中国的改革开放与中美关系

1978年11月,中国共产党第十一届三中全会划时代地决定中国将以经济建设为中心,实行改革开放.随后,于1979年初,中美两国正式建立了外交关系.这不是偶然的巧合,而是缘于中国改革开放政策与中美关系发展之间的必然联系.     

论社会主义核心价值体系的引领功能

社会主义核心价值体系内在地具有强大的引领社会思潮的功能。充分发挥这一功能,既是构建社会主义和谐社会新形势的必然要求,也是中国社会处于大变革时代的必然要求,还是当今世界形势下确保意识形态安全的必然要求。社会主义核心价值体系对各种社会思潮的引领应采取不同的路向:一是要海纳百川,广泛聚合积极因素;二是要尊重差异,充分包容中性因素;三是要旗帜鲜明,着力批判有害因素。     

论互联网中的隐私权--由一则案例谈起

在规范网络世界的网络法中 ,隐私权应成为基础性的权利种类 ,此为网络虚拟社会的特性所决定。隐私权的保护对象为个人的所有信息 ,权利内容为 :个人信息使用权与个人信息安全权两方面。我国对网络隐私权的制度设计 ,应借鉴英美等国经验 ,以国家制定法律的他律与网络行业自律相结合的方式 ,全面保护网民隐私权。     

Voice disguise and automatic speaker recognition

In this paper a newly developed Forensic Automatic Speaker Recognition System (FASRS) was introduced and the effect of 10 types of voice disguises that are common in forensic casework on the performance of this system was studied. In this study 10 types of disguised voices and normal voices from 20 male college students were used as test samples. Each disguised voice was compared with all normal voices in the database to make speaker identification and speaker verification. The result of speaker recognition is summarized and the influence of voice disguises on the FASRS is evaluated.     

论私法自治与我国民法典——兼评《中华人民共和国民法(草案)》第4条的规定

私法自治是私法的最高原则和本质要求 ,私法具有内在治理与外部治理两种治理机制。私法中的任意性规范与强行性规范在私法中的价值取向不同 ,它们共同构成了私法自治的基础。现代私法并没有被社会化 ,自治仍然是私法的本质。我国民法典的制定应以私法自治的精神为价值取向。     

拉美国家金融动荡的财政因素分析

20世纪80年代债务危机爆发后,拉美国家实施了应急性的财政调整。由于实行顺周期的财政政策、债务管理方面存在缺陷、大量的隐形债务以及政府间财政关系没有理顺等因素,为90年代金融危机的爆发埋下了隐患,严重地威胁了拉美国家的金融稳定。分析拉美国家金融动荡的财政因素,可以为中国采取合适的财政政策,协调并支持金融改革提供有益的启示。     

Growth Disparity in China: Provincial causes

The strategic shift of central government policy from equitable economic growth to the open door policy with an emphasis on coastal development in 1978 has resulted in uneven regional growth in China. The most noticeable growth disparity is between the coastal and inland provinces. This article seeks to identify the uneven growth of regional economies and to investigate provincial causes of such interprovincial variations in growth in the post-Mao era. This study develops a local reform-driven perspective to account for an unequal growth pattern in Jiangxi and Fujian. It finds that discrepancies in leadership role and ability to establish growth policy and strategies are the key variables in explaining the dissimilar pace of development. Such growth policy and strategies account for differences in restructuring in the local economy from centrally-planned to market-conforming, variations in creating new comparative advantages of the acquired kind, and different levels of marketization and non-state sector growth.     

The Economics of Bail Setting and Social Welfare

In most jurisdictions, there is a statutory preference for releasing on bail an accused in custody that has not yet been convicted unless the accused is charged with very serious offence like homicide. Nonetheless, the courts are vested with the powers to decide on the quantum of bail or to even refuse bail outright. To induce the defendant to surrender for trial [Lim, B.-T., & Quah, E. (1998). Economics of bail setting. Bulletin of Economic Research, 257–264] demonstrate that the bail quantum should be based on the expected cost of punishment and the probability of re-arrest if the defendant jumps bail. However, there are costs to society if the defendant absconds, which include, inter alia, the cost of re-arresting the defendant. In this paper, we derive the optimal bail quantum on the assumption that the probability of re-arrest and the penalty for absconding are chosen by the courts whose objective function is to minimize the sum of the expected harm to society and the net costs to law enforcement if the defendant jumps bail. The cost and benefit of being released on bail are examined. A model is proposed which may be useful to the court officials in bail setting as an effective means to secure the defendant's attendance at trial as well as to achieve social equity.     

信息不对称视域中的军官晋升考核问题探析

军官晋升考核中存在的信息不对称,容易带来道德风险和逆向选择,造成人才的显性和隐形流失、组织公信力下降以及对正确选人导向的偏离.为此,必须加强军官晋升考核的制度设计,使考核的相关信息趋于对称.     

农村基础教育改革和发展浅议

社会主义新农村建设的关键在于发展农村教育,农村教育的改革,应该从拓宽投入渠道入手,完善农村基础教育经费的投入体制;发挥政府的调控职能,保障农村基础教育均衡发展;加强农村师资队伍建设,切实提高农村教师队伍素质。只有真正解决了农村教育的经费投入和师资队伍建设问题,农村教育才可能步入正常发展的轨道。