Mobile payments: Current and emerging regulatory and contracting issues

Sitting at the heart of m-commerce and at the intersection of the value chains of the payments, mobile, retail and technology industries, mobile payments are set to grow rapidly in the short and medium terms. M-payments are giving rise to the development of a new ecosystem of market participants including card schemes, MNOs, retailers, device suppliers, service providers and trusted service managers. Key regulatory considerations arising include e- money and payment services, mobile services regulation, consumer protection, data privacy and standards. The contractual landscape linking the various parties inhabiting the ecosystem is also rapidly developing, with key issues around revenue models, customer ownership, technology development, and risk and liability. Parties involved in mobile payments will need to carefully assess their and others' roles and regulatory aspects in determining their strategy and how to approach contractual discussions.     

Co-witnesses talk: A survey of eyewitness discussion

Abstract

The objective of this study was to obtain a quantitative measure of the discussion behaviour of real eyewitnesses. Undergraduate psychology students were given a questionnaire to determine if they had witnessed a serious event. Results from the questionnaire showed that the majority of respondents had witnessed a serious event at some point in their lives, and the majority of witnesses were not alone when they observed the event. Respondents who had experienced a serious event for which there was more than one witness present were invited to fill out a follow-up questionnaire. The follow-up study showed that when there is a co-witness present, most people (86%) report discussing the event with the co-witness. This is potentially problematic if the witnesses are contaminating one another's memories of the event. The results are discussed in terms of psychological research and policy implications.     

Can a witness report hearsay evidence unintentionally? The effects of discussion on eyewitness memory

Abstract

When eyewitnesses are exposed to misinformation about an event from a co-witness, they often incorporate this misinformation in their recall of the event. The current research aimed to investigate whether this memory conformity phenomenon is due to change in the witness's memory for the event, or to social pressures to conform to the co-witness's account. Participants were shown a crime video and then asked to discuss the video in groups, with some receiving misinformation about the event from their discussion partners. After a one-week delay some participants were warned about possible misinformation before all participants provided their own account of the event. In Study 1, participants made remember/know judgments about the items recalled, and in Study 2 they indicated the source of their memories. Co-witness information was incorporated into participants’ testimonies, and this effect was not reduced by warnings or source monitoring instructions, suggesting memory change may have occurred. However, there was some indication that remember/know judgments may help distinguish between ‘real’ memories and co-witness information.     

Causality between transnational terrorism and tourism: The case of Spain

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to devise a methodology for estimating the impact of transnational terrorism on tourism. Using monthly data from 1970–1988, we estimate the relationship between terrorism and tourism for Spain. We find that terrorist events have had a significant negative impact on the number of tourists visiting Spain. A typical incident is estimated as scaring away just over 140,000 tourists when all monthly impacts are combined. Moreover, the causality is unidirectional: terrorism affects tourism, but not the reverse.     

The European Union and Iran: What Next?

EU-Iranian relations have reached a stalemate. EU engagement with Iran makes sense as long as it is accompanied by stringent sanctions that are imposed by the international community (i.e. E3?+?3 format and UNSC) and that focus on the nuclear file only. In the end, such an approach could allow the EU to find that delicate balance between the US position of imposing sanctions for the sake of sanctioning, thereby rendering them ineffective, and a Russian-Chinese position of applying minimal sanctions that would make them equally inefficient.     

Farmers and farming in Ladakh (Tibetan Kashmir)

The War Against Japan—I. Editor Major Gen. S. Woodburn Kirby with Colonels J. F. Meiklejohn and G. T. Wards, Captain Addis, R.N., and Air Vice‐Marshal N. L. Desoer. H.M. Stationery Office. 1957. Pp. 568 and xxii; illustrations, index, 28 maps and sketches. 9¾” × 6¾”. 55s.

The History of the World Conqueror. By Ata‐Malik Juvaini. Translated by John Andrew Boyle, Ph.D. Published in two volumes by Manchester University Press. 63s. Published by University of Manchester in agreement between U.N.E.S.C.O. and the University of Tehran.

Bolshevism in Turkestan, 1917–1927. By Alexander G. Park. Columbia University Press, New York, 1957. Pp. xiv+428, index, bibliography. 55s.

Jawaharlal Nehru. By Frank Moraes. New York: Macmillan and Co. Pp. 510; illustrations, index, bibliography, maps. $6.75.

The Evolution of India. By Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit. Oxford University Press, London. 1958. Foreword by G. P. Gilmour, of the McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario. Pp. 46. 6s.

The Strongholds of India. By Sidney Toy, F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A. Heinemann. 1957. Pp. 133; index, 150 illustrations, maps. 30s. net.

Islam in Modern History. By Wilfred Cantwell Smith. 1957. Princeton University Press. Oxford University Press. Pp. x +317 and index. 40s.

Lebanon in History from the Earliest Times to the Present. By Philip K. Hitti. London, Macmillan, 1957. Pp. 548. Ill., index, maps. 42s.

