Reviews

K. Post and P. Wright, Socialism and Underdevelopment. London and New York: Routledge, 1989, x+204 pp.

Richard Stites, Revolutionary Dreams. Utopian Vision and Experimental Life in the Russian Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989, viii+307 pp., £26.00.

Henry S. Rowen and Charles Wolf Jr. eds., The Future of the Soviet Empire. foreword by Donald H. Rumsfeld. London: Macmillan Press, 1988, xx+368 pp., £27.50.

Alexander Shtromas and Morton A. Kaplan eds., The Soviet Union and the Challenge of the Future—Volume 1: Stasis and Change. New York: Paragon House Publishers, 1988, xx+555 pp., $29.95.

Alvin Z. Rubinstein, Moscow's Third World Strategy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989, xi+311 pp., $29.95.

Leo Cooper, The Political Economy of Soviet Military Power. London: Macmillan, 1989, xi+263 pp., £29.50.

Clive Archer ed., The Soviet Union and Northern Waters. London: Routledge for the Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1988, xvii+261 pp., £35.00.

Jeffry Klugman, The New Soviet Elite: How They Think and What They Want. New York: Praeger, 1989, 237 pp., $24.95.

Bruno Grancelli, Soviet Management and Labour Relations. London: Allen and Unwin, 1988, xvi+248 pp., £28.00.

Ellen Mickiewicz, Split Signals: Television and Politics in the Soviet Union. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988, xi+286 pp., £18.00.

William van den Bercken, Ideology and Atheism in the Soviet Union (Religion and Society 28). Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1989, viii+191 pp., DM 98.00.

Stephen White, The Origins of Detente: The Genoa Conference and Soviet‐Western Relations, 1921–1922. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985, xv+255 pp., £25.00.

Anita Prazmowska, Britain, Poland and the Eastern Front, 1939. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987, viii+231 pp., £25.00.

Ivo Banac, With Stalin against Tito: Cominformist Splits in Yugoslav Communism. London: Cornell University Press, 1988, XVI+294 pp., $35.75.

Harold Lydall, Yugoslavia in Crisis. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989, xii+255 pp., £25.00.

Josef C. Brada and Istvan Dobozi, eds., The Hungarian Economy in the 1980s: Reforming the System and Adjusting to External Shocks. London: JAI Press Inc., 1988, xv+277 pp., $58.50 (Instit), $35.10 (Indiv.).

J. C. Brada, E. A. Hewett & T. A. Wolf, eds., Economic Adjustment and Reform in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1988, xxv+428 pp., £54.00.

John P. Hardt and Carl H. McMillan, Planned Economies Confronting the Challenge of the 1980s. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, xiv+193 pp., £25.00.

Pedro Ramet, ed., Eastern Christianity and Politics in the Twentieth Century. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1988, viii+465 pp., $47.50.

Jan Zielonka, Political Ideas in Contemporary Poland. Avebury: Gower, 1989, ix+210 pp., £25.00.

A. J. Motyl, Will the Non‐Russians Rebel? State Ethnicity and Stability in the USSR. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, xii+188 pp., $27.45.

Mike Dennis, German Democratic Republic. Politics, Economics and Society. London and New York: Pinter, 1988, vii+223 pp., h/b £25.00, p/b £8.95.

Marilyn Rueschemeyer and Christiane Lemke eds., The Quality of Life in the German Democratic Republic. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1989, xiii+242 pp., $40.00.

Stephen F. Burant ed., East Germany: a Country Study. Washington DC: US Government Printing Office, 1988, 3rd ed., xxxiii+433 pp.

Artemy Troitsky, Back in the USSR: The True Story of Rock in Russia. (Title of British edition: Tell Tchaikovsky the News...) Boston, MA, and London: Faber and Faber, 1988, 160 pp., $9.95 p/b.     

Fatal positional asphyxia associated with rollover crashes

Motor vehicle rollover crashes result in complex occupant kinematics with the potential for severe injury. Five cases of fatal asphyxia in occupants suspended from their safety belt upside down after a rollover crash are presented. These fatalities accounted for 13.5% of all motor vehicle related asphyxia deaths in San Diego County over a 10-year period. This study supports previous research noting that incapacitation due to other injuries, alcohol, or obesity may be associated with fatal positional asphyxia due to inversion during rollovers. Safety belts are proven to prevent serious injury in motor vehicle crashes and should always be worn. However, redesign of the buckle could be considered to permit easier release by an occupant. We also suggest that pre-existing heart disease may contribute to the possibility of a fatal asphyxia outcome. Although this is a rare cause of motor vehicle related death, our results suggest that these are potentially preventable deaths.     

Promoting the Safe and Strategic Use of Technology for Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: Evaluation of the Technology Safety Project

The Technology Safety Project of the Washington State Coalition Against Domestic Violence was designed to increase awareness and knowledge of technology safety issues for domestic violence victims, survivors, and advocacy staff. The project used a “train the trainer” model and provided computer and Internet resources to domestic violence service providers in order to (1) increase safe computer and Internet access for domestic violence survivors in Washington; (2) reduce the risk posed by abusers by educating survivors about technology safety and privacy; and (3) increase the ability of survivors to help themselves and their children through information technology. Evaluation of the project suggests that the program is needed, useful, and effective. Consumer satisfaction was high and there was perceived improvement in computer confidence and knowledge of computer safety. Areas for future program development and further research are discussed.     

Allele frequencies of six miniSTR loci in the population of Northern Portugal

A possible approach to try to recover information from degraded DNA is to reduce the size of the PCR products by designing primers that bind as close as possible to the STR repeat region, known as miniSTRs. Allele frequencies and forensic parameters for the six miniSTRs loci D1S1677, D2S441, D4S2364, D10S1248, D14S1434 and D22S1045 were investigated in a sample group consisting of 228 anonymous apparently healthy unrelated individuals living in North of Portugal. The results show that all loci were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The combined power of discrimination and power of exclusion for the six loci were 0.99999 and 0.9789, respectively. All but one (D4S2364) loci showed a moderate degree of polymorphism (observed heterozygosity >0.6). The allele sizes ranged between 66 and 118 bp in our population, which is beneficial for typing degraded samples than those of a commercial STR kit.     

Mediators of male violence toward female intimates

The purpose of this study was to compare perceived life stressors, alcohol usage, and perceived quality of the intimate relationship of a group of males who have abused their female intimate with a group who have no history of abuse toward their partner. Interviews were conducted with 42 men who were defined as violent and 50 men who were defined as nonviolent. Interviews consisted of various demographic and health questions as well as standardized instrumentation (Michigan Alcoholism Screen Test, Autonomy/Relatedness Scale, Life Experiences Survey, and Conflict-Tactics Scale). Student's t tests indicated that the two groups differed as a function of perceived life Stressors, perceived quality of the intimate relationship, race, and depression. Stepwise logistic regression indicated that higher perceived quality of the intimate relationship, black race, and greater depression were significant predictors of male violence toward female intimates.     

Population data of five STRs in three regions from Portugal

Allele and haplotype frequencies of five chromosome STR loci (CD4, TPO, FES, TH01 and VWA) were determined for unrelated males throughout Portugal. This report presents STR data for three separate regions of Portugal, being the first time that data on the south of the country is presented. This study reveals that the three regions from Portugal are not genetically homogeneous. The north of Portugal presents significant differences in the CD4 locus, when compared with the other two populations. When compared with Madeira and A?ores, the three regions show a different behavior at TPO and VWA loci.