In- and out-flows of elements in bones embedded in reference soils

Possible exchanges of elements between bone and the surrounding soil after being embedded underground for 2 years were estimated. Bone pieces were samples from human vertebrae without any treatments after resection. Sixteen elements were determined by atomic emission mass spectrometry. These were divided into three types; Type I, an in-flow in which elements increased, as in Fe, Al and Ba; type II, a balanced decrease in which changes were found in S, Mg and Zn; and type III, an out-flow in which elements, such as Ca and P, entered into bones from embedded soils. These exchanges depended on the varying nature of soils and also on the time underground. The exchanges were progressed in duration of the time after burial. Data obtained are possible references to judge the time-lapse after burial of bones in relating to characters of soils embedded, and to identify proper bone elements from containment elements.     

Handedness identification from intertubercular sulcus of the humerus by discriminant function analysis

The accurate determination of skeletal handedness is a critical requirement in physical anthropology and forensic science. To differentiate handedness, discriminant function analysis is applied using the parameters of right and left intertubercular sulci. A total of 200 matched unpaired adult humeri (100 right and 100 left), collected from the Department of Anatomy, were used to measure four parameters of the intertubercular sulcus namely, width (X1), depth (X2), angle of medial wall (X3) and angle of lateral wall (X4) and to note the presence of supratubercular ridge of Meyer (X5). The discriminant function obtained with the significant variables, angle of medial wall (X3), angle of lateral wall (X4) and presence of the supratubercular Meyer (X5) is: Y = 0.093X3 + 0.056X4 + 0.775X5 - 13.46. The accuracy of correct classification using the discriminant function is 89% which is the best starting point for handedness determination approach. The methodology of using discriminant function can be crucial for medicolegal jurisprudence.     

Marriage change in rural India, 1921-1981.

"In the early twentieth century, marriage age of both sexes in India was unusually low, even by the standards of other Asian societies of the era. Although early marriage in the form of child marriage occurred throughout the Indian subcontinent, there were regional differences in the extent of the practice. The article examines influences on the marriage market from the early through the late twentieth century and the changes that have occurred within that time frame. Early on, the peasant marriage regime was regulated more by social and demographic factors, while subsequent changes reflected the growing importance of economics and considerable regional diversity."     

Some Aspects of Economic Development in Uganda

This lecture was given at a joint meeting on the 29th November,with Lord Hailey in the chair. Sir John Hall is the retiringGovernor.     

The Secret of Akom.I

This pioneer African study of the Gold Coast fetish-art is bya Methodist minister, at Manso-Atwere. He explains, in a preface,that his main informant was Opanin Kwaku Addae, who was convertedto Christianity after a life-time spent as a priest of Tannq,an orthodox obosom in Ashanti.