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381.
Gail Cooper Lisa Wilson Claire Reid Lianne Main Chris Hand 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2005,150(2-3):239
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Cozart® RapiScan (CRS) drug test system for detecting opiates and cocaine in oral fluid. Oral fluid samples were collected using the Cozart® RapiScan collection system from 358 donors who were receiving treatment for their addiction and were monitored for drug misuse. A further 103 oral fluid samples were collected from volunteer donors who were not drug users. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory using the two-panel Cozart® RapiScan cartridge for opiates and cocaine and confirmed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The samples were stored frozen at −20 °C until analysis by GC–MS. The overall accuracy of the CRS for both opiates and cocaine was 100%. Samples spiked at 50% above and below the cut-off consistently gave negative and positive results respectively. A total of 88 samples were positive for various opiates and 111 samples were positive for cocaine and/or its metabolites. The CRS for opiates and cocaine in oral fluid, using a cut-off of 30 ng/mL morphine or benzoylecgonine equivalents in neat oral fluid, had overall efficiencies of 98% and 99%, respectively, versus GC–MS. A series of potential adulterants of oral fluid were evaluated and shown not to alter the outcome of the test result. 相似文献
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Steve Wilson Jihong Zhao Ling Ren Steven Briggs 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》2006,31(1):19-34
Collective bargaining between police management and unions is an important process that determines many aspects of police
work, particularly the monetary benefits for line officers like salary and fringe benefits. Working with limited budgets,
police administrators who engage in collective bargaining are obligated to negotiate with union representatives over wage
benefits while attempting to maintain adequate financial resources toward other police operations. Though students of policing
learn that police unions try very hard to increase economic reward for their members there is limited research on the effectiveness
of their efforts. Since economic benefits are the primary focus of police unions, it is important; therefore, to evaluate
the impact that collective bargaining has on salaries earned by police personnel. This study examines this issue by combining
four waves of the Law Enforcement Management and Administration Statistics for the period 1990–2000. Pooled time series analyses
reveal that large organizations that engaged in collective bargaining had higher minimum wages for officers during the period.
As predicted, collective bargaining did not affect minimum chief’s salaries. 相似文献
388.
Fiona Wilson 《Bulletin of Latin American research》2000,19(1):1-16
The school and the teacher give rise to different images and sets of meaning. Locating schools is a technique of government and teachers are supposed to act as mediators between state and society. But teachers are also local intellectuals and have actively engaged in discourses of dissent and challenges to the state. This article explores the changing identity, situation and representation of provincial schoolteachers in post‐conflict Andean Peru. It draws on material from Tarma province to debate the extent to which the former racist “social order”, upheld by school and teacher, has been destabilised and superseded. 相似文献
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Philip Cooke Dan Kaufmann Chen Levin Rob Wilson 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2006,31(1):115-129
This research derives from an EU DG Enterprise (IPS Programme) project on bio-incubation, called Bio-Link. The Bio-Link project
is innovative in three ways. First, it involves an international comparative analysis of biotechnology incubators of the kind
that is rarely if ever done. Second, the incubator representatives are monitored and investigated by an academic partnership
team. Third, there is a stated aspiration by the incubator companies to engage in co-incubation across borders. Co-incubation
is, as far as we are aware, a new kind of boundary crossing innovation in which advanced start-up businesses are assisted
to enter other national markets and/or benefit from specialised services or scientific, technological, or commercial knowledge
absent in the home country but present in a partner country. Evidence from research on European, Israeli and North American
bioincubators is included to compare, contrast and enable future judgements of incubator appropriateness to biotechnology. 相似文献
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