Expédition en Arable Centrale. By Phillipe Lippens. Preface by H. St. J. B. Philby, C.I.E. Pp. 210+xi; 44 photographs (of which 5 are in colour), map, index. Librarie d'Amerique et d'Orient. Adrien‐Maisonneuve, 11, Rue Saint‐Sulpice, Paris VIe. 1956. 32s. 6d.

The Market of Seleukia. By James Morris. Faber. Pp. 337; illustrations, index, maps. 25s.

Forty Years in the Wilderness. By H. St. John B. Philby. Robert Hale. 1957. Pp. 272. 111. Index. 30s.

My Arabian Days and Nights. By Dr. Eleanor Calverley, M.D. Published by Crowell, New York. Pp. 182. Price $2#lb95.

Bureaucracy and Society in Modern Egypt. A Study of the Higher Civil Service. By Morroe Berger. Princeton Oriental Studies: Social Science No. 1. Princeton University Press, Oxford University Press. 1957. Pp. 231. 38s.

The Embassy of Sir William White at Constantinople, 1886–1891. By Colin L. Smith. Oxford University Press. 1957. Pp. 181; index, bibliography. 25s.

The Young Turks: Prelude to the Revolution of 1908. By Ernest Edmundson Ramsaur, Jr. Princeton University Press. 1957. Pp. xii + 180. Index and Bibliography.

A Short History of the Chinese People. (Revised Edition). By L. Carrington Goodrich. Published by Geo. Allen and Unwin. 1957. Pp. 288; illustrations, maps, index, bibliography. 25s.

Ta T'ung Shu. The One‐World Philosophy of K'ang Yu‐Wei. Translated from the Chinese with Introduction and Notes by Laurence G. Thompson. George Allen and Unwin. 1958. Pp. 300; bibliography, index. 35s.

Chiang Kai Shek. A Summing up at Seventy, Soviet Russia in China. Geo. Harrap and Co., Ltd. Pp. 392. Index. 30s.

In the Shadow of the Dragon. By Peter Schmid. Published by Weidenfeld and Nicolson. Pp. 288. Ill., map. 25s.

The Politics of Israel. The First Decade of Statehood. By Marver H. Bernstein. Princeton University Press. 1957. Pp. 360.

Digging up Jericho. Ernest Benn. 1957. Kathleen Kenyon. Pp. 267. Ill., plans. 30s.

Studies in Economic Development (with special reference to conditions ih the under‐developed areas of Western Asia and India). By A. Bonné. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1957. Pp. 294; including appendices and index. 32s.

The Rise of Modern Asia. By Ian Thomson. John Murray. 1957. Pp. 265; illustrations, index, maps. 18s.

Scripta Hierosolymitana. Vol. III. Studies in Economics and Social Sciences. Edited by R. Bacchi. Magnes Press, The Hebrew University. Pp. 396.

Brief Authority. By Edwin F. Stanton. Published by Robert Hale. Pp. 290; map, index. 18s.

True Account. By Ernest W. D. Tennant. Published by Max Parrish. Pp. 256. Index. 21s.

Up and Down Asia. By George N. Patterson. Published by Faber and Faber. 150 pp. 16s.     

Modern Turkey

Turkistan Tumult. By Aitchen K. Wu. With illustrations and 2 maps. 8½” × 5½”. Pp. xiii+279. Methuen and Co. 12s. 6d.

Soviets in the Arctic. An historical, economic and political study of the Soviet advance into the Arctic. By T. A. Taracouzio. 9½” × 6¼”. Pp. xvi+563. 7 maps. Macmillan. 1939. 32s. 6d.

Revealing India's Past. A Co‐operative Record of Archaeological Conservation and Exploration in India and Beyond. By Twenty‐two Authorities—British, Indian, and Continental. With a foreword by A. Foucher. Edited by Sir John Cumming, K.C.S.I., C.I.E., M.A. 8½” × 6¾”. Pp. xx+374. Thirty‐three plates and map. The India Society. 1939. 25s.

Islam. By Henri Masse. Translated from the French by Halide Edib. Pp. 270. Putnam. $2.50.

Petra, the Rock City of Edom. By Dr. A. M. Murray. Pp. x+210. Thirty‐two plates; two sketch maps. Blackic. 1939.     

The Learning Orientation of Primary Health Care Teams in the English National Health Service: Is This a Myth That Should Be Perpetuated?

A qualitative study of primary health care teams in the UK provides insight into their co-ordination or learning-orientation and how this affects member commitment, conceptions of ‘core’ and periphery, group identification and willingness to integrate roles. Even if the ideal of a learning-oriented primary health care team is viewed as a myth, it can still perform useful functions despite an apparent withdrawal of its official authorization by the Cameron-led government. The perpetuation of this myth maintains a tension between reality and potentiality in the hopes that inspire its pursuit as an ideal of team formation.     

Inside and outside executive development: Forces for and against organizational success

This article addresses the question of whether executive development makes a difference in executives and executive behavior. The conceptional approach utilized examines executive development from an internal as well as an external perspective. Central to the argument are the differences, difficulties, and realities which must be addressed by executive development experts in order for such techniques as organization development to be successfully applied and implemented.