlight the importance of examining parent-child acculturation discrepancy within family systems.     

日本马克思主义研究对中国的传播贡献

文章从马克思主义传播史的视域,梳理了1899至2013年传播到中国的日本马克思主义110年的研究文献,包括日本期刊、日本学者、日本著作对中国马克思主义的传播贡献。其中,河上肇的贡献和影响最为突出,其著作《马克思的唯物史观(二)》,成为西方马克思主义向中国传播的开篇之作,河上肇的其它著作以多种方式被多人,或译为中文或作为翻译德、英译本的参考附录在译著内。河上肇在日本京都大学的马克思主义课程,影响一代留日中国学人。中国马克思主义输入性传播,1903年至1930年日语译本的贡献是主流,1930年被德语版本取代,1957年日语译本贡献力恢复,1982年重新达到一个高潮,并从被动接受转向主动分析、选择性吸收,一直到2013年。     

Explaining Electoral Volatility in Latin America: Evidence at the Party Level

Many existing explanations of electoral volatility have been tested at the country level, but they are largely untested at the individual party level. This study reexamines theories of electoral volatility through the use of multilevel models on party‐level data in the lower house elections of 18 Latin American countries from 1978 to 2012. Testing hypotheses at different levels, it finds that irregular institutional alteration increases electoral volatility for all the parties in a country, but the effect is more significant for the presidential party. At the party level, the results show that while a party that is more ideologically distinctive than other parties tends to experience lower electoral volatility, party age is not a statistically significant factor for explaining party volatility.