Forensic photography. Ultraviolet imaging of wounds on skin

The use of ultraviolet light (UVL) to study and document patterned injuries on human skin has opened a new frontier for law enforcement. This article discusses the photographic techniques involved in reflective and fluorescent UVL. Documentation of skin wounds via still photography and dynamic video photographic techniques, which utilize various methods of UV illumination, are covered. Techniques important for courtroom presentation of evidence gathered from lacerations, contusions, abrasions, and bite marks are presented through case studies and controlled experiments. Such injuries are common sequelae in the crimes of child abuse, rape, and assault.     

大鼠脑液压冲击伤后细胞色素C表达的实验研究

目的　为法医学上闭合性颅脑损伤的早期诊断和损伤时间推断提供依据。　方法　建立大鼠脑液压冲击模型。用免疫组化与图像分析技术分别检测伤后不同时间大鼠脑皮质、海马等部位细胞色素C(CytochromeC ,CytC)的表达。　结果　对照组大鼠脑内CytC有微量表达 ,伤后 15分钟表达开始增强 ,伤后 3小时达高峰 ,1天后开始减弱 ,7天后基本恢复正常。　结论　CytC表达的规律性可望为闭合性颅脑损伤的早期诊断及损伤时间推断提供依据。     

Imposing Procedural Constraints on State Administrative Agencies: An Empirical Investigation of Competing Explanations

Scholars have offered different explanations for administrative procedures. One general approach stresses the importance of normative theory as a determinant of institutional choice, while two other perspectives emphasize the interests and political influence of pressure groups and legislators. To test these models, this study uses comparative state data to predict the adoption of three types of administrative procedures-legislative rule review, procedural requirements opening up the rulemaking process to public participation, and economic impact analysis. The findings suggest that factors associated with the adoption of one kind of administrative requirement may not be associated with the use of others. The analysis also suggests that, while ideology, political culture, and party competition intermittently affect the adoption of particular administrative procedures, they do not always have the kinds of effects that are suggested by the traditional state policy making literature.