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31.
In March 2004 the French parliament controversially adopted legislation regulating the wearing of symbols indicating religious affiliation in public educational establishments. This note discusses several features of the new law indicating its origins, its rationale and its position within French constitutional discourse on religious freedom and secularity. It is based on a panel discussion held in April 2004 within the Gender Studies Programme at the Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute, Florence. Placing the French legislative initiative in the context of recent developments in national and European case law (suggesting clear limitations to freedom of religion), the note explores the complexity of issues of gender, identity and difference in the present debate, especially when considered in the light of reactions to the law in Islamic countries. 相似文献
32.
Debora Lopreite 《Bulletin of Latin American research》2023,42(3):357-371
This article traces the process towards the legalisation of abortion in Argentina, which led to a radical shift in body rights after a century. This change was possible due to the strategies of extended feminist grassroots mobilisations to build support among actors outside and inside institutions. In particular they found allied legislators who created the institutional conditions for change, including the president's support. During the 1990s an embryonic reproductive rights movement emerged under the influence of transnational activism while conditions for success were provided by grassroots mobilisation in the new millennium. Feminist landmarks like Ni Una Menos and Marea Verde provide evidence of the centrality of social mobilisation for institutional reforms. 相似文献