解析卢武铉主义

卢武铉主义是卢武铉就任总统后,对韩国外交安保政策进行的大胆革新,它包括自主国防、自主外交、反对驻韩美军"战略灵活性"调整和"东北亚均衡者论"等政策理念。卢武铉主义是在个人与民族、历史与现实、国内与国际等因素综合作用下产生的,它一出台就引起了国内外的争议。面对质疑和批评,卢武铉不得不对其新外交安保政策做出调整,以致卢武铉主义的原则理念大打折扣,而其后续影响还有待观察。     

从传统合同到智能合同:由事后法院裁判到事前自动履行的转变

传统合同需要当事人履行具体义务以促使合同目的的实现,且允许各方在现实环境发生变化时加入新的合意或对原合同条款进行修改,产生纠纷后也可以依据法院的裁判机制使权利义务关系趋于平衡。但是,区块链技术的兴起使智能合同能够自动履行当事人约定的各项内容,对纠纷的解决也可以按照合同订立时确定的救济方式自动进行,甚至无需法院的裁判支持。从传统合同到智能合同,最显著的变革在于由事后法院裁判到事前自动履行的转变。技术的进步使法院裁判机制作为权利保障后盾的重要地位受到冲击,智能合同的事前自动履行具有高效率、低成本的优势,为商业世界的交易活动提供新的可能,具有极大的发展潜力。     

共产党和工人党国际会议综述

从1999年开始,遭受苏东剧变严重冲击的国际共产主义运动出现了新的联合形式,即一年一度召开的当代世界“共产党和工人党国际会议”。经过20多年的发展,该会议在召开时间、地点、议题、主办方和参加党派、常设机构、运行原则等方面确立起了基本固定的架构,并逐渐成长为一个非组织化、非中心化的共产主义多边交流平台。研究该会议的构成要素、运行机制和功能定位对于探索国际共产主义运动团结合作具有重要意义。     

Fatal Methemoglobinemia Due to Acute Inhalation of Methyl Nitrite in an Industrial Accident

Methyl nitrite is suggested to cause methemoglobinemia by generating methemoglobin, which may be lethal when the methemoglobin concentration exceeds 70%. However, intoxication with methyl nitrite is seldom reported compared with that with other nitrites. Here, we present an industrial accident involving methyl nitrite inhalation during its synthesis process that resulted in three fatalities and one survivor. The autopsy revealed conspicuous blue-gray discoloration in various parts of the body, including the skin, airway mucosa, vessels, brain, heart, and among other areas. The toxicological tests on the deceased showed methemoglobin concentrations in the blood over the lethal level and increased nitrite ion levels in the blood, gastric contents, liver, and lung tissue compared with those in control samples. The cause of death was determined to be methemoglobinemia-induced hypoxia due to methyl nitrite inhalation. This report provides evidence that in methyl nitrite intoxication, exposure duration has a significant influence on the postmortem changes and likelihood of a fatal outcome may be related to the age of the victim. More attention is required regarding the industrial hazards of this substance.     

Corporate policy entrepreneurship and cross-boundary strategies: How a private corporation champions mobile healthcare payment innovation in China?

The private nature of corporate actors does not necessarily preclude them from contributing to public interest. When business strategies and genuine public motivation are favorably aligned, corporate actors from the private sector can also drive public sector innovations. For a private corporation, policy entrepreneurship inherently entails crossing not only the public–private boundary but also various policy domains. This study formulates five propositions to characterize the cross-boundary strategies of corporate policy entrepreneurship, a distinct form of policy entrepreneurship in a developing authoritarian state. The case study of mobile healthcare payment innovation in China finds that the corporate entrepreneur used a series of cross-boundary strategies adeptly that eventually made the innovation not only adopted in one locality but also rapidly diffused nationwide. These strategies were not used in isolation or in a pure stepwise fashion but appeared to be recursive and interactive, suggesting the dynamic nature of corporate policy entrepreneurship in a multilevel governance system. More studies could be done to further examine strategies and processes of other forms of policy entrepreneurship in various national and sectoral settings.     

专业学会在应对突发公共卫生事件中的作用——以新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情应对为例

与一般危机事件相比,突发公共卫生事件具有突发性、高度专业性、未知性、群体性、社会性以及应对协同性等特征。在现代化治理体系中,专业学会作为突发公共卫生事件应急管理的重要补充力量,应当发挥专业优势、组织协调优势、凝聚精神等优势,在疾病的预测、健康科普、组织动员、心理干预等方面发挥积极作用。     

对构建“四警一化”现代警务机制的思考

构建现代警务机制,实现传统警务向现代警务的跨越,是公安工作发展的长远之计。嘉兴市公安机关着眼于特色发展、创新发展和内涵式发展,积极构建“四警一化”现代警务机制,即以信息警务为主导、以主动警务为突破、以合作警务为依托、以人文警务为支撑、以队伍职业化为保障,不断提升公安机关的创新力、执行力、拓展力、软实力和职业化水平。     

基于综合集成研讨厅的应急警务情报研判

随着社会矛盾的尖锐化,应急警务活动日益频繁。情报研判的准确性在保证应急警务的制胜方面起着重要的作用。本文分析了现阶段应急警务活动中常用的情报采集与研判方式及其优缺点;在介绍综合集成研讨厅模型的基础上,设计了应急警务导入该方法的思路。最后结合当前应急警务队伍的实际状况,分析了引入综合集成研讨厅方法存在的困难,并提出了相应的改进对策。     

关于劳动者生命道德的思考

劳动者作为社会发展的重要力量,具有生命存在的终极意义及追寻生命价值的本能渴望.但是他们生命的存在以及价值的实现不断面临现实的挑战,敬畏与关爱是对劳动者生命的基本的道德态度,工会在其中可以发挥重要作用.     

公共治理的空间结构及其转变——基于转型社会中公共权力行动边界的分析

公共治理空间体现了公共权力在作用于一定的社会生活领域时所拓展的协调与控制社会能动性的幅度和深度.在转型社会中,公共治理空间一般由显性一隐性空间构成.相应地,制度和惯习、制度性边界和惯习性边界的互生与外衍构成了公共治理显性-隐性空间的衍生条件与约束机制;而隐性治理空间的存续对公共治理总体格局而言亦有着积极和消极两个方面,由此决定着公共治理空间结构的宏观功能.伴随着社会转型的持续推进和不断深化,应通过公共权力运行场域的再造与行动边界的整合实现公共治理空间结构的转变.