A mesolevel comparative approach to maxi and mini strategies of public enterprise reform

Large-scale privatization is an unfamiliar area of public policy. The practice and study of property reforms and privatization needs to include mesolvel phenomena such as laws, regulations, institutions and standard operating procedures. There has been little comparative analysis of privatization programs around the world. The author argues that analysts should compare the most immediately relevant institutional environment of the enterprise. Conceptually, this mesolevel system is situated between the firm and the macroeconomy. This system of action is especially fruitful for cross-national comparisons of privatization programs because it is at this level that privatization strategies are designed. The problem for Eastern Europe and for less-developed countries is lack of experience with the relatively light economic regulation that characterizes industrial countries. Government leaders must also decide how much effort to devote to privatization of state-owned enterprises and how much to fostering private sector investment in new firms. Ernest J. Wilson, III is affiliated with the National Security Council, Washington, D.C.     

番鸭呼肠孤病毒ZJ99株σC蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

参考已发表的番鸭呼肠孤病毒(mDRV)的S4序列设计了1对扩增σC蛋白基因的引物,对mDRVZJ99株的RNA抽提物进行RTPCR扩增,获得了特异性的扩增片段。将PCR产物克隆测序,序列经同源性比较,发现mDRVZJ99株σC蛋白基因序列与福建MW9710株对应基因的同源性为99.5%,与法国89026株对应基因的同源性为94.2%,与法国89330株对应基因的同源性为95.0%;相应的氨基酸序列同源性分别为98.9%、94.1%、93.7%。基于σC基因及其推导氨基酸序列的蛋白质结构及物理化学性质预测结果,与国外学者对mDRVσC蛋白的报道相似。     

Proficiency testing (external quality assessment) of drug detection in oral fluid

Eighteen external quality assessment (proficiency testing) samples were prepared from client specimens collected with the Intercept^® oral fluid collection device and by spiking drug-free oral fluid. Samples were circulated in pairs at quarterly intervals to 13 UK and USA based laboratories for analysis by a panel of OraSure micro-plate Intercept^® enzyme immunoassay kits and hyphenated mass spectrophotometric techniques. During the survey, there was a single case of non-specificity in a false report for methadone. The major errors were of lack of sensitivity relative to the concentration thresholds specified for the immunoassays. The sensitivity for overall ‘present’/‘not found’ reports calculated as true positives/(true positives + false negatives) were for the amfetamine specific assay 50%, methyl-amfetamines 93%, barbiturates 64%, cannabinoids 73%, cocaine and metabolites 100%, benzodiazepines 69%, methadone 95%, opiates 79% (opiates excluding oxycodone 93%), phencyclidine 93% and human gamma-globulin 97%. A small number of the sensitivity errors were attributable to errors in chromatographic confirmation techniques.     

如何认定以危险方法危害公共安全罪

我国刑法第114条规定拟危险方法危害公共安全罪，鉴于该罪在立法上并无明确的构成要件，因此，有必要时该罪的构成特征及司法认定进行分析探讨，以有助于司法机关正确运用本罪。     

介绍一种新的法医损伤测量的方法

在司法鉴定实践工作中,可通过拍摄被鉴定人损伤部位的数码照片,使用Photoshop7.0图像处理软件,在损伤部位照片的比例尺上得到图像像素的线密度或面密度的数值,利用图像处理工具选择损伤的长度或面积范围,求得设长度或面积范围内的像素数,从而计算出损伤的长度或面积。     

对公安机关应对流浪乞讨问题的思考

收容救助制度取代收容遣送制度后,城市中愈演愈烈的流浪乞讨现象引发了现实与潜在的社会秩序和公共安全问题。作为维护社会治安和公共安全的主要行政部门———公安机关,有介入流浪乞讨问题治理的必要,尽管在这一过程中公安机关仍面临诸多特殊困难。解决思路包括充分运用已有的法律法规、设立“禁乞区”、积极促进流浪乞讨问题之“综合治理模式”的建立。     

R&D spinoffs: Serendipity vs. a managed process

This paper describes some of the spinoff benefits that can result from R&D projects, and categorizes them in terms of the dimensions of market and technical newness. These dimensions are discussed with reference to two types of spinoffs: 1) alternative market applications, when the results of an R&D project are subsequently applied to a market or use that differs from the originally intended application, and 2) second-generation technologies, when the technology that was the subject of an R&D project is significantly altered or enhanced in unanticipated ways through subsequent R&D. Examples from the Department of Energy's Energy-Related Inventions Program are integrated into the results of literature review to illustrate key concepts, including core technologies, degrees of market and technology newness, technology robustness, and the nature of connections linking spinoffs to prior R&D investments. The paper concludes by discussing spinoffs as a managerial strategy.     

Last rights. In sickness and in health, more people are taking life's biggest decision away from doctors and into their own hands

When dying is all that awaits them, more and more people are choosing certain death now rather than uncertain life on medical support systems. But the decision seldom comes easy, as a Newsweek reporter discovers during three weeks with the doctors, nurses, patients and families in an intensive-care ward. A best-selling guide to suicide fires debate over when it is right to let life go--and who should make that choice when the patient no longer can.