What are the Future Prospects for the European Social Model?An Analysis of EU Equal Opportunities and Employment Policy

The aim of our article is to examine the future prospects of the European Social Model (ESM). First, the article defines the ESM as a mixture of hard law, soft law and underlying norms and values. Second, the article analyses the ESM on a more detailed level in the case of the law of equal opportunities and employment through a historical account and the legal dynamics of integration. The results of the analysis indicate a growing integration capacity of the ESM. Yet, this runs counter to the current neoliberal preferences of the Barroso Commission which has moved from a strategy of combining economic growth and social cohesion, to one in which economic growth creates social cohesion.     

论征募儿童兵作为战争罪

征募儿童兵行为对卷入到武装冲突中的儿童危害性极其严重,国际法已经确立明确规范禁止这类行为。但对于儿童兵国际法目前没有明确的定义,主要困难在于对于儿童兵年龄的上限有颇多争论。先前的国际人道法和人权法条约禁止征募儿童兵行为,但对征募者是否承担个人刑事责任持模棱两可的态度。最近以来国际法的发展,特别是塞拉利昂特别法庭的审判实践和《国际刑事法院规约》的生效实现了对征募儿童兵者定罪量刑的目标。但是,不论是塞拉利昂法庭的审判,还是《国际刑事法院规约》第八条的适用,都面临着一系列法律问题,这些法律问题是对现行国际法的新突破。     

体内藏毒的现状及其对策研究

体内藏毒的方式对于贩毒集团的损失小、效率高,因而被境内外贩毒集团广泛采用,导致了各地体内藏毒案件数量不断增加,并引发了一系列问题。文章通过对体内藏毒案件现状的分析和体内藏毒特点的剖析,总结了一些打击体内藏毒案件的对策,以供有关部门参考。     

Study of the Behaviors of Gunshot Residues from Spent Cartridges by Headspace Solid‐Phase Microextraction–Gas Chromatographic Techniques

Gunshot residues, produced after shooting activity, have acquired their importance in analysis due to the notoriety of firearms‐related crimes. In this study, solid‐phase microextraction was performed to extract the headspace composition of spent cartridges using 85‐μm polyacrylate fiber at 66°C for 21 min. Organic compounds, that is, naphthalene, 2,6‐dinitrotoluene, 2,4‐dinitrotoluene, diphenylamine, and dibutyl phthalate were detected and analyzed by gas chromatography‐flame ionization detection technique. Evaluation of chromatograms for diphenylamine, dibutyl phthalate, and naphthalene indicates the period after a gunshot was discharged, whether it was 1 days, 2–4 days, <5 days, 10 days, 20 days, or more than 30 days ago. This study revealed the potential effects of environmental factors such as occasional wind blow and direct sunlight on the estimation of time after spent cartridges were discharged. In conclusion, we proposed reliable alternative in analyzing the headspace composition of spent cartridges in a simulated crime scene.     

The Place of Vietnamese Marriage Migrants in Singapore: social reproduction,social ‘problems’ and social protection

While the literature on ‘global care chains’ has focused on the international transfer of paid reproductive labour in the form of domestic service and care work, a parallel trend takes the form of women marriage migrants, who perform unpaid labour to maintain households and reproduce the next generation. Drawing on our work with commercially matched Vietnamese marriage migrants in Singapore, we analyse the existing immigration–citizenship regime to examine how these marriage migrants are positioned within the family and nation-state as dependants of Singaporean men with no rights to work, residency or citizenship of their own. Incipient discussions on marriage migrants in civil society discourse have tended to follow a ‘social problems’ template, requiring legislative support and service provisioning to assist vulnerable women. We argue for the need to adopt an expansive approach to social protection issues, depending not on any one single source—the state, civil society and the family—but on government action to ensure that these complement one another and strengthen safety nets for the marriage migrant.     

民族语言文字诉讼原则的适用与完善

我国的三大诉讼法都确定了“民族语言文字诉讼”的原则,这一系列具有充分的法律依据。但在实践中这一原则并没有得到充分运用．文章分析了“民族语言文字诉讼”原则的重要意义和作用以及含义,并对这一原则的完善提出建议。     

衡平法的胜利——大法官法院与普通法法院的管辖权冲突

本文以16世纪末17世纪初英国大法官法院大法官法院与普通法法院的管辖权冲突为研究对象,对这一冲突所涉具体案件进行了完整梳理,指出普通法法院主要是通过《蔑视王权罪法》和人身保护令两条路径发起挑战。尽管在1616年的冲突中国王詹姆士一世作出"衡平法优先"的裁决,但事实上,衡平法的胜利直至1621年的弹劾培根事件才得以最终确立。而衡平法之所以在冲突中获胜,一方面得益于王权的支持,另一方面在于其已成为英国法中必不可少的有机组成部分。     

论我国地役权制度之完善方向

地役权制度是我国新出台的法律制度，这是我国用益物权制度体系的一项重要突破，它对于地役权制度的理论和实践均有重要意义。但宥于宜粗不宜细的立法原则，我国的地役权制度尚有一定的完善空间。针对此情况，作者试着总结出我国地役权的完善方向，主要体现在：第一、主体范围的扩大，主要是不动产承祖人的主体地位问题。作者认．为，应赋予不动产承租人的主体地位。第二、时效取得地役权的设立，作者认为先在地役权上设立时效取得制度有必要性和可行性。第三、空间地役权的设立。作者认为，有必要单独设专备对空间地役权加以规定。     

Singapore's Personal Data Protection legislation: Business perspectives

As global digitalisation of information and interconnecting technologies along with new marketing practices and business processes vastly increase the opportunities for data collection, storage, usage and delivery, there is a corresponding increase in consumer expectations of data privacy. These expectations must be met if business organisations are to promote consumer trust and confidence and maintain their overall competitiveness in a global market. It goes without saying that information is the most valuable business asset and “privacy is good business and information can be the basis of bigger business”. The need to protect data privacy has long been recognised and implemented by major trading nations. Surprisingly, Singapore as a financial centre and nation aspiring to be a trusted data hosting hub has been slow in enacting specific data protection laws. The first piece of legislation that has emerged is a light-touch baseline framework applicable to all organisations except the public sector. This article considers the new legislation from the business perspective and the implications for private sector business organisations facing the challenges of compliance.     

我国公共管理社会化转型的渐进性

随着社会主义市场经济的不断发展，我国公共管理开始了社会化转型的征程。政府社会管理与公共服务职能的转变具有突出的稳步推进、巩固发展的特点，它充分考虑社会结构变迁和经济文化发展的现状，深刻体现出稳定、改革和发展的辩证统一。我国公共管理社会化渐进转型成果显著，应充分肯定与发扬，也存在不容忽视的严峻问题，仍然任重而道远。