新时期党的思想解放的历程

新时期党的思想解放的历程,是党和人民在建设中国特色社会主义四个重大历史关头、四次重大选择中,坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进的历程,它分四个发展阶段:(一)真理标准问题大讨论和解放思想、实事求是思想路线的重新确立;(二)1992年邓小平南方谈话和社会主义市场经济体制改革目标的确立;(三)改革攻坚和社会主义初级阶段基本经济制度的确立;(四)"三个代表"重要思想的提出和执政党理论的创新.在这个历程中,党积累了丰富的经验:一是坚持正确的思想路线;二是坚持执政党的意识;三是坚持在思想解放中统一思想.在当前和今后,必须坚信我们的事业是无限光明的事业,同时要保持马克思主义的清醒,充分认识完成它的无比艰巨性.既坚定信念、振奋精神,又居安思危、艰苦奋斗,进一步坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线,研究新情况,解决新问题,开创中国特色社会主义的新局面.     

中国人民解放军唯一外籍将军洪水

抗日战争期间,在八路军的队伍中有一位国际主义战士,他就是后来成为中国人民解放军中唯一外籍将军的洪水。“洪水”名字的由来洪水是越南人,原名武元伯,1908年10月1日生于河内。1924年,热血青年洪水来到正处于中国大革命高潮的广州,参加胡志明创办的政治训练班和越南青年革命同志会。1926年与林彪、刘志丹等人一起成为黄埔军校第四期学员。当时反动派攻击共产党是“洪水猛兽”,武元伯索性改名“洪水”,以表示同反动派针锋相对斗争到底的决心。大革命失败后,洪水再次来到中国,经聂荣臻介绍被派到由澎湃和古大存领导的东江游击队工作,先后担任…     

从公共危机看服务型政府

在公共危机状态下,人们希冀政府的帮助,当政府积极作为时此呼声却更强烈.因为此种政府行为的确是公民在困难情境中的"双刃剑".服务型政府的服务职能的界限是不能以服务的积极行为为借口干涉公民私权的,服务方式不是强制地要公民被动地接受,政府服务的内容主要体现在公共产品和公共服务的提供.同时,强调服务型政府的民本思想作为服务型政府的宗旨具有尤为重要的意义.     

Child Care Subsidies and Employment Behavior Among Very‐Low‐Income Populations in Three States

Using merged administrative data from welfare reform evaluations in three states, we estimate the effects of child care subsidy use on the length of time it takes for a welfare applicant to move into substantial employment. Findings show that the use of a child care subsidy during an unemployed or marginally employed spell of welfare receipt is associated with between a 0.6 and 1.7 quarter (or 11% to 34%) reduction in the time to substantial employment in two of the three state samples. The positive influence of subsidy use on transitions to substantial employment is strongest for those welfare applicants with the lowest earnings who are mixing welfare and work prior to subsidy receipt.     

Responding to the global tobacco industry: Canada and the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control

Abstract: In a continuing quest to build and defend world markets for tobacco products, tobacco companies have long been involved in international cooperation and information‐sharing through their own international corporate networks, as well as through national and international industry trade associations. This is evidenced in tobacco industry corporate documents now freely available on the internet. In order to institute effective tobacco control policy, policy‐makers needed to become equally astute at sharing information across national boundaries and at considering the cross‐national implications of policy and legislation. The World Health Organization has been instrumental in developing the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), and Canada has played an important part in this effort. The FCTC contains both demand‐reduction provisions and supply‐side provisions intended to reduce tobacco use worldwide. As a signatory to the FCTC, Canada has pledged to adhere to these provisions, thereby providing Canadian public administrators with effective tools to reduce tobacco use and its associated health burden both nationally and internationally. Sommaire: En cherchant continuellement à développer et à défendre les marchés mondiaux pour les produits du tabac, les sociétés productrices de tabac sont impliquées depuis longtemps dans la coopération internationale et le partage d'informations par le biais de leurs propres réseaux de sociétés internationales et d'associations professionnelles nationales et internationales. C'est ce qui ressort des documents des sociétés productrices de tabac auxquels on peut accéder librement sur Internet. Afin d'instituer une politique efficace de contrôle du tabagisme, les décideurs politiques ont dù devenir astucieux quant au partage d'informations et à l'étude des répercussions transnationales des politiques et des lois. L'Organisation mondiale de la santé a fortement contribuéà l'élaboration de la Convention‐cadre sur la lutte contre le tabagisme (CCLCT), et le Canada a joué un rôle important sur ce plan. La CCLCT contient à la fois des dispositions relatives à la réduction de la demande et d'autres relatives à l'offre qui visent à réduire la consommation de tabac dans le monde entier. En tant que pays signataire de la CCLCT, le Canada s'est engagéà respecter ces dispositions, fournissant ainsi aux administrateurs publics canadiens des outils efficaces pour réduire la consommation de tabac et le fardeau sur la santé qui lui est associéà l'échelle nationale et internationale.     

WASHINGTON,DU BOIS AND PLESSY V. FERGUSON

Law and Philosophy -     

Regulatory Risk Management of Psychoactive Substances

Congress and the Drug Enforcement Administration have assigned certain psychoactive substances to one of five schedules, based on assumed or demonstrated abuse potential. Although formidable difficulties exist in assessing the hazards of drug use, some of these assignments do not appear consistent with empirical estimates. This mismatch of assignment and abuse potential -possibly due to "radical" political ideology - obscures significant differences in drug effects, and therefore stifles meaningful public participation in evaluating the benefits, risks, and proper use (if any) of available psychoactive substances.