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851.
The authors investigated the dimensions and mechanisms of belonging relevant to motivation and achievement among high school students representing 4 ethnic groups. Using survey data from 9th to 12th grade students (N = 5,494) attending 7 ethnically-diverse high schools, structural equation modeling was employed to explore, independently for each ethnic group, the relationships between students’ perceptions of their belonging (encompassing relationships with teachers and peers, extracurricular involvement, and perceived ethnic-based discrimination), motivation (efficacy beliefs and valuing school activities), and academic success. All 4 measures of belonging were significant for European-American and Latino students. However, friendship nominations were not significant for all groups, suggesting potential variability in perspectives across ethnic groups. The strength of the structural model postulating belonging as a mediator, including statistically significant indirect paths, supported the hypothesis that the belonging construct accounted for much of the relationship between student motivation and success across groups.Beverly Faircloth is a doctoral candidate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Her research interests include the developmental and motivational processes that support adolescent school engagement in ethnically diverse settings.Jill Hamm is an Assistant Professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1996. Her research interests are adolescents’ peer relations in ethnically diverse schools and classrooms. 相似文献
852.
Inge?VanderValkEmail author Ed?Spruijt Martijn?de?Goede Cora?Maas Wim?Meeus 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2005,34(6):533-546
In the present longitudinal 3-wave study of 1274 adolescents and young adults, aged 12–24 at the 1st wave, it is examined
whether youngsters from intact versus postdivorce families show long-term differences in internalizing and externalizing problems.
Furthermore, possible differences in the development of this problem behavior between offspring from intact and postdivorce
families are examined, i.e., possible differences in growth curves of internalizing and externalizing problems are investigated.
Longitudinal multilevel analyses reveal long-term differences in internalizing and externalizing problems according to family
structure. Adolescents and young adults growing up in postdivorce families display more internalizing and externalizing problem
behavior than youngsters of intact families. The development of these 2 types of problem behavior does not differ by gender
or family structure. That is, the shape of the growth curves of internalizing and externalizing problem behavior is similar
for boys and girls and also for youngsters from intact and postdivorce families.
Inge VanderValk is a Postdoc Researcher at the Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
She received her Ph.D. in 2004 from Utrecht University. Her major research interests include associations between adolescent
adjustment and parental marital quality and parental divorce.
Ed Spruijt is an Associate Professor at the University of Utrecht. He received his Ph.D. in 1983 from Utrecht University.
His major research interests are the consequences of parental divorce and visitation arrangements on children.
Martijn de Goede is an associate Professor at Utrecht University, Department of Methodology and Statistics. He received his
Ph.D. in 1988 from Utrecht University. His major research interests are occupational and relational life courses of youngsters.
Cora Maas is an Assistent Professor at Utrecht University, Department of Methodology and Statistics. She received her PH.D.
in 1992 in Utrecht from Utrecht University. Her major interests are: multilevel analysis (theory and applications).
Wim Meeus is full Professor of Adolescent Development at Utrecht University. He received his Ph.D. in 1984 from Utrecht University.
His major research interests are personality, identity, and relationships in adolescence. 相似文献
853.
Antecedents and Outcomes of Self-Determination in 3 Life Domains: The Role of Parents' and Teachers' Autonomy Support 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Due to conceptualizations of autonomy as detachment and independence, research on the parenting–autonomy relationship in adolescence
has yielded inconsistent results. In the present study, self-determination is proposed as an alternative way of tapping into
the construct of autonomy. An integrated model of the relationships between perceived parenting and teaching styles, self-determination
in 3 life-domains (school, social competence, and job-seeking behaviors), and specific adolescent outcomes, was investigated
and confirmed. In 2 samples of mid-adolescents (N = 328 and N = 285), autonomy-supportive parenting was significantly related to self-determination in all life-domains. Autonomy-supportive
teaching added significantly to the prediction of self-determination in the domains of school and job-seeking behaviors. Self-determination,
in turn, was positively and specifically associated with measures of adjustment in the specific life-domains under investigation.
Finally, in both studies, indications were found that self-determination acts as an intervening variable in the relation between
the perceived interpersonal environment and adolescent adjustment.
Doctoral student at the Center for Developmental Psychology at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium. His major research
interests are parenting, psychological control, and identity development.
Postdoctoral researcher at the Center for Motivation Psychology at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium. His major
research interests are self-determination theory, motivation, and parenting. 相似文献
854.
Kelly?N.?GravesEmail author Maria?E.?Fernandez Terri?L.?Shelton James?M.?Frabutt Amanda?P.?Williford 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2005,34(4):379-387
The purpose of this study was to increase the knowledge base of adolescent substance use by examining the influences of risk and protective factors for specific substance use, namely alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana. Participants included 271 adolescents and their primary caregivers referred for mental health services across North Carolina. A series of hierarchical multiple regressions showed that the relative influences of risk and protective factors differed depending on the target substance in some cases. History of parental felony predicted use of all 3 substances, although the direction of association was substance specific. Parental behavioral control (how families express and maintain standards of behavior) was predictive only of cigarette and marijuana use, not alcohol use. The different links among risk factors, protective factors, and specific substance use are discussed, and recommendations for both mental health and substance use professionals are offered.She received her M.A. in Psychology from Wake Forest University and is currently a doctoral student in Clinical Psychology at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Her major research interests include developmental pathways to aggressive behavior among females.An evaluator for the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services, her major research interests include system of care intervention programming.She received her PhD in Clinical Psychology from Purdue University. Her major research interests include developmental psychopathology and early intervention.His research interests focus on youth violence and youth involved with the juvenile justice system.She received her PhD in Clinical Psychology from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Her research interests focus on early intervention with young children. 相似文献
855.
Within the context of U.K. law, the right to respect for private life, articulated in Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights, and acknowledged more opaquely in domestic legislation and case law, is one whose scope is unclear. Nowhere is this brought into sharper relief than in cases where conduct which manifests a person’s sexual identity, or concerns her intimate relations with others, is prima facie criminal. In this essay I attempt, through a discussion of cases in which injury is caused in the context of relationships experienced inter-subjectively as private, to explore the contexts in which the law is prepared to legitimate that inter-subjective experience, and where it is not. Using cases in which injury has been caused purposively (in S/M sex), and incidentally (through the reckless transmission of HIV during sexual intercourse), the essay argues that the law is prepared to respect the right to respect for private life only in so far as the private life concerned is one which reinforces traditional gender roles and relationship types; in short, a life that one would be prepared to live publicly. 相似文献
856.
Debates concerning the taxation of prostitution have occurred in taxation law and in feminist literature. This article will integrate the case of Polok v. C.E.C. [2002] E.W.H.C, 156; [2002] S.T.C. 361, within the feminist legal canon. The case is discussed in the context of the argument of the European doctrine of fiscal neutrality, which dictates that, regardless of legality as amongst member states, if an activity is levied to V.A.T. in one member state, V.A.T. should be levied on it in all member states. The doctrine of sovereignty accepts the possibility that the integrity of the V.A.T. system may be compromised by the levying of tax on illegal activities, in terms of the cooperation between tax and other aspects of the U.K.’s legal system. European law, feminist law, commodification and the marketplace are all considered within the context of these principles. The article also considers the place of Polok within standard feminist texts on prostitution. Different paradigms of prostitution define different aspects of prostitution as ‘problems’, and the article considers the implications within a feminist reconstruction of Polok of this. The article suggests that the challenge for a feminist analysis of Polok is to remain within the realm of European tax and competition law, and to render the perspective of the employees of the Polok taxpayers part of the substance of the deliberations of the case. 相似文献
857.
Diane?Carlson?JonesEmail author Joy?K.?Crawford 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2005,34(6):629-636
This research evaluated a dual pathway model for body dissatisfaction among adolescent boys. The study provides empirical
support for the importance of distinguishing between weight and muscularity concerns in understanding male body image. A total
of 128 boys from grades 8 and 11 completed a self-report questionnaire. Results indicated that weight and muscularity concerns
each made unique contributions to body dissatisfaction and were associated with distinct individual and peer context characteristics.
Weight concern was associated with elevated BMI and more frequent appearance conversations with friends. Muscularity concern
was significantly greater among boys who reported more frequent muscle-building conversations, had lower BMI, and were older.
The results support the importance of distinguishing between and assessing both muscularity and weight concerns in the development
of body image dissatisfaction among adolescent boys. 相似文献
858.
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860.
JULIÁN DANIEL GUTIÉRREZ‐ALBILLA 《Bulletin of Latin American research》2010,29(2):141-154
This article reads Walter Salles's Central do Brasil (1998) through a reappraisal of the film's relationship to melodrama in order to emphasise the significance of the association of affect with ethical judgment in thinking about the complex and contradictory gender politics of the film, thereby challenging the conventional tension between pathos and logos. Using a number of filmic and psychoanalytic theories, this article argues that Central do Brasil's melodramatic search for a ‘space of innocence’ in the Sertão could offer less a nostalgic return to anachronistic forms of living than a survival strategy for living in late modernity. Finally, this article argues that Central do Brasil, while lamenting the state's withdrawal from the public sphere, calls for an ethical imperative that is associated with a ‘feminine’ responsible and generous capacity to embrace the other as a necessary form of social and political action for the redefining of citizenship in Brazilian neoliberal society. 相似文献