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891.
María E. Fernández Biot. Andrés Rogberg‐Muñoz Ph.D. Juan P. Lirón Ph.D. Daniel E. Goszczynski Biot. María V. Ripoli Ph.D. Mónica H. Carino Ph.D. Pilar Peral‐García Ph.D. Guillermo Giovambattista Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2014,59(6):1607-1613
Short tandem repeats (STR)s have been the eligible markers for forensic animal genetics, despite single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)s became acceptable. The technology, the type, and amount of markers could limit the investigation in degraded forensic samples. The performance of a 32‐SNP panel genotyped through OpenArraysTM (real‐time PCR based) was evaluated to resolve cattle‐specific forensic cases. DNA from different biological sources was used, including samples from an alleged instance of cattle rustling. SNPs and STRs performance and repeatability were compared. SNP call rate was variable among sample type (average = 80.18%), while forensic samples showed the lowest value (70.94%). The repeatability obtained (98.7%) supports the used technology. SNPs had better call rates than STRs in 12 of 20 casework samples, while forensic index values were similar for both panels. In conclusion, the 32‐SNPs used are as informative as the standard bovine STR battery and hence are suitable to resolve cattle rustling investigations. 相似文献
892.
893.
Charles V. Peña Author Vitae 《Orbis》2006,50(2):289-306
The defense budget can be reduced and the U.S. military downsized because (1) the nation-state threat environment is markedly different than it was during the Cold War, and (2) a large military is not necessary to combat the terrorist threat. In fact, the Islamist terrorist threat is relatively undeterred by the U.S. military presence abroad, and U.S. forces abroad, particularly those deployed in Muslim countries, may do more to exacerbate than to diminish the threat. The arduous task of dismantling and degrading the terrorist network will largely be the task of unprecedented international intelligence and law enforcement cooperation, not the application of large-scale military force. To the extent the military is involved in the war on terror, it will be special forces in discrete operations against specific targets rather than large-scale military operations. 相似文献
894.
Li Qiang is a doctoral student at organization cultural institute of Nanjing University a staff of Jiangsu Province Organization Committee Office.Cai Yan is a staff of the environmental emergency accident investigation centre of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 《中国行政管理》2008,(11)
突发环境事件应急管理是各级环境保护行政主管部门的一项重要职责,这项职责目前由国家和一些地方环境保护行政主管部门所属的环境应急与事故调查中心承担。按照有关规定并从现实运行情况看,作为事业单位设置的环境应急与事故调查中心面临着其自身难以突破的困境。本文在剖析其定位、明确其归类的基础上,按照中央关于行政管理体制改革的精神,研究环境应急与事故调查中心的改革问题。 相似文献
895.
Juliana Martínez Franzoni 《拉美政治与社会》2008,50(2):67-100
This article presents both a theoretical framework and a methodology that attempt to capture the complex interactions among labor markets, families, and public policy that currently constitute Latin American welfare regimes. Drawing on cluster analysis based on available data for 18 countries, the study identifies three welfare regimes. Two are state welfare regimes: protectionist (e.g. Costa Rica) and productivist (e.g. Chile); one is nonstate familiarist (e.g. Ecuador and Nicaragua). In a region where people's well‐being is deeply embedded in family relationships, closer scholarly attention to how social structures interact with public policy bears not only academic interest but also policy implications, particularly for adapting particular welfare regimes to the local welfare mix. 相似文献
896.
C. Pestoni I. Muñoz M. Comesaña A. Fernández-Falcón A. García-Rivero M.S. Rodríguez-Calvo 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》1996,80(3):175
Two different electrophoretic methods were used for typing three amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AMPFLPs), (3′ApoB, YNZ22 and COL2A1) in a Galician (NW Spain) population sample. Because of the problems of anomalous mobility for the 3′ApoB system and the intermediate alleles found in the COL2A1 system, the use of automated sequencers and denaturing conditions is recommended for typing these two systems. Nevertheless, simple electrophoretic methods, such as the PhastSystem, can be used for YNZ22 typing. Although intermediate COL2A1 alleles can be distinguished with the sequencers, a binning approach was adopted for comparison purposes. The population sampled was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the three systems using an exact test. This type of statistical analysis is more appropriate when the number of alleles in a system is high. No significant differences with other Caucasian populations were found for the three systems studied. The characteristics of the polymorphisms, shown by 3′ApoB, YNZ22 and COL2A1, reflected in the statistical parameters studied, demonstrate that these AMPFLPs are of considerable interest for forensic purposes. 相似文献
897.
In this paper, we analyse empirically how the legal framework affects the relationship between labour market conditions and
dismissals. We use a pseudo-panel of Spanish data from 1987 to 2001. We find that Labour Law reforms have effects on the use
of individual and collective dismissals although such effects are much lower than those related to the business cycle. The
results also show a strategic use of the different types of dismissals, distorting the work of those institutions involved
in dismissals.
相似文献
898.
Lília G. M. Tavolaro 《International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society》2008,19(3-4):145-160
In 2001, the State universities of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ and UENF) were the first Brazilian public universities to reserve 40% of their places for self-declared blacks (negros) and browns (pardos). In 2004, the University of Brasilia became the first federal university to implement an affirmative policy for black (negros) and indigenous people in Brazil. In the present article it is my intention to focus on contingent aspects in the making of these policies. While looking into both cases as two institutional discourses of race, I seek to challenge two common and equally problematic interpretations of the current race-assertive politics in Brazil, namely: (a) one that sees these affirmative action initiatives as the result of a kind of inevitable process towards the disclosure of Brazil’s hidden and actual plurality of “races;” (b) and another that, by contrast, conceives them as a sort of “imported model” that is not only imposed from abroad but also incompatible with the Brazilian symbolic order and system of racial classification. 相似文献
899.
Enrique García Viñuela Joaquín Artés Caselles 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2008,25(3):177-190
This paper analyzes the reforms of the Spanish electoral finance regulatory system during the nineties. We present a number of indexes to measure the impact of the reforms on parties and campaign spending. We also suggest a game theoretical model to explain why the two main parties agreed to support the legal changes in the nineties. A principal outcome of the reforms was to establish an effective limit to campaign expenses. In our view this would have not been feasible in the late seventies or eighties. Then the parties were trapped in a prisoner’s dilemma in which each party had to spend more in order to prevent other parties from gaining electoral advantage. But in the nineties the main parties, ridden with problems of soaring electoral debts and disgruntled voters, used the reform of political finance as a coordination device to achieve a Pareto efficient equilibrium. 相似文献
900.
Patent Production at a European Research University: Exploratory Evidence at the Laboratory Level 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Joaquín M. Azagra-Caro Nicolas Carayol Patrick Llerena 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2006,31(2):257-268
Most studies of academic patenting focus on the university as the unit of analysis. In contrast, we examine this phenomenon
at the laboratory level. Based on a sample of 83 research laboratories of Louis Pasteur University (ULP, Strasbourg, France)
from 1993 to 2000, we constructed a panel data set that allows us to discriminate between patents that are owned by the university
and those that are owned by firms and other organizations but invented by faculty members. We use these data to estimate a
patent production function and find that university-owned patents are more responsive to specific public funding, while non-university-owned
patents are more responsive to industrial funding. Our results also highlight the importance to control for disciplinary and
institutional differences, since they significantly affect the production of the different kinds of ULP patents. 相似文